* era: load blocks and states
Era files contain finalized history and can be thought of as an
alternative source for block and state data that allows clients to avoid
syncing this information from the P2P network - the P2P network is then
used to "top up" the client with the most recent data. They can be
freely shared in the community via whatever means (http, torrent, etc)
and serve as a permanent cold store of consensus data (and, after the
merge, execution data) for history buffs and bean counters alike.
This PR gently introduces support for loading blocks and states in two
cases: block requests from rest/p2p and frontfilling when doing
checkpoint sync.
The era files are used as a secondary source if the information is not
found in the database - compared to the database, there are a few key
differences:
* the database stores the block indexed by block root while the era file
indexes by slot - the former is used only in rest, while the latter is
used both by p2p and rest.
* when loading blocks from era files, the root is no longer trivially
available - if it is needed, it must either be computed (slow) or cached
(messy) - the good news is that for p2p requests, it is not needed
* in era files, "framed" snappy encoding is used while in the database
we store unframed snappy - for p2p2 requests, the latter requires
recompression while the former could avoid it
* front-filling is the process of using era files to replace backfilling
- in theory this front-filling could happen from any block and
front-fills with gaps could also be entertained, but our backfilling
algorithm cannot take advantage of this because there's no (simple) way
to tell it to "skip" a range.
* front-filling, as implemented, is a bit slow (10s to load mainnet): we
load the full BeaconState for every era to grab the roots of the blocks
- it would be better to partially load the state - as such, it would
also be good to be able to partially decompress snappy blobs
* lookups from REST via root are served by first looking up a block
summary in the database, then using the slot to load the block data from
the era file - however, there needs to be an option to create the
summary table from era files to fully support historical queries
To test this, `ncli_db` has an era file exporter: the files it creates
should be placed in an `era` folder next to `db` in the data directory.
What's interesting in particular about this setup is that `db` remains
as the source of truth for security purposes - it stores the latest
synced head root which in turn determines where a node "starts" its
consensus participation - the era directory however can be freely shared
between nodes / people without any (significant) security implications,
assuming the era files are consistent / not broken.
There's lots of future improvements to be had:
* we can drop the in-memory `BlockRef` index almost entirely - at this
point, resident memory usage of Nimbus should drop to a cool 500-600 mb
* we could serve era files via REST trivially: this would drop backfill
times to whatever time it takes to download the files - unlike the
current implementation that downloads block by block, downloading an era
at a time almost entirely cuts out request overhead
* we can "reasonably" recreate detailed state history from almost any
point in time, turning an O(slot) process into O(1) effectively - we'll
still need caches and indices to do this with sufficient efficiency for
the rest api, but at least it cuts the whole process down to minutes
instead of hours, for arbitrary points in time
* CI: ignore failures with Nim-1.6 (temporary)
* test fixes
Co-authored-by: Ștefan Talpalaru <stefantalpalaru@yahoo.com>
This extends the `--serve-light-client-data` launch option to serve
locally collected light client data via libp2p.
Backfill of historic best `LightClientUpdate` is not yet implemented.
See https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/pull/2802
When a `beaconBlocksByRange` response advances the `safeSlot`, but later
has errors, the sync queue keeps repeating that same request until it is
fulfilled without errors. Data up through `safeSlot` is considered to be
immutable, i.e., finalized, so re-requesting that data is not useful.
By advancing the sync progress in that scenario, those redundant query
portions can be avoided. Note, the finalized block _itself_ is always
requested, even in the initial request. This behaviour is kept same.
* fewer deps on `BlockRef` traversal in anticipation of pruning
* allows identifying EpochRef:s by their shuffling as a first step of
* tighten error handling around missing blocks
using the zero hash for signalling "missing block" is fragile and easy
to miss - with checkpoint sync now, and pruning in the future, missing
blocks become "normal".
* Refactor and optimize logs.
* Introduce shortLog(SyncRequest).
* Address review comment.
* make sync queue logs more consistent
Adds a few minor logging improvements:
- Fixes a typo (`was happened` -> `has happened`)
- Avoids passing `reset_slot` argument to log statement multiple times
- Uses same `rewind_to_slot` label when logging in both sync directions
- Consistent rewind point logging
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
When initializing backfill sync, the implementation intends to start at
the first unknown slot (`1` before tail). However, an incorrect variable
is passed, and backfill sync actually starts at the tail slot instead.
This patch corrects this by passing the intended variable. The problem
was introduced with the original backfill implementation at #3263.
