Keycard v2.2 (#15)

* add methods for the extended SIGN command

* add resetPinlessPath

README.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ You can import the SDK in your Gradle or Maven project using [Jitpack.io](https:
 
 ```groovy
 dependencies {
-  implementation 'com.github.status-im.status-keycard-java:android:2.0rc1'
+  implementation 'com.github.status-im.status-keycard-java:android:2.2.0'
 }
 ```
 
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ dependencies {
 
 ```groovy
 dependencies {
-  implementation 'com.github.status-im.status-keycard-java:desktop:2.0rc1'
+  implementation 'com.github.status-im.status-keycard-java:desktop:2.2.0'
 }
 ```

android/build.gradle

@@ -8,8 +8,17 @@ android {
     defaultConfig {
         minSdkVersion 19
         targetSdkVersion 28
-        versionCode 2
-        versionName "2.0"
+        versionCode 201
+        versionName "2.0.1"
+    }
+
+    compileOptions {
+        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
+        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
+    }
+
+    lintOptions {
+        abortOnError false
     }
 }
 

android/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/android/NFCCardManager.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public class NFCCardManager extends Thread implements NfcAdapter.ReaderCallback
   private int loopSleepMS;
 
   static {
-    Crypto.addSpongyCastleProvider();
+    Crypto.addBouncyCastleProvider();
   }
 
   /**

build.gradle

@@ -22,3 +22,7 @@ allprojects {
 task clean(type: Delete) {
     delete rootProject.buildDir
 }
+
+subprojects {
+    tasks.withType(Javadoc).all { enabled = false }
+}

demo-android/build.gradle

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ android {
         applicationId "im.status.keycard.demo"
         minSdkVersion 19
         targetSdkVersion 28
-        versionCode 2
-        versionName "2.0"
+        versionCode 201
+        versionName "2.0.1"
         testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
     }
     buildTypes {
@@ -16,13 +16,21 @@ android {
             proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
         }
     }
+
+    lintOptions {
+        lintConfig file("lint-config.xml")
+    }
+
+    compileOptions {
+        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
+        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
+    }
 }
 
 dependencies {
     implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
     implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
-    implementation 'com.madgag.spongycastle:core:1.58.0.0'
-    implementation 'com.madgag.spongycastle:prov:1.58.0.0'
+    implementation 'org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on:1.60'
 
     implementation project(':android')
 

demo-android/lint-config.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<lint>
+    <issue id="InvalidPackage">
+        <ignore path="**/bcprov-jdk15on-*.jar"/>
+    </issue>
+</lint>

demo-android/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/app/MainActivity.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import im.status.keycard.io.CardChannel;
 import im.status.keycard.io.CardListener;
 import im.status.keycard.android.NFCCardManager;
 import im.status.keycard.applet.*;
-import org.spongycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
+import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
 
 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
@@ -54,20 +54,27 @@ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
           } else {
             Log.i(TAG, "The card has no master key");
           }
+          Log.i(TAG,  String.format("Capabilities: %02X", info.getCapabilities()));
+          Log.i(TAG, "Has Secure Channel: " + info.hasSecureChannelCapability());
+          Log.i(TAG, "Has Key Management: " + info.hasKeyManagementCapability());
+          Log.i(TAG, "Has Credentials Management: " + info.hasCredentialsManagementCapability());
+          Log.i(TAG, "Has NDEF capability: " + info.hasNDEFCapability());
 
-          // In real projects, the pairing key should be saved and used for all new sessions.
-          cmdSet.autoPair("KeycardTest");
-          Pairing pairing = cmdSet.getPairing();
+          if (info.hasSecureChannelCapability()) {
+            // In real projects, the pairing key should be saved and used for all new sessions.
+            cmdSet.autoPair("KeycardTest");
+            Pairing pairing = cmdSet.getPairing();
 
-          // Never log the pairing key in a real application!
-          Log.i(TAG, "Pairing with card is done.");
-          Log.i(TAG, "Pairing index: " + pairing.getPairingIndex());
-          Log.i(TAG, "Pairing key: " + Hex.toHexString(pairing.getPairingKey()));
+            // Never log the pairing key in a real application!
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pairing with card is done.");
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pairing index: " + pairing.getPairingIndex());
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pairing key: " + Hex.toHexString(pairing.getPairingKey()));
 
-          // Opening a Secure Channel is needed for all other applet commands
-          cmdSet.autoOpenSecureChannel();
+            // Opening a Secure Channel is needed for all other applet commands
+            cmdSet.autoOpenSecureChannel();
 
-          Log.i(TAG, "Secure channel opened. Getting applet status.");
+            Log.i(TAG, "Secure channel opened. Getting applet status.");
+          }
 
           // We send a GET STATUS command, which does not require PIN authentication
           ApplicationStatus status = new ApplicationStatus(cmdSet.getStatus(KeycardCommandSet.GET_STATUS_P1_APPLICATION).checkOK().getData());
@@ -76,27 +83,31 @@ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
           Log.i(TAG, "PUK retry counter: " + status.getPUKRetryCount());
           Log.i(TAG, "Has master key: " + status.hasMasterKey());
 
