* begin 0.5.0 spec update: parent_root -> previous_block_root, BeaconState.justified_epoch -> BeaconState.current_justified_epoch, DOMAIN_PROPOSAL -> DOMAIN_BEACON_BLOCK, temporarily rename BeaconBlockHeader to BeaconBlockHeaderRLP to allow for gradual re-merging without disrupting RLP; mark a few unchanged functions and data types, implement get_temporary_block_header/get_empty_block/should_update_validator_registry/processBlockHeader/cacheState; update a few others
* a dozen or so more trivial mostly comment changes, finding more unchanged parts of 0.5.0
* several more trivial changes; goal is to reduce noise around the upcoming substantial changes (epoch processing, etc)
* remove some redundant state updates
* when attesting late, use correct state / head
* don't send out obsolete attestations
* don't propose obsolete blocks
* remove some more resundant state updates :)
* simplify block logging (experimental)
* document fork choice division
* fix some Slot / Epoch conversion warnings
* keep track of a finalized block
* keep track of all justified blocks
* use naive spec version of LMD ghost
* cache slot number and a few more things in BlockRef
* keep track of the latest vote of each validator
* depend less on the state of node.state (it's a cache, effectively)
* set epoch_boundary_root - chain finalizes!
* fix slotStart to offset GENESIS_SLOT
* work around bug that will be fixed by
https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-specs/pull/732
* compile with debug info (there was a GC-related crash in C land)
* fix state db lookup typo
* fix randao reveal slot when proposing blocks
* only store blocks that can be applied to a state
* store state at every epoch boundary (yes, needs pruning!)
* split out state advancement function when there's no block
* default state sim to 0.9 attestation ratio
* implement in-memory block graph
* store tail block in database
* resolve unknown parents by syncing them from peers
* introduce concept of resolved blocks and attestations - those that
follow minimal protocol rules
* update state head lazily
* log more stuff
* shortHash -> shortLog
* start 9/10 beacon nodes by default, last can be started manually
* see also #134
* fix start.sh epoch length