The `SyncManager` has a leftover optional `sleepTime` parameter in
its constructor that used to configure the sync loop polling rate.
This parameter was replaced with a constant in #1602 and is no longer
functional. This patch removes the `sleepTime` leftovers.
#3304 introduced a regression to the sync status string displayed in the
status bar; during the main forward sync, the current slot is no longer
reported and always displays as `0`. This patch corrects the computation
to accurately report the current slot once more.
The `SyncManager` has a leftover optional `maxStatusAge` parameter in
its constructor that used to configure the libp2p `Status` polling rate.
This parameter was replaced with a constant in #1827 and is no longer
functional. This patch removes the `maxStatusAge` leftovers.
* harden and speed up block sync
The `GetBlockBy*` server implementation currently reads SSZ bytes from
database, deserializes them into a Nim object then serializes them right
back to SSZ - here, we eliminate the deser/ser steps and send the bytes
straight to the network. Unfortunately, the snappy recoding must still
be done because of differences in framing.
Also, the quota system makes one giant request for quota right before
sending all blocks - this means that a 1024 block request will be
"paused" for a long time, then all blocks will be sent at once causing a
spike in database reads which potentially will see the reading client
time out before any block is sent.
Finally, on the reading side we make several copies of blocks as they
travel through various queues - this was not noticeable before but
becomes a problem in two cases: bellatrix blocks are up to 10mb (instead
of .. 30-40kb) and when backfilling, we process a lot more of them a lot
faster.
* fix status comparisons for nodes syncing from genesis (#3327 was a bit
too hard)
* don't hit database at all for post-altair slots in GetBlock v1
requests
Additional sanity checking of the status message exchanged during a
fresh connection:
* check that head and finalized make sense, slot-wise
* verify that finalized root lies on the canonical chain, when possible
* re-check these things for every status message during sync
* Harden handling of unviable forks
In our current handling of unviable forks, we allow peers to send us
blocks that come from a different fork - this is not necessarily an
error as it can happen naturally, but it does open up the client to a
case where the same unviable fork keeps getting requested - rather than
allowing this to happen, we'll now give these peers a small negative
score - if it keeps happening, we'll disconnect them.
* keep track of unviable forks in quarantine, to avoid filling it with
known junk
* collect peer scores in single module
* descore peers when they send unviable blocks during sync
* don't give score for duplicate blocks
* increase quarantine size to a level that allows finality to happen
under optimal conditions - this helps avoid downloading the same blocks
over and over in case of an unviable fork
* increase initial score for new peers to make room for one more failure
before disconnection
* log and score invalid/unviable blocks in requestmanager too
* avoid ChainDAG dependency in quarantine
* reject gossip blocks with unviable parent
* continue processing unviable sync blocks in order to build unviable
dag
* docs
* Update beacon_chain/consensus_object_pools/block_pools_types.nim
* add unviable queue test
* limit by-root requests to non-finalized blocks
Presently, we keep a mapping from block root to `BlockRef` in memory -
this has simplified reasoning about the dag, but is not sustainable with
the chain growing.
We can distinguish between two cases where by-root access is useful:
* unfinalized blocks - this is where the beacon chain is operating
generally, by validating incoming data as interesting for future fork
choice decisions - bounded by the length of the unfinalized period
* finalized blocks - historical access in the REST API etc - no bounds,
really
In this PR, we limit the by-root block index to the first use case:
finalized chain data can more efficiently be addressed by slot number.
Future work includes:
* limiting the `BlockRef` horizon in general - each instance is 40
bytes+overhead which adds up - this needs further refactoring to deal
with the tail vs state problem
* persisting the finalized slot-to-hash index - this one also keeps
growing unbounded (albeit slowly)
Anyway, this PR easily shaves ~128mb of memory usage at the time of
writing.
* No longer honor `BeaconBlocksByRoot` requests outside of the
non-finalized period - previously, Nimbus would generously return any
block through this libp2p request - per the spec, finalized blocks
should be fetched via `BeaconBlocksByRange` instead.