-          // A mnemonic can be generated before PIN authentication. Generating a mnemonic does not create keys on the
-          // card. a subsequent loadKey step must be performed after PIN authentication. In this example we will only
-          // show how to convert the output of the card to a usable format but won't actually load the key
-          Mnemonic mnemonic = new Mnemonic(cmdSet.generateMnemonic(KeycardCommandSet.GENERATE_MNEMONIC_12_WORDS).checkOK().getData());
+          if (info.hasKeyManagementCapability()) {
+            // A mnemonic can be generated before PIN authentication. Generating a mnemonic does not create keys on the
+            // card. a subsequent loadKey step must be performed after PIN authentication. In this example we will only
+            // show how to convert the output of the card to a usable format but won't actually load the key
+            Mnemonic mnemonic = new Mnemonic(cmdSet.generateMnemonic(KeycardCommandSet.GENERATE_MNEMONIC_12_WORDS).checkOK().getData());
 
-          // We need to set a wordlist if we plan using this object to derive the binary seed. If we just need the word
-          // indexes we can skip this step and call mnemonic.getIndexes() instead.
-          mnemonic.fetchBIP39EnglishWordlist();
+            // We need to set a wordlist if we plan using this object to derive the binary seed. If we just need the word
+            // indexes we can skip this step and call mnemonic.getIndexes() instead.
+            mnemonic.fetchBIP39EnglishWordlist();
 
-          Log.i(TAG, "Generated mnemonic phrase: " + mnemonic.toMnemonicPhrase());
-          Log.i(TAG, "Binary seed: " + Hex.toHexString(mnemonic.toBinarySeed()));
+            Log.i(TAG, "Generated mnemonic phrase: " + mnemonic.toMnemonicPhrase());
+            Log.i(TAG, "Binary seed: " + Hex.toHexString(mnemonic.toBinarySeed()));
+          }
 
-          // PIN authentication allows execution of privileged commands
-          cmdSet.verifyPIN("000000").checkOK();
+          if (info.hasCredentialsManagementCapability()) {
+            // PIN authentication allows execution of privileged commands
+            cmdSet.verifyPIN("000000").checkAuthOK();
 
-          Log.i(TAG, "Pin Verified.");
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pin Verified.");
+          }
 
           // If the card has no keys, we generate a new set. Keys can also be loaded on the card starting from a binary
           // seed generated from a mnemonic phrase. In alternative, we could load the generated keypair as shown in the
           // commented line of code.
-          if (!status.hasMasterKey()) {
+          if (!status.hasMasterKey() && info.hasKeyManagementCapability()) {
             cmdSet.generateKey();
             //cmdSet.loadKey(mnemonic.toBIP32KeyPair());
           }
@@ -127,14 +138,15 @@ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
           Log.i(TAG, "R: " + Hex.toHexString(signature.getR()));
           Log.i(TAG, "S: " + Hex.toHexString(signature.getS()));
 
-          // Cleanup, in a real application you would not unpair and instead keep the pairing key for successive interactions.
-          // We also remove all other pairings so that we do not fill all slots with failing runs. Again in real application
-          // this would be a very bad idea to do.
-          cmdSet.unpairOthers();
-          cmdSet.autoUnpair();
-
-          Log.i(TAG, "Unpaired.");
+          if (info.hasSecureChannelCapability()) {
+            // Cleanup, in a real application you would not unpair and instead keep the pairing key for successive interactions.
+            // We also remove all other pairings so that we do not fill all slots with failing runs. Again in real application
+            // this would be a very bad idea to do.
+            cmdSet.unpairOthers();
+            cmdSet.autoUnpair();
 
+            Log.i(TAG, "Unpaired.");
+          }
         } catch (Exception e) {
           Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
         }

desktop/build.gradle

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ apply plugin: 'maven'
 
 dependencies {
     compile project(':lib')
+    compile 'org.hid4java:hid4java:0.5.0'
 }
 
 task sourcesJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: classes) {

desktop/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/desktop/LedgerUSBChannel.java

