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260 lines
9.9 KiB
Markdown
260 lines
9.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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eip: 1193
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title: Ethereum Provider JavaScript API
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author: Ryan Ghods (@ryanio), Marc Garreau (@marcgarreau)
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discussions-to: https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-1193-ethereum-provider/640
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status: Draft
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type: Standards Track
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category: Interface
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created: 2018-06-30
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requires: 1102
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---
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## Summary
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This proposal formalizes an Ethereum Provider JavaScript API.
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The provider is designed to be minimal, containing 3 methods: `send`, `subscribe`, and `unsubscribe`. It emits 4 types of events: `connect`, `close`, `networkChanged`, and `accountsChanged`.
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## API
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### Send
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```js
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ethereum.send(method: String, params?: Array<any>): Promise<any>;
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```
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Promise resolves with `result` or rejects with `Error`.
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See the [available methods](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JSON-RPC#json-rpc-methods).
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### Subscriptions
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#### Subscribe
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```js
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ethereum.subscribe(subscriptionType: String, params?: Array<any>): Promise<any>;
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```
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Promise resolves with `subscriptionId: String` or rejects with `Error`.
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See the [types of subscriptions](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/RPC-PUB-SUB#supported-subscriptions).
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Results emit on `subscriptionId` using [EventEmitter](https://nodejs.org/api/events.html). Attach listeners with:
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```js
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ethereum.on(subscriptionId, listener: (result: any) => void): this;
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```
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The event emits with `result`, the subscription `result` or an `Error` object.
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#### Unsubscribe
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```js
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ethereum.unsubscribe(subscriptionId: String): Promise<Boolean|Error>;
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```
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Promise resolves with `success: Boolean` or rejects with `Error`.
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All [EventEmitter](https://nodejs.org/api/events.html) listeners on `subscriptionId` will also be removed.
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### Events
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Events are emitted using [EventEmitter](https://nodejs.org/api/events.html).
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#### connect
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The provider emits `connect` on connect to a network.
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```js
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ethereum.on('connect', listener: () => void): this;
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```
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You can detect which network by sending `net_version`:
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```js
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const network = await ethereum.send('net_version');
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> '1'
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```
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#### close
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The provider emits `close` on disconnect from a network.
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```js
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ethereum.on('close', listener: (code: Number, reason: String) => void): this;
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```
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The event emits with `code` and `reason`. The code follows the table of [`CloseEvent` status codes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CloseEvent#Status_codes).
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#### networkChanged
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The provider emits `networkChanged` on connect to a new network.
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```js
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ethereum.on('networkChanged', listener: (networkId: String) => void): this;
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```
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The event emits with `networkId`, the new network returned from `net_version`.
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#### accountsChanged
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The provider emits `accountsChanged` if the accounts returned from the provider (`eth_accounts`) changes.
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```js
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ethereum.on('accountsChanged', listener: (accounts: Array<String>) => void): this;
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```
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The event emits with `accounts`, an array of the accounts' public keys.
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### Constructor
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```js
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ethereum.constructor.name;
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> 'EthereumProvider'
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```
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## Examples
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```js
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// Request Ethereum Provider (EIP 1102)
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window.addEventListener('message', event => {
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if (event.data && event.data.type === 'ETHEREUM_PROVIDER_SUCCESS') {
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start(window.ethereum);
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}
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});
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window.postMessage({ type: 'ETHEREUM_PROVIDER_REQUEST' }, this.origin);
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function start(ethereum) {
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// A) Primary use case - set provider in web3.js
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web3.setProvider(ethereum);
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// B) Secondary use case - use provider object directly
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// Example: Log accounts
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ethereum
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.send('eth_accounts')
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.then(accounts => {
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console.log(`Accounts:\n${accounts.join('\n')}`);
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})
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.catch(error => {
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console.error(
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`Error fetching accounts: ${error.message}.
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Code: ${error.code}. Data: ${error.data}`
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);
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});
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// Example: Log last block
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ethereum
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.send('eth_getBlockByNumber', ['latest', 'true'])
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.then(block => {
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console.log(`Block ${block.number}:\n${block}`);
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})
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.catch(error => {
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console.error(
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`Error fetching last block: ${error.message}.
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Code: ${error.code}. Data: ${error.data}`
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);
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});
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// Example: Log new blocks
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let subId;
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ethereum
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.subscribe('newHeads')
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.then(subscriptionId => {
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subId = subscriptionId;
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ethereum.on(subscriptionId, block => {
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if (result instanceOf Error) {
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const error = result;
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console.error(
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`Error from newHeads subscription: ${error.message}.