* return `Opt[BlockRef]` instead of `nil` when blocks can't be found -
this becomes a lot more common now and thus deserves more attention
* `dag.blocks` -> `dag.forkBlocks` - this index only carries unfinalized
blocks from now - `finalizedBlocks` covers the other `BlockRef`
instances
* in backfill, verify that the last backfilled block leads back to
genesis, or panic
* add backfill timings to log
* fix missing check that `BlockRef` block can be fetched with
`getForkedBlock` reliably
* shortcut doppelganger check when feature is not enabled
* in REST/JSON-RPC, fetch blocks without involving `BlockRef`
* fix dag.blocks ref
Backfilling is the process of downloading historical blocks via P2P that
are required to fulfill `GetBlocksByRange` duties - this happens during
both trusted node and finalized checkpoint syncs.
In particular, backfilling happens after syncing to head, such that
attestation work can start as soon as possible.
* Fix SyncQueue initialization procedure.
Remove usage of `awaitne`.
Add cancellation support.
Remove unneeded `sleepAsync()` if peer's head is older than needed.
Add `direction` field to all logs.
Fix syncmanager wedge issue.
Add proper resource cleaning procedure on backward sync finish.
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
* Trusted node sync
Trusted node sync, aka checkpoint sync, allows syncing tyhe chain from a
trusted node instead of relying on a full sync from genesis.
Features include:
* sync from any slot, including the latest finalized slot
* backfill blocks either from the REST api (default) or p2p (#3263)
Future improvements:
* top up blocks between head in database and some other node - this
makes for an efficient backup tool
* recreate historical state to enable historical queries
* fixes
* load genesis from network metadata
* check checkpoint block root against state
* fix invalid block root in rest json decoding
* odds and ends
* retry looking for epoch-boundary checkpoint blocks
When syncing, we show how much of the sync has completed - with
checkpoint sync, the syncing does not always go from slot 0 to head, but
rather can start in the middle.
To show a consistent `%` between restarts, we introduce the concept of a
pivot point, such that if I sync 10% of the chain, then restart the
client, it picks up at 10% (instead of counting from 0).
What it looks like:
```
INF ... sync="01d12h41m (15.96%) 13.5158slots/s (QDDQDDQQDP:339018)" ...
```
Time in the beacon chain is expressed relative to the genesis time -
this PR creates a `beacon_time` module that collects helpers and
utilities for dealing the time units - the new module does not deal with
actual wall time (that's remains in `beacon_clock`).
Collecting the time related stuff in one place makes it easier to find,
avoids some circular imports and allows more easily identifying the code
actually needs wall time to operate.
* move genesis-time-related functionality into `spec/beacon_time`
* avoid using `chronos.Duration` for time differences - it does not
support negative values (such as when something happens earlier than it
should)
* saturate conversions between `FAR_FUTURE_XXX`, so as to avoid
overflows
* fix delay reporting in validator client so it uses the expected
deadline of the slot, not "closest wall slot"
* simplify looping over the slots of an epoch
* `compute_start_slot_at_epoch` -> `start_slot`
* `compute_epoch_at_slot` -> `epoch`
A follow-up PR will (likely) introduce saturating arithmetic for the
time units - this is merely code moves, renames and fixing of small
bugs.
* REST cleanups
* reject out-of-range committee requests
* print all hex values as lower-case
* allow requesting state information by head state root
* turn `DomainType` into array (follow spec)
* `uint_to_bytesXX` -> `uint_to_bytes` (follow spec)
* fix wrong dependent root in `/eth/v1/validator/duties/proposer/`
* update documentation - `--subscribe-all-subnets` is no longer needed
when using the REST interface with validator clients
* more fixes
* common helpers for dependent block
* remove test rules obsoleted by more strict epoch tests
* fix trailing commas
* Update docs/the_nimbus_book/src/rest-api.md
* Update docs/the_nimbus_book/src/rest-api.md
Co-authored-by: sacha <sacha@status.im>
* SyncManager cleanups for backfill support
Cleanups, fixes and simplifications, in anticipation of backfill support
for the `SyncManager`:
* reformat sync progress indicator to show time left and % done more
prominently:
* old: `sync="sPssPsssss:2:2.4229:00h57m (2706898)"`
* new: `sync="14d12h31m (0.52%) 1.1378slots/s (wQQQQQDDQQ:1287520)"`
* reset average speed when going out of sync
* pass all block errors to sync manager, including duplicate/unviable
* penalize peers for reporting a head block that is outside of our
expected wall clock time (they're likely on a different network or
trying to disrupt sync)
* remove `SyncFailureKind` (unused)
* remove `inRange` (unused)
* add `Q` for sync queue requests that are in the `SyncQueue` but not
yet in the `BlockProcessor` queue
* update last slot in `SyncQueue` after getting peer status
* fix race condition between `wakeupWaiters` and `resetWait`, where
workers would not be correctly reset if block verification returned a
completed future without event loop
* log syncmanager direction
* Fix ordering issue.
Some of the requests size of which are not equal to `chunkSize` could be processed in wrong order which could lead to sync process freezes.
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
In the ChainDAG, 3 block pointers are kept: genesis, tail and head. This
PR adds one more block pointer: the backfill block which represents the
block that has been backfilled so far.
When doing a checkpoint sync, a random block is given as starting point
- this is the tail block, and we require that the tail block has a
corresponding state.
When backfilling, we end up with blocks without corresponding states,
hence we cannot use `tail` as a backfill pointer - there is no state.
Nonetheless, we need to keep track of where we are in the backfill
process between restarts, such that we can answer GetBeaconBlocksByRange
requests.
This PR adds the basic support for backfill handling - it needs to be
integrated with backfill sync, and the REST API needs to be adjusted to
take advantage of the new backfilled blocks when responding to certain
requests.
Future work will also enable moving the tail in either direction:
* pruning means moving the tail forward in time and removing states
* backwards means recreating past states from genesis, such that
intermediate states are recreated step by step all the way to the tail -
at that point, tail, genesis and backfill will match up.
* backfilling is done when backfill != genesis - later, this will be the
WSS checkpoint instead
* move quarantine outside of chaindag
The quarantine has been part of the ChainDAG for the longest time, but
this design has a few issues:
* the function in which blocks are verified and added to the dag becomes
reentrant and therefore difficult to reason about - we're currently
using a stateful flag to work around it
* quarantined blocks bypass the processing queue leading to a processing
stampede
* the quarantine flow is unsuitable for orphaned attestations - these
should also should be quarantined eventually
Instead of processing the quarantine inside ChainDAG, this PR moves
re-queueing to `block_processor` which already is responsible for
dealing with follow-up work when a block is added to the dag
This sets the stage for keeping attestations in the quarantine as well.
Also:
* make `BlockError` `{.pure.}`
* avoid use of `ValidationResult` in block clearance (that's for gossip)
* Logging and startup improvements
Color support for released binaries!
* startup scripts no longer log to file by default - this only affects
source builds - released binaries don't support file logging
* add --log-stdout option to control logging to stdout (colors, json)
* detect tty:s vs redirected logs and log accordingly
* add option to disable log colors at runtime
* simplify several "common" logs, showing the most important information
earlier and more clearly
* remove line numbers / file information / tid - these take up space and
are of little use to end users
* still enabled in debug builds and tools
* remove `testnet_servers_image` compile-time option
* server images, released binaries and compile-from-source now offer
the same behaviour and features
* fixes https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth2/issues/2326
* fixes https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth2/issues/1794
* remove instanteneous block speed from sync message, keeping only
average
before:
```
INF 2021-10-28 16:45:59.000+02:00 Slot start topics="beacnde" tid=386429 file=nimbus_beacon_node.nim:884 lastSlot=2384027 wallSlot=2384028 delay=461us84ns peers=0 head=75a10ee5:3348 headEpoch=104 finalized=cd6804ba:3264 finalizedEpoch=102 sync="wwwwwwwwww:0:0.0000:0.0000:00h00m (3348)"
INF 2021-10-28 16:45:59.046+02:00 Slot end topics="beacnde" tid=386429 file=nimbus_beacon_node.nim:821 slot=2384028 nextSlot=2384029 head=75a10ee5:3348 headEpoch=104 finalizedHead=cd6804ba:3264 finalizedEpoch=102 nextAttestationSlot=-1 nextProposalSlot=-1 nextActionWait=n/a
```
after:
```
INF 2021-10-28 22:43:23.033+02:00 Slot start topics="beacnde" slot=2385815 epoch=74556 sync="DDPDDPUDDD:10:5.2258:01h19m (2361088)" peers=37 head=eacd2dae:2361096 finalized=73782:a4751487 delay=33ms687us715ns
INF 2021-10-28 22:43:23.291+02:00 Slot end topics="beacnde" slot=2385815 nextActionWait=n/a nextAttestationSlot=-1 nextProposalSlot=-1 head=eacd2dae:2361096
```
* fix comment
* documentation updates
* mention `--log-file` may be deprecated in the future
* update various docs
* auto-bump nim-libp2p
* Remove peer info for other peers
Not definitive, just to test the libp2p's unstable branch
* finish up Remove peer info for other peers
* getKey -> getPublicKey
* bump libp2p
* libp2p bump
Co-authored-by: = <Menduist@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Tanguy <tanguy@status.im>
* register vc duties with subnet tracker
* fix activation logging during startup
* cache slot signature to avoid duplicate signature work
* schedule aggregation duties one slot at a time to avoid CPU spike at
each epoch
* lower aggregation subnet pre-subscription time to 4 slots (lowers
bandwidth and CPU usage)
* update stability subnets in ENR on startup
* log gossip state
* perform gossip subscriptions just before the next slot starts
* document stuff
* add random include
* don't overwrite subscription state when not subscribed
* log target gossip state
* updating gossip status once is enough
* add test
* remove syncQueueLen - this one is not updated at the end of the sync
and may cause gossip to disconnect itself completely - use a simple head
distance instead
* fix gossip disconnection - if in hysteresis, node.gossipState will be
set to disabled even though we don't disable topic subscriptions
* fix extra duty registration call
* cleanups
* use ForkedTrustedSignedBeaconBlock.ionit where appropriate
* move `is_aggregator` to `spec/`
* use `errReject` in a few more places
* update enr fork id when time is auspicious
* use network broadcast functions
* Return Ignore for aggregate signature validation timeouts
...consistently between aggregates and attestations.