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+package im.status.keycard.desktop;
+
+import im.status.keycard.io.APDUCommand;
+import im.status.keycard.io.APDUResponse;
+import im.status.keycard.io.CardChannel;
+import org.hid4java.HidDevice;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class LedgerUSBChannel implements CardChannel {
+  private static final int HID_BUFFER_SIZE = 64;
+  private static final int LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANNEL = 1;
+  private static final int TAG_APDU = 0x05;
+  private static final int READ_TIMEOUT = 20000;
+
+  private HidDevice hidDevice;
+
+  public LedgerUSBChannel(HidDevice hidDevice) {
+    this.hidDevice = hidDevice;
+
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public APDUResponse send(APDUCommand cmd) throws IOException {
+    ByteArrayOutputStream response = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+    int offset = 0;
+
+    byte[] command = wrapCommandAPDU(cmd.serialize());
+
+    byte[] chunk = new byte[HID_BUFFER_SIZE];
+
+    while(offset != command.length) {
+      System.arraycopy(command, offset, chunk, 0, HID_BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+      if (hidDevice.write(chunk, HID_BUFFER_SIZE, (byte) 0x00) < 0) {
+        throw new IOException("Write failed");
+      }
+
+      offset += HID_BUFFER_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    byte[] responseData = null;
+
+    while ((responseData = unwrapResponseAPDU(response.toByteArray())) == null) {
+      if (hidDevice.read(chunk, READ_TIMEOUT) < 0) {
+        throw new IOException("Read failed");
+      }
+
+      response.write(chunk, 0, HID_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    return new APDUResponse(responseData);
+  }
+
+  private byte[] unwrapResponseAPDU(byte[] data) throws IOException {
+    if ((data == null) || (data.length < 7 + 5)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    int sequenceIdx = 0;
+    int offset = checkResponseHeader(data, 0, sequenceIdx);
+
+    int  responseLength = ((data[offset++] & 0xff) << 8);
+    responseLength |= (data[offset++] & 0xff);
+
+    if (data.length < 7 + responseLength) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    ByteArrayOutputStream response = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+    int blockSize = (responseLength > HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 7 ? HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 7 : responseLength);
+    response.write(data, offset, blockSize);
+    offset += blockSize;
+
+    while (response.size() != responseLength) {
+      sequenceIdx++;
+
+      if (offset == data.length) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      offset = checkResponseHeader(data, offset, sequenceIdx);
+
+      blockSize = (responseLength - response.size() > HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 5 ? HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 5 : responseLength - response.size());
+      if (blockSize > data.length - offset) {
+        return null;
+      }
+      response.write(data, offset, blockSize);
+      offset += blockSize;
+    }
+
+    return response.toByteArray();
+  }
+
+  private int checkResponseHeader(byte[] data, int offset, int sequenceIdx) throws IOException {
+    if (data[offset++] != (LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANNEL >> 8)) {
+      throw new IOException("Invalid channel");
+    }
+
+    if (data[offset++] != (LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANNEL & 0xff)) {
+      throw new IOException("Invalid channel");
+    }
+
+    if (data[offset++] != TAG_APDU) {
+      throw new IOException("Invalid tag");
+    }
+
+    if (data[offset++] != (sequenceIdx >> 8)) {
+      throw new IOException("Invalid sequence");
+    }
+
+    if (data[offset++] != (sequenceIdx & 0xff)) {
+      throw new IOException("Invalid sequence");
+    }
+    return offset;
+  }
+
+  private byte[] wrapCommandAPDU(byte[] command) {
+    ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+
+    int sequenceIdx = 0;
+    int offset = 0;
+    writeCommandHeader(output, sequenceIdx);
+    sequenceIdx++;
+
+    output.write(command.length >> 8);
+    output.write(command.length);
+    int blockSize = (command.length > (HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 7) ? (HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 7) : command.length);
+    output.write(command, offset, blockSize);
+    offset += blockSize;
+
+    while (offset != command.length) {
+      writeCommandHeader(output, sequenceIdx);
+      sequenceIdx++;
+
+      blockSize = ((command.length - offset) > (HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 5) ? (HID_BUFFER_SIZE - 5) : (command.length - offset));
+      output.write(command, offset, blockSize);
+      offset += blockSize;
+    }
+
+    if ((output.size() % HID_BUFFER_SIZE) != 0) {
+      byte[] padding = new byte[HID_BUFFER_SIZE - (output.size() % HID_BUFFER_SIZE)];
+      output.write(padding, 0, padding.length);
+    }
+
+    return output.toByteArray();
+  }
+
+  private void writeCommandHeader(ByteArrayOutputStream output, int sequenceIdx) {
+    output.write(LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANNEL >> 8);
+    output.write(LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANNEL);
+    output.write(TAG_APDU);
+    output.write(sequenceIdx >> 8);
+    output.write(sequenceIdx);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean isConnected() {
+    return hidDevice.isOpen();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int pairingPasswordPBKDF2IterationCount() {
+    return 10;
+  }
+}

desktop/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/desktop/LedgerUSBManager.java

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package im.status.keycard.desktop;
+
+import im.status.keycard.globalplatform.Crypto;
+import im.status.keycard.io.CardListener;
+import org.hid4java.*;
+import org.hid4java.event.HidServicesEvent;
+
+public class LedgerUSBManager implements HidServicesListener {
+  static {
+    Crypto.addBouncyCastleProvider();
+  }
+
+  private static final int VID = 0x2c97;
+  private static final int PID = 0x0001;
+  private static final int SCAN_INTERVAL_MS = 500;
+  private static final int PAUSE_INTERVAL_MS = 5000;
+
+  private HidServices hidServices;
+  private CardListener listener;
+
+  public LedgerUSBManager(CardListener listener) {
+    this.listener = listener;
+
+    HidServicesSpecification hidServicesSpecification = new HidServicesSpecification();
+    hidServicesSpecification.setAutoShutdown(true);
+    hidServicesSpecification.setScanInterval(SCAN_INTERVAL_MS);
+    hidServicesSpecification.setPauseInterval(PAUSE_INTERVAL_MS);
+    hidServicesSpecification.setScanMode(ScanMode.SCAN_AT_FIXED_INTERVAL_WITH_PAUSE_AFTER_WRITE);
+
+    hidServices = HidManager.getHidServices(hidServicesSpecification);
+    hidServices.addHidServicesListener(this);
+  }
+
+  public void start() {
+    hidServices.start();
+
+    HidDevice hidDevice = hidServices.getHidDevice(VID, PID, null);
+
+    if (hidDevice != null) {
+      listener.onConnected(new LedgerUSBChannel(hidDevice));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void stop() {
+    hidServices.shutdown();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void hidDeviceAttached(HidServicesEvent event) {
+    HidDevice hidDevice = event.getHidDevice();
+
+    if (hidDevice.isVidPidSerial(VID, PID, null)) {
+      listener.onConnected(new LedgerUSBChannel(hidDevice));
+    }
+
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void hidDeviceDetached(HidServicesEvent event) {
+    hidFailure(event);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void hidFailure(HidServicesEvent event) {
+    HidDevice hidDevice = event.getHidDevice();
+
+    if (hidDevice.isVidPidSerial(VID, PID, null)) {
+      listener.onDisconnected();
+    }
+  }
+}

desktop/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/desktop/PCSCCardChannel.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import java.io.IOException;
  */
 public class PCSCCardChannel implements CardChannel {
   static {
-    Crypto.addSpongyCastleProvider();
+    Crypto.addBouncyCastleProvider();
   }
 
   private javax.smartcardio.CardChannel cardChannel;