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Code: ${error.code}. Data: ${error.data}`
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);
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} else {
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console.log(`New block ${block.number}:\n${block}`);
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}
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});
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})
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.catch(error => {
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console.error(
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`Error making newHeads subscription: ${error.message}.
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Code: ${error.code}. Data: ${error.data}`
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);
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});
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// to unsubscribe
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ethereum
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.unsubscribe(subId)
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.then(result => {
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console.log(`Unsubscribed newHeads subscription ${subscriptionId}`);
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})
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.catch(error => {
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console.error(
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`Error unsubscribing newHeads subscription: ${error.message}.
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Code: ${error.code}. Data: ${error.data}`
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);
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});
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// Example: Log when accounts change
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const logAccounts = accounts => {
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console.log(`Accounts:\n${accounts.join('\n')}`);
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};
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ethereum.on('accountsChanged', logAccounts);
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// to unsubscribe
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ethereum.removeListener('accountsChanged', logAccounts);
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// Example: Log if connection ends
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ethereum.on('close', (code, reason) => {
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console.log(
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`Ethereum provider connection closed: ${reason}. Code: ${code}`
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);
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});
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}
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```
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## Specification
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### Send
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The `send` method **MUST** send a properly formatted [JSON-RPC request](https://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#request_object).
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If the Ethereum JSON-RPC API returns a response object with no error, then the Promise **MUST** resolve with the `response.result` object untouched by the implementing Ethereum Provider.
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If the Ethereum JSON-RPC API returns response object that contains an error property then the Promise **MUST** be rejected with an Error object containing the `response.error.message` as the Error message, `response.error.code` as a code property on the error and `response.error.data` as a data property on the error.
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If an error occurs during processing, such as an HTTP error or internal parsing error then the Promise **MUST** be rejected with an Error object containing a human readable string message describing the error and **SHOULD** populate the `code` and `data` properties on the error object with additional error details.
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If the implementing Ethereum Provider is not talking to an external Ethereum JSON-RPC API provider then it **MUST** resolve with an object that matches the JSON-RPC API object as specified in the [Ethereum JSON-RPC documentation](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/JSON-RPC). In case of an error, ensure that the Promise is rejected with an Error that matches the above shape.
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### Subscriptions
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The `subscribe` method **MUST** send a properly formatted [JSON-RPC request](https://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#request_object) with method `eth_subscribe` and params `[subscriptionType: String, {...params: Array<any>}]` and **MUST** return a Promise that resolves with `subscriptionId: String` or rejected with an Error object containing a human readable string message describing the error and **SHOULD** populate the `code` and `data` properties on the error object with additional error details.
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The `unsubscribe` method **MUST** send a properly formatted [JSON-RPC request](https://www.jsonrpc.org/specification#request_object) with method `eth_unsubscribe` and params `[subscriptionId: String]` and **MUST** return a Promise that resolves with `result: Boolean` or rejected with an Error object containing a human readable string message describing the error and **SHOULD** populate the `code` and `data` properties on the error object with additional error details.
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If the `unsubscribe` method returns successfully with a `True` result, the implementing provider **MUST** remove all listeners on the `subscriptionId` using `ethereum.removeAllListeners(subscriptionId);`.
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If an error occurs during processing of the subscription, such as an HTTP error or internal parsing error then the Promise **MUST** return with an Error object containing a human readable string message describing the error and **SHOULD** populate the `code` and `data` properties on the error object with additional error details.
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The implementing Ethereum Provider **MUST** emit every subscription response `result` with the eventName `subscriptionId`.
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If an error occurs or the network changes during the listening of the subscription, the Ethereum Provider **MUST** emit an Error object to the eventName `subscriptionId` containing a human readable string message describing the error and **SHOULD** populate the `code` and `data` properties on the error object with additional error details.
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If the implementing provider does not support subscriptions, then it **MUST** leave the `subscribe` and `unsubscribe` methods undefined.
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### Events
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If the network connects, the Ethereum Provider **MUST** emit an event named `connect`.
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If the network connection closes, the Ethereum Provider **MUST** emit an event named `close` with args `code: Number, reason: String` using the [status codes for `CloseEvent`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CloseEvent#Status_codes) and a short human readable reason.
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If the network the Ethereum Provider is connected to changes, the Ethereum Provider **MUST** emit an event named `networkChanged` with args `networkId: String` containing the ID of the new network (using the Ethereum JSON-RPC call `net_version`).
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If the accounts connected to the Ethereum Provider change, the Ethereum Provider **MUST** send an event with the name `accountsChanged` with args `accounts: Array<String>` containing the accounts' public key(s).
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### Class
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The name of the constructor of the Ethereum Provider **MUST** be `EthereumProvider`.
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## Copyright
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Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).
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