* clean up some more reject/ignore rules
* shorten texts a bit
* errReject->checkedReject, use err helpers throughout
* get rid of quarantine in exitpool as well
* send attestations and exit messages on fork-appropriate topic
* document why use wall clock over attestation slot
* centralize some fork-topic-picking-logic in eth2_network
* pick up new test in summary
* allow specified GetTimeFn for testing purposes
* add GenesisTime and use it in eth2_network
* replace GetTimeFn and GenesisTime with GetBeaconTimeFn
* reorganize ssz dependencies
This PR continues the work in
https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth2/pull/2646,
https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth2/pull/2779 as well as past
issues with serialization and type, to disentangle SSZ from eth2 and at
the same time simplify imports and exports with a structured approach.
The principal idea here is that when a library wants to introduce SSZ
support, they do so via 3 files:
* `ssz_codecs` which imports and reexports `codecs` - this covers the
basic byte conversions and ensures no overloads get lost
* `xxx_merkleization` imports and exports `merkleization` to specialize
and get access to `hash_tree_root` and friends
* `xxx_ssz_serialization` imports and exports `ssz_serialization` to
specialize ssz for a specific library
Those that need to interact with SSZ always import the `xxx_` versions
of the modules and never `ssz` itself so as to keep imports simple and
safe.
This is similar to how the REST / JSON-RPC serializers are structured in
that someone wanting to serialize spec types to REST-JSON will import
`eth2_rest_serialization` and nothing else.
* split up ssz into a core library that is independendent of eth2 types
* rename `bytes_reader` to `codec` to highlight that it contains coding
and decoding of bytes and native ssz types
* remove tricky List init overload that causes compile issues
* get rid of top-level ssz import
* reenable merkleization tests
* move some "standard" json serializers to spec
* remove `ValidatorIndex` serialization for now
* remove test_ssz_merkleization
* add tests for over/underlong byte sequences
* fix broken seq[byte] test - seq[byte] is not an SSZ type
There are a few things this PR doesn't solve:
* like #2646 this PR is weak on how to handle root and other
dontSerialize fields that "sometimes" should be computed - the same
problem appears in REST / JSON-RPC etc
* Fix a build problem on macOS
* Another way to fix the macOS builds
Co-authored-by: Zahary Karadjov <zahary@gmail.com>
The spec imports are a mess to work with, so this branch cleans them up
a bit to ensure that we avoid generic sandwitches and that importing
stuff generally becomes easier.
* reexport crypto/digest/presets because these are part of the public
symbol set of the rest of the spec types
* don't export `merge` types from `base` - this causes circular deps
* fix circular deps in `ssz/spec_types` - this is the first step in
disentangling ssz from spec
* be explicit about phase0 vs altair - longer term, `altair` will become
the "natural" type set, then merge and so on, so no point in giving
`phase0` special preferential treatment
Simpler module name for stuff that covers forks
* check that runtime config matches database state
* also include some assorted altair cleanups
* use "standard" genesis fork in local testnet to work around missing
runtime config support
Jacek Sieka
Etan Kissling
tersec
Eugene Kabanov
nbc-bump-bot[bot]
zah