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/ApplicationInfo.java

@@ -11,11 +11,20 @@ public class ApplicationInfo {
   private short appVersion;
   private byte freePairingSlots;
   private byte[] keyUID;
+  private byte capabilities;
 
   public static final byte TLV_APPLICATION_INFO_TEMPLATE = (byte) 0xA4;
   public static final byte TLV_PUB_KEY = (byte) 0x80;
   public static final byte TLV_UID = (byte) 0x8F;
   public static final byte TLV_KEY_UID = (byte) 0x8E;
+  public static final byte TLV_CAPABILITIES = (byte) 0x8D;
+
+  static final byte CAPABILITY_SECURE_CHANNEL = (byte) 0x01;
+  static final byte CAPABILITY_KEY_MANAGEMENT = (byte) 0x02;
+  static final byte CAPABILITY_CREDENTIALS_MANAGEMENT = (byte) 0x04;
+  static final byte CAPABILITY_NDEF = (byte) 0x08;
+
+  static final byte CAPABILITIES_ALL = CAPABILITY_SECURE_CHANNEL | CAPABILITY_KEY_MANAGEMENT | CAPABILITY_CREDENTIALS_MANAGEMENT | CAPABILITY_NDEF;
 
   /**
    * Constructs an object by parsing the TLV data.
@@ -32,6 +41,12 @@ public class ApplicationInfo {
     if (topTag == TLV_PUB_KEY) {
       secureChannelPubKey = tlv.readPrimitive(TLV_PUB_KEY);
       initializedCard = false;
+      capabilities = CAPABILITY_CREDENTIALS_MANAGEMENT;
+
+      if (secureChannelPubKey.length > 0) {
+        capabilities |= CAPABILITY_SECURE_CHANNEL;
+      }
+
       return;
     }
 
@@ -41,6 +56,14 @@ public class ApplicationInfo {
     appVersion = (short) tlv.readInt();
     freePairingSlots = (byte) tlv.readInt();
     keyUID = tlv.readPrimitive(TLV_KEY_UID);
+
+    if (tlv.readTag() != TinyBERTLV.END_OF_TLV) {
+      tlv.unreadLastTag();
+      capabilities = tlv.readPrimitive(TLV_CAPABILITIES)[0];
+    } else {
+      capabilities = CAPABILITIES_ALL;
+    }
+
     initializedCard = true;
   }
 
@@ -115,4 +138,29 @@ public class ApplicationInfo {
   public byte[] getKeyUID() {
     return keyUID;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the capability descriptor for the device.
+   *
+   * @return the capability descriptor for the device.
+   */
+  public byte getCapabilities() {
+    return capabilities;
+  }
+
+  public boolean hasSecureChannelCapability() {
+    return (capabilities & CAPABILITY_SECURE_CHANNEL) == CAPABILITY_SECURE_CHANNEL;
+  }
+
+  public boolean hasKeyManagementCapability() {
+    return (capabilities & CAPABILITY_KEY_MANAGEMENT) == CAPABILITY_KEY_MANAGEMENT;
+  }
+
+  public boolean hasCredentialsManagementCapability() {
+    return (capabilities & CAPABILITY_CREDENTIALS_MANAGEMENT) == CAPABILITY_CREDENTIALS_MANAGEMENT;
+  }
+
+  public boolean hasNDEFCapability() {
+    return (capabilities & CAPABILITY_NDEF) == CAPABILITY_NDEF;
+  }
 }

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/CardDuplicator.java

@@ -2,95 +2,140 @@ package im.status.keycard.applet;
 
 import im.status.keycard.io.APDUException;
 import im.status.keycard.io.CardChannel;
+import im.status.keycard.io.WrongPINException;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 
 /**
- * Class helping with the card duplication process. Depending on the device's role, only some of the methods are relevant.
- *
- * WORK IN PROGRESS, DO NOT USE YET
+ * Class helping with the card duplication process. Depending on the client's role, only some of the methods are relevant.
  */
 public class CardDuplicator {
   private byte[] secret;
+  private KeycardCommandSet cmdSet;
+  private DuplicatorCallback cb;
+
+  private HashSet<byte[]> startedDuplication;
+  private HashSet<byte[]> addedEntropy;
+  private HashSet<byte[]> finishedDuplication;
 
   /**
-   * Creates a CardDuplicator object. Regardless of the role of the device, this object must be kept and used for the
+   * Creates a CardDuplicator object. Regardless of the role of the client, this object must be kept and used for the
    * entire duplication session. It cannot be reused for multiple sessions.
+   * 
+   * @param cmdSet the CommandSet to use
+   * @param cb the callback object for backups. This is needed only on the client performing steps requiring pairing
+   *           and authentication. Clients which only add entropy should pass null
    */
-  public CardDuplicator() {
-    secret = new byte[32];
+  public CardDuplicator(KeycardCommandSet cmdSet, DuplicatorCallback cb) {
+    this.cmdSet = cmdSet;
+    this.cb = cb;
+    this.startedDuplication = new HashSet<>();
+    this.addedEntropy = new HashSet<>();
+    this.finishedDuplication = new HashSet<>();
+
+    this.secret = new byte[32];
     SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
-    random.nextBytes(secret);
+    random.nextBytes(this.secret);
   }
 
