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logos-tutorial/tutorial-qml-ui-app.md
2026-03-20 20:07:17 +01:00

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# Tutorial Part 2: Building a QML UI for Your Logos Module
This is Part 2 of the Logos module tutorial series. In [Part 1](tutorial-wrapping-c-library.md) you wrapped a C library as a Logos core module. Now you'll build a **QML user interface** that calls that module — first isolated with `nix run`, then packaged and loaded into `logos-basecamp`.
**What you'll build:** A `calc_ui` QML plugin with input fields and buttons that call `calc_module` methods (add, multiply, factorial, fibonacci) through the Logos bridge.
**What you'll learn:**
- How QML UI plugins work in the Logos platform
- The `logos.callModule()` bridge that connects QML to core modules
- The project structure and metadata for a QML plugin
- How to package and install your UI into `logos-basecamp`
**Prerequisites:**
- Completed [Part 1](tutorial-wrapping-c-library.md) — you have a working `calc_module`
- Nix with flakes enabled (same as Part 1)
- Basic familiarity with QML (Qt's declarative UI language)
---
## How QML UI Plugins Work
Before writing code, let's understