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# Sharding -- Networking
**Notice**: This document is a work-in-progress for researchers and implementers.
## Table of contents
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- [Introduction](#introduction)
- [Constants](#constants)
- [Misc](#misc)
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- [Gossip domain](#gossip-domain)
- [Topics and messages](#topics-and-messages)
WIP implementation of Danksharding (#2792) * Rough structure * Most of the KZG checks in * Fixes suggested by Vitalik * Add low degree check for commitments * Remove -1 check from degree proof (not needed) * Require block builders to be validators to simplify things * remove verify_intermediate_block_bid_commitment * Rename back to process_block * Degree check formula corrections * Updated TOC, bid processing corrections * Link to latest sharding doc * Add shard samples + P2P * Add validator guide for attestations and reconstruction * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Refactor polynomial operations into separate file * Add missing polynomial functions * Fix polynomial commitment file toc levels * Refactor the payload to make better use of unions * Add reverse bit order convention * Correct inequality in verify_degree_proof * Small fix * Fix polynomial evaluation * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * MAX_BEACON_BLOCKS_BETWEEN_INTERMEDIATE_BLOCKS definition added * Sample reconstruction estimate * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Fix return value of roots_of_unity() * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Intermediate block -> Builder block * Some small omissions in intermediate -> builder * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Z1 -> inf_G1 * Fix degree proof bound * SignedShardSample -> ShardSample * Typo * Don't allow 0 for `next_power_of_two` * Remove unused `ROOT_OF_UNITY` constant * Throwaway variable name * Fix function documentation of `bls_modular_inverse` * Builder block bid increase by at least 1%, no RANDAO processing in builder blocks * Fix tocs * Fix tocs * Fix typo * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> Co-authored-by: Danny Ryan <dannyjryan@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net>
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- [Builder block bid](#builder-block-bid)
- [`builder_block_bid`](#builder_block_bid)
- [Shard sample subnets](#shard-sample-subnets)
- [`shard_row_{subnet_id}`](#shard_row_subnet_id)
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## Introduction
The specification of these changes continues in the same format as the network specifications of previous upgrades, and assumes them as pre-requisite.
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The adjustments and additions for Shards are outlined in this document.
## Constants
### Misc
WIP implementation of Danksharding (#2792) * Rough structure * Most of the KZG checks in * Fixes suggested by Vitalik * Add low degree check for commitments * Remove -1 check from degree proof (not needed) * Require block builders to be validators to simplify things * remove verify_intermediate_block_bid_commitment * Rename back to process_block * Degree check formula corrections * Updated TOC, bid processing corrections * Link to latest sharding doc * Add shard samples + P2P * Add validator guide for attestations and reconstruction * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Refactor polynomial operations into separate file * Add missing polynomial functions * Fix polynomial commitment file toc levels * Refactor the payload to make better use of unions * Add reverse bit order convention * Correct inequality in verify_degree_proof * Small fix * Fix polynomial evaluation * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * MAX_BEACON_BLOCKS_BETWEEN_INTERMEDIATE_BLOCKS definition added * Sample reconstruction estimate * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Fix return value of roots_of_unity() * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Intermediate block -> Builder block * Some small omissions in intermediate -> builder * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Z1 -> inf_G1 * Fix degree proof bound * SignedShardSample -> ShardSample * Typo * Don't allow 0 for `next_power_of_two` * Remove unused `ROOT_OF_UNITY` constant * Throwaway variable name * Fix function documentation of `bls_modular_inverse` * Builder block bid increase by at least 1%, no RANDAO processing in builder blocks * Fix tocs * Fix tocs * Fix typo * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> Co-authored-by: Danny Ryan <dannyjryan@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net>
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| Name | Value | Description |
| --------------------------- | ----- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `SHARD_ROW_SUBNET_COUNT` | `512` | The number of `shard_row_{subnet_id}` subnets used in the gossipsub protocol. |
| `SHARD_COLUMN_SUBNET_COUNT` | `512` | The number of `shard_column_{subnet_id}` subnets used in the gossipsub protocol. |
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## Gossip domain
### Topics and messages
Following the same scheme as the [Phase0 gossip topics](../../phase0/p2p-interface.md#topics-and-messages), names and payload types are:
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| Name | Message Type |
|---------------------------------|--------------------------|
WIP implementation of Danksharding (#2792) * Rough structure * Most of the KZG checks in * Fixes suggested by Vitalik * Add low degree check for commitments * Remove -1 check from degree proof (not needed) * Require block builders to be validators to simplify things * remove verify_intermediate_block_bid_commitment * Rename back to process_block * Degree check formula corrections * Updated TOC, bid processing corrections * Link to latest sharding doc * Add shard samples + P2P * Add validator guide for attestations and reconstruction * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Refactor polynomial operations into separate file * Add missing polynomial functions * Fix polynomial commitment file toc levels * Refactor the payload to make better use of unions * Add reverse bit order convention * Correct inequality in verify_degree_proof * Small fix * Fix polynomial evaluation * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * MAX_BEACON_BLOCKS_BETWEEN_INTERMEDIATE_BLOCKS definition added * Sample reconstruction estimate * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Fix return value of roots_of_unity() * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Intermediate block -> Builder block * Some small omissions in intermediate -> builder * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Z1 -> inf_G1 * Fix degree proof bound * SignedShardSample -> ShardSample * Typo * Don't allow 0 for `next_power_of_two` * Remove unused `ROOT_OF_UNITY` constant * Throwaway variable name * Fix function documentation of `bls_modular_inverse` * Builder block bid increase by at least 1%, no RANDAO processing in builder blocks * Fix tocs * Fix tocs * Fix typo * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> Co-authored-by: Danny Ryan <dannyjryan@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net>
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| `shard_row_{subnet_id}` | `SignedShardSample` |
| `shard_column_{subnet_id}` | `SignedShardSample` |
| `builder_block_bid` | `BuilderBlockBid` |
The [DAS network specification](./das-p2p.md) defines additional topics.
WIP implementation of Danksharding (#2792) * Rough structure * Most of the KZG checks in * Fixes suggested by Vitalik * Add low degree check for commitments * Remove -1 check from degree proof (not needed) * Require block builders to be validators to simplify things * remove verify_intermediate_block_bid_commitment * Rename back to process_block * Degree check formula corrections * Updated TOC, bid processing corrections * Link to latest sharding doc * Add shard samples + P2P * Add validator guide for attestations and reconstruction * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> * Refactor polynomial operations into separate file * Add missing polynomial functions * Fix polynomial commitment file toc levels * Refactor the payload to make better use of unions * Add reverse bit order convention * Correct inequality in verify_degree_proof * Small fix * Fix polynomial evaluation * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * MAX_BEACON_BLOCKS_BETWEEN_INTERMEDIATE_BLOCKS definition added * Sample reconstruction estimate * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Fix return value of roots_of_unity() * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/beacon-chain.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Intermediate block -> Builder block * Some small omissions in intermediate -> builder * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> * Z1 -> inf_G1 * Fix degree proof bound * SignedShardSample -> ShardSample * Typo * Don't allow 0 for `next_power_of_two` * Remove unused `ROOT_OF_UNITY` constant * Throwaway variable name * Fix function documentation of `bls_modular_inverse` * Builder block bid increase by at least 1%, no RANDAO processing in builder blocks * Fix tocs * Fix tocs * Fix typo * Update specs/sharding/polynomial-commitments.md Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net> Co-authored-by: Danny Ryan <dannyjryan@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Hsiao-Wei Wang <hsiaowei.eth@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: terence tsao <terence@prysmaticlabs.com> Co-authored-by: vbuterin <v@buterin.com> Co-authored-by: George Kadianakis <desnacked@riseup.net>
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#### Builder block bid
##### `builder_block_bid`
- _[IGNORE]_ The `bid` is published 1 slot early or later (with a `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY` allowance) --
i.e. validate that `bid.slot <= current_slot + 1`
(a client MAY queue future samples for propagation at the appropriate slot).
- _[IGNORE]_ The `bid` is for the current or next block
i.e. validate that `bid.slot >= current_slot`
- _[IGNORE]_ The `bid` is the first `bid` valid bid for `bid.slot`, or the bid is at least 1% higher than the previous known `bid`
- _[REJECT]_ The validator defined by `bid.validator_index` exists and is slashable.
- _[REJECT]_ The bid signature, which is an Eth1 signature, needs to be valid and the address needs to contain enough Ether to cover the bid and the data gas base fee.
#### Shard sample subnets
Shard sample (row/column) subnets are used by builders to make their samples available as part of their intermediate block release after selection by beacon block proposers.
##### `shard_row_{subnet_id}`
Shard sample data, in the form of a `SignedShardSample` is published to the `shard_row_{subnet_id}` and `shard_column_{subnet_id}` subnets.
The following validations MUST pass before forwarding the `sample`.
- _[IGNORE]_ The `sample` is published 1 slot early or later (with a `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY` allowance) --
i.e. validate that `sample.slot <= current_slot + 1`
(a client MAY queue future samples for propagation at the appropriate slot).
- _[IGNORE]_ The `sample` is new enough to still be processed --
i.e. validate that `compute_epoch_at_slot(sample.slot) >= get_previous_epoch(state)`
- _[REJECT]_ The shard sample is for the correct subnet --
i.e. `sample.row == subnet_id` for `shard_row_{subnet_id}` and `sample.column == subnet_id` for `shard_column_{subnet_id}`
- _[IGNORE]_ The sample is the first sample with valid signature received for the `(sample.builder, sample.slot, sample.row, sample.column)` combination.
- _[REJECT]_ The `sample.data` MUST NOT contain any point `x >= BLS_MODULUS`. Although it is a `uint256`, not the full 256 bit range is valid.
- _[REJECT]_ The validator defined by `sample.builder` exists and is slashable.
- _[REJECT]_ The sample is proposed by the expected `builder` for the sample's `slot`.
i.e., the beacon block at `sample.slot - 1` according to the node's fork choice contains an `IntermediateBlockBid`
with `intermediate_block_bid.validator_index == sample.builder`
- _[REJECT]_ The sample signature, `sample.signature`, is valid for the builder --
i.e. `bls.Verify(builder_pubkey, sample_signing_root, sample.signature)` OR `sample.signature == Bytes96(b"\0" * 96)` AND
the sample verification `verify_sample` passes