-  private KeycardCommandSet preamble(CardChannel channel, Pairing pairing, String pin) throws IOException, APDUException {
-    KeycardCommandSet cmdSet = new KeycardCommandSet(channel);
-    cmdSet.select().checkOK();
+  /**
+   * Creates a CardDuplicator object. Only suitable for clients performing the role of adding entropy.
+   *
+   * @param channel the APDU channel
+   */
+  public CardDuplicator(CardChannel channel) {
+    this(new KeycardCommandSet(channel), null);
+  }
+
+  private ApplicationInfo selectAndCheck(HashSet<byte[]> processed) throws APDUException, IOException {
+    ApplicationInfo appInfo = new ApplicationInfo(cmdSet.select().checkOK().getData());
+
+    if (!processed.add(appInfo.getInstanceUID())) {
+      throw new IllegalStateException("The requested action has been already performed on this card");
+    }
+
+    return appInfo;
+  }
+
+  private void preamble(HashSet<byte[]> processed) throws IOException, APDUException {
+    ApplicationInfo appInfo = selectAndCheck(processed);
+
+    Pairing pairing = cb.getPairing(appInfo);
+
+    if (pairing == null) {
+      throw new APDUException("The given card is not paired");
+    }
+
     cmdSet.setPairing(pairing);
     cmdSet.autoOpenSecureChannel();
-    cmdSet.verifyPIN(pin).checkOK();
-    return cmdSet;
+    ApplicationStatus appStatus = new ApplicationStatus(cmdSet.getStatus(KeycardCommandSet.GET_STATUS_P1_APPLICATION).checkOK().getData());
+    int remainingAttempts = appStatus.getPINRetryCount();
+
+    while(remainingAttempts > 0) {
+      try {
+        cmdSet.verifyPIN(cb.getPIN(appInfo, remainingAttempts)).checkAuthOK();
+        break;
+      } catch(WrongPINException e) {
+        remainingAttempts = e.getRetryAttempts();
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (remainingAttempts <= 0) {
+      throw new APDUException("Card blocked");
+    }
   }
 
   /**
    * Starts duplication session. Must be used on all cards taking part of in the duplication process.
    *
-   * @param channel the card channel
-   * @param pairing the pairing info
-   * @param pin the card PIN
-   * @param deviceCount the number of devices which will be adding entropy for the key, including this one
+   * @param clientCount the number of clients which will be adding entropy for the key, including this one
    *
    * @throws IOException communication error
    * @throws APDUException unexpected card response
+   * @throws IllegalStateException this card has already been used
    */
-  public void startDuplication(CardChannel channel, Pairing pairing, String pin, int deviceCount) throws IOException, APDUException {
-    KeycardCommandSet cmdSet = preamble(channel, pairing, pin);
-    cmdSet.duplicateKeyStart(deviceCount, secret).checkOK();
+  public void startDuplication(int clientCount) throws IOException, APDUException, IllegalStateException {
+    preamble(startedDuplication);
+    cmdSet.duplicateKeyStart(clientCount, secret).checkOK();
   }
 
   /**
    * Exports key. Must be used on the card designated as the source for the duplication.
    *
-   * @param channel the card channel
-   * @param pairing the pairing info
-   * @param pin the card PIN
-   *
    * @throws IOException communication error
    * @throws APDUException unexpected card response
    */
-  public byte[] exportKey(CardChannel channel, Pairing pairing, String pin) throws IOException, APDUException {
-    KeycardCommandSet cmdSet = preamble(channel, pairing, pin);
+  public byte[] exportKey() throws IOException, APDUException, IllegalStateException {
+    preamble(finishedDuplication);
     return cmdSet.duplicateKeyExport().checkOK().getData();
   }
 
   /**
    * Imports key. Must be used on all cards designated as the target for the duplication.
-   * @param channel the card channel
-   * @param pairing the pairing info
-   * @param pin the user PIN
+   *
    * @param key the key to import
    * @return the key UID
    * @throws IOException communication error
    * @throws APDUException unexpected card response
+   * @throws IllegalStateException this card has already been used
    */
-  public byte[] importKey(CardChannel channel, Pairing pairing, String pin, byte[] key) throws IOException, APDUException {
-    KeycardCommandSet cmdSet = preamble(channel, pairing, pin);
+  public byte[] importKey(byte[] key) throws IOException, APDUException, IllegalStateException {
+    preamble(finishedDuplication);
     return cmdSet.duplicateKeyImport(key).checkOK().getData();
   }
 
   /**
-   * Adds entropy. Must be used on all cards taking part in the backup process. Each device taking part must use this
-   * exactly once, except for the device which started the backup.
+   * Adds entropy. Must be used on all cards taking part in the backup process. Each client taking part must use this
+   * exactly once, except for the client which started the backup.
    *
-   * @param channel
    * @throws IOException communication error
    * @throws APDUException unexpected card response
+   * @throws IllegalStateException this card has already been used
    */
-  public void addEntropy(CardChannel channel) throws IOException, APDUException {
-    KeycardCommandSet cmdSet = new KeycardCommandSet(channel);
-    cmdSet.select().checkOK();
+  public void addEntropy() throws IOException, APDUException, IllegalStateException {
+    selectAndCheck(addedEntropy);
     cmdSet.duplicateKeyAddEntropy(secret).checkOK();
   }
-
 }

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/DuplicatorCallback.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package im.status.keycard.applet;
+
+/**
+ * Callback interface for duplication procedure.
+ */
+public interface DuplicatorCallback {
+  /**
+   * Must return the pairing for the current card, represented by the applicationInfo parameter. If no pairing
+   * could be found, null must be returned.
+   *
+   * @param applicationInfo the application info template of the currently inserted card
+   * @return the pairing info or null
+   */
+  Pairing getPairing(ApplicationInfo applicationInfo);
+
+  /**
+   * Must return the PIN for the current card. This method can prompt the user or return a cached value.
+   *
+   * @param applicationInfo the application info template of the currently inserted card
+   * @param remainingAttempts the number of remaining PIN attempts
+   * @return the PIN
+   */
+  String getPIN(ApplicationInfo applicationInfo, int remainingAttempts);
+}

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/Identifiers.java

@@ -2,21 +2,39 @@ package im.status.keycard.applet;
 
 import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
 public class Identifiers {
-  public static final byte[] PACKAGE_AID = Hex.decode("53746174757357616C6C6574");
+  public static final byte[] PACKAGE_AID = Hex.decode("A0000008040001");
 
-  public static final byte[] KEYCARD_AID = Hex.decode("53746174757357616C6C6574417070");
+  public static final byte[] KEYCARD_AID = Hex.decode("A000000804000101");
+  public static final int KEYCARD_DEFAULT_INSTANCE_IDX = 1;
 
-  public static final byte[] NDEF_AID = Hex.decode("53746174757357616C6C65744E4643");
+  public static final byte[] NDEF_AID = Hex.decode("A000000804000102");
   public static final byte[] NDEF_INSTANCE_AID = Hex.decode("D2760000850101");
 
   /**
-   * Gets the instance AID of the Keycard applet. Since multiple instances this is a method instead of a constant.
-   * Soon a method taking an additional instance index will be added.
+   * Gets the instance AID of the default instance of the Keycard applet.
    *
    * @return the instance AID of the Keycard applet
    */
   public static byte[] getKeycardInstanceAID() {
-    return KEYCARD_AID;
+    return getKeycardInstanceAID(KEYCARD_DEFAULT_INSTANCE_IDX);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the instance AID of the Keycard applet with the given index. Since multiple instances of the Keycard applet
+   * could be installed in parallel, this method allows selecting a specific instance. The index is between 01 and ff
+   *
+   * @return the instance AID of the Keycard applet
+   */
+  public static byte[] getKeycardInstanceAID(int instanceIdx) {
+    if (instanceIdx < 0x01 || instanceIdx > 0xff) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("The instance index must be between 1 and 255");
+    }
+
+    byte[] instanceAID = Arrays.copyOf(KEYCARD_AID, KEYCARD_AID.length + 1);
+    instanceAID[KEYCARD_AID.length] = (byte) instanceIdx;
+    return instanceAID;
   }
 }

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/KeycardCommandSet.java

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 package im.status.keycard.applet;
 
-import im.status.keycard.io.APDUCommand;
-import im.status.keycard.io.APDUException;
-import im.status.keycard.io.APDUResponse;
-import im.status.keycard.io.CardChannel;
+import im.status.keycard.io.*;
 import org.bouncycastle.jce.interfaces.ECPrivateKey;
 import org.bouncycastle.jce.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
 
@@ -36,6 +33,10 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
   static final byte INS_SET_PINLESS_PATH = (byte) 0xC1;
   static final byte INS_EXPORT_KEY = (byte) 0xC2;
 
+  public static final byte CHANGE_PIN_P1_USER_PIN = 0x00;
+  public static final byte CHANGE_PIN_P1_PUK = 0x01;
+  public static final byte CHANGE_PIN_P1_PAIRING_SECRET = 0x02;
+
   public static final byte GET_STATUS_P1_APPLICATION = 0x00;
   public static final byte GET_STATUS_P1_KEY_PATH = 0x01;
 
@@ -52,6 +53,11 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
   static final byte DUPLICATE_KEY_P1_EXPORT = 0x02;
   static final byte DUPLICATE_KEY_P1_IMPORT = 0x03;
 
+  static final byte SIGN_P1_CURRENT_KEY = 0x00;
+  static final byte SIGN_P1_DERIVE = 0x01;
+  static final byte SIGN_P1_DERIVE_AND_MAKE_CURRENT = 0x02;
+  static final byte SIGN_P1_PINLESS = 0x03;
+
   public static final int GENERATE_MNEMONIC_12_WORDS = 0x04;
   public static final int GENERATE_MNEMONIC_15_WORDS = 0x05;
   public static final int GENERATE_MNEMONIC_18_WORDS = 0x06;
@@ -69,12 +75,31 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
 
   private final CardChannel apduChannel;
   private SecureChannelSession secureChannel;
+  private ApplicationInfo info;
 
+  /**
+   * Creates a KeycardCommandSet using the given APDU Channel
+   * @param apduChannel APDU channel
+   */
   public KeycardCommandSet(CardChannel apduChannel) {
     this.apduChannel = apduChannel;
     this.secureChannel = new SecureChannelSession();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns the application info as stored from the last sent SELECT command. Returns null if no succesful SELECT
+   * command has been sent using this command set.
+   *
+   * @return the application info object
+   */
+  public ApplicationInfo getApplicationInfo() {
+    return info;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the SecureChannel object
+   * @param secureChannel secure channel
+   */
   protected void setSecureChannel(SecureChannelSession secureChannel) {
     this.secureChannel = secureChannel;
   }
@@ -95,19 +120,36 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Selects the applet. The applet is assumed to have been installed with its default AID. The returned data is a
-   * public key which must be used to initialize the secure channel.
+   * Selects the default instance of the Keycard applet. The applet is assumed to have been installed with its default
+   * AID. The returned data is a public key which must be used to initialize the secure channel.
    *
    * @return the raw card response
    * @throws IOException communication error
    */
   public APDUResponse select() throws IOException {
-    APDUCommand selectApplet = new APDUCommand(0x00, 0xA4, 4, 0, Identifiers.getKeycardInstanceAID());
+    return select(Identifiers.KEYCARD_DEFAULT_INSTANCE_IDX);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Selects a Keycard instance. The applet is assumed to have been installed with its default AID. The returned data is
+   * a public key which must be used to initialize the secure channel.
+   *
+   * @param instanceIdx the instance index
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse select(int instanceIdx) throws IOException {
+    APDUCommand selectApplet = new APDUCommand(0x00, 0xA4, 4, 0, Identifiers.getKeycardInstanceAID(instanceIdx));
     APDUResponse resp =  apduChannel.send(selectApplet);
 
+
     if (resp.getSw() == 0x9000) {
-      this.secureChannel.generateSecret(extractPublicKeyFromSelect(resp.getData()));
-      this.secureChannel.reset();
+      info = new ApplicationInfo(resp.getData());
+
+      if (info.hasSecureChannelCapability()) {
+        this.secureChannel.generateSecret(info.getSecureChannelPubKey());
+        this.secureChannel.reset();
+      }
     }
 
     return resp;
@@ -144,7 +186,7 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
 
     try {
       SecretKeyFactory skf = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256", "BC");
-      PBEKeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(pairingPassword.toCharArray(), "Keycard Pairing Password Salt".getBytes(), 50000, 32 * 8);
+      PBEKeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(pairingPassword.toCharArray(), "Keycard Pairing Password Salt".getBytes(), apduChannel.pairingPasswordPBKDF2IterationCount(), 32 * 8);
       key = skf.generateSecret(spec);
     } catch (Exception e) {
       throw new RuntimeException("Is Bouncycastle correctly initialized?");
@@ -241,7 +283,7 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
    * Sends a VERIFY PIN APDU. The raw bytes of the given string are encrypted using the secure channel and used as APDU
    * data.
    *
-   * @param pin the pin
+   * @param pin the PIN
    * @return the raw card response
    * @throws IOException communication error
    */
@@ -250,6 +292,40 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
     return secureChannel.transmit(apduChannel, verifyPIN);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Sends a CHANGE PIN APDU to change the user PIN.
+   *
+   * @param pin the new PIN
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse changePIN(String pin) throws IOException {
+    return changePIN(CHANGE_PIN_P1_USER_PIN, pin.getBytes());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sends a CHANGE PIN APDU to change the PUK.
+   *
+   * @param puk the new PUK
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse changePUK(String puk) throws IOException {
+    return changePIN(CHANGE_PIN_P1_PUK, puk.getBytes());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sends a CHANGE PIN APDU to change the pairing password. This does not break existing pairings, but new pairings
+   * will be made using the new password.
+   *
+   * @param pairingPassword the new pairing password
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse changePairingPassword(String pairingPassword) throws IOException {
+    return changePIN(CHANGE_PIN_P1_PAIRING_SECRET, pairingPasswordToSecret(pairingPassword));
+  }
+
   /**
    * Sends a CHANGE PIN APDU. The raw bytes of the given string are encrypted using the secure channel and used as APDU
    * data.
@@ -462,14 +538,58 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Sends a SIGN APDU. This signs a precomputed hash so the input must be exactly 32-bytes long.
+   * Sends a SIGN APDU. This signs a precomputed hash that must be exactly 32-bytes long.
    *
+   * @param hash the hash to sign
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse sign(byte[] hash) throws IOException {
+    return sign(hash, SIGN_P1_CURRENT_KEY);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sends a SIGN APDU. This signs a precomputed hash that must be exactly 32-bytes long. The key used to sign is given
+   * as a parameter.
+   *
+   * @param hash the hash to sign
+   * @params path the path of the key to use
+   * @param makeCurrent ture if the key used to sign should become the current key, false otherwise
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse signWithPath(byte[] hash, String path, boolean makeCurrent) throws IOException {
+    KeyPath keyPath = new KeyPath(path);
+    byte[] pathData = keyPath.getData();
+    byte[] data = Arrays.copyOf(hash, hash.length + pathData.length);
+    System.arraycopy(pathData, 0, data, hash.length, pathData.length);
+    return sign(data, keyPath.getSource() | (makeCurrent ? SIGN_P1_DERIVE_AND_MAKE_CURRENT : SIGN_P1_DERIVE));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sends a SIGN APDU. This signs a precomputed hash that must be exactly 32-bytes long. The pinless path will be used
+   * to sign. This command is the only variant of SIGN which can also be executed without a Secure Channel.
+   *
+   * @param hash the hash to sign
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse signPinless(byte[] hash) throws IOException {
+    return sign(hash, SIGN_P1_PINLESS);
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Sends a SIGN APDU. This signs a precomputed hash so the input must be exactly 32-bytes long, eventually followed by
+   * a derivation path.
+   *
+   * @param p1 the p1 parameter
    * @param data the data to sign
    * @return the raw card response
    * @throws IOException communication error
    */
-  public APDUResponse sign(byte[] data) throws IOException {
-    APDUCommand sign = secureChannel.protectedCommand(0x80, INS_SIGN, 0x00, 0x00, data);
+  public APDUResponse sign(byte[] data, int p1) throws IOException {
+    APDUCommand sign = secureChannel.protectedCommand(0x80, INS_SIGN, p1, 0x00, data);
     return secureChannel.transmit(apduChannel, sign);
   }
 
@@ -510,6 +630,33 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
     return secureChannel.transmit(apduChannel, deriveKey);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Sends a SET PINLESS PATH APDU. The path must be absolute, that is starting from the master key.
+
+   * @param path the path. Must be an absolute path (i.e: starting from the master key)
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse setPinlessPath(String path) throws IOException {
+    KeyPath keyPath = new KeyPath(path);
+    if (keyPath.getSource() != DERIVE_P1_SOURCE_MASTER) {
+      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Only absolute paths can be set as PINLESS path");
+    }
+
+    return setPinlessPath(keyPath.getData());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sends an empty SET PINLESS PATH APDU, resetting it. After this command the card does not have a PINless path until
+   * a new one is set.
+   *
+   * @return the raw card response
+   * @throws IOException communication error
+   */
+  public APDUResponse resetPinlessPath() throws IOException {
+      return setPinlessPath(new byte[]{});
+  }
+
   /**
    * Sends a SET PINLESS PATH APDU. The data is encrypted and sent as-is.
    *
@@ -517,7 +664,7 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
    * @return the raw card response
    * @throws IOException communication error
    */
-  public APDUResponse setPinlessPath(byte [] data) throws IOException {
+  public APDUResponse setPinlessPath(byte[] data) throws IOException {
     APDUCommand setPinlessPath = secureChannel.protectedCommand(0x80, INS_SET_PINLESS_PATH, 0x00, 0x00, data);
     return secureChannel.transmit(apduChannel, setPinlessPath);
   }
@@ -605,8 +752,4 @@ public class KeycardCommandSet {
     APDUCommand init = new APDUCommand(0x80, INS_INIT, 0, 0, secureChannel.oneShotEncrypt(initData));
     return apduChannel.send(init);
   }
-
-  private byte[] extractPublicKeyFromSelect(byte[] select) {
-    return new ApplicationInfo(select).getSecureChannelPubKey();
-  }
 }

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/RecoverableSignature.java

@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ public class RecoverableSignature {
     tlv.enterConstructed(TLV_SIGNATURE_TEMPLATE);
     publicKey = tlv.readPrimitive(ApplicationInfo.TLV_PUB_KEY);
     tlv.enterConstructed(TLV_ECDSA_TEMPLATE);
-    r = tlv.readPrimitive(TinyBERTLV.TLV_INT);
-    s = tlv.readPrimitive(TinyBERTLV.TLV_INT);
+    r = toUInt(tlv.readPrimitive(TinyBERTLV.TLV_INT));
+    s = toUInt(tlv.readPrimitive(TinyBERTLV.TLV_INT));
 
     recId = -1;
 
@@ -62,6 +62,14 @@ public class RecoverableSignature {
     }
   }
 
+  private byte[] toUInt(byte[] signedInt) {
+    if (signedInt[0] == 0) {
+      return Arrays.copyOfRange(signedInt, 1, signedInt.length);
+    } else {
+      return signedInt;
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * The public key associated to this signature.
    *

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/globalplatform/Crypto.java

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ public class Crypto {
   public static long PIN_BOUND = 999999L;
   public static long PUK_BOUND = 999999999999L;
 
-  private static boolean spongyCastleLoaded = false;
+  private static boolean bouncyCastleLoaded = false;
 
-  public static void addSpongyCastleProvider() {
-    if (!spongyCastleLoaded) {
+  public static void addBouncyCastleProvider() {
+    if (!bouncyCastleLoaded) {
       Security.removeProvider(BouncyCastleProvider.PROVIDER_NAME);
       Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
-      spongyCastleLoaded = true;
+      bouncyCastleLoaded = true;
     }
   }
 

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/io/APDUResponse.java

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ public class APDUResponse {
   public static final int SW_CARD_LOCKED = 0x6283;
   public static final int SW_REFERENCED_DATA_NOT_FOUND = 0x6A88;
   public static final int SW_CONDITIONS_OF_USE_NOT_SATISFIED = 0x6985; // applet may be already installed
+  public static final int SW_WRONG_PIN_MASK = 0x63C0;
 
   private byte[] apdu;
   private byte[] data;
@@ -87,6 +88,20 @@ public class APDUResponse {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Checks response from an authentication command (VERIFY PIN, UNBLOCK PUK)
+   *
+   * @throws WrongPINException wrong PIN
+   * @throws APDUException unexpected response
+   */
+  public APDUResponse checkAuthOK() throws WrongPINException, APDUException {
+    if ((this.sw & SW_WRONG_PIN_MASK) == SW_WRONG_PIN_MASK) {
+      throw new WrongPINException(sw2 & 0x0F);
+    } else {
+      return checkOK();
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Returns the data field of this APDU.
    *

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/io/CardChannel.java

@@ -20,4 +20,16 @@ public interface CardChannel {
    * @return true if connected, false otherwise
    */
   boolean isConnected();
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the iteration count for deriving the pairing key from the pairing password. The default is 50000 and is
+   * should only be changed for devices where the PBKDF2 is calculated on-board and the resource do not permit a
+   * high iteration count. If a lower count is used other security mechanism should be used to prevent brute force
+   * attacks.
+   *
+   * @return the iteration count
+   */
+  default int pairingPasswordPBKDF2IterationCount() {
+    return 50000;
+  }
 }

lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/io/WrongPINException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package im.status.keycard.io;
+
+/**
+ * Exception thrown when checking PIN/PUK
+ */
+public class WrongPINException extends APDUException {
+  private int retryAttempts;
+
+  /**
+   * Construct an exception with the given number of retry attempts.
+   *
+   * @param retryAttempts the number of retry attempts
+   */
+  public WrongPINException(int retryAttempts) {
+    super("Wrong PIN");
+    this.retryAttempts = retryAttempts;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the number of available retry attempts.
+   *
+   * @return the number of retry attempts
+   */
+  public int getRetryAttempts() {
+    return retryAttempts;
+  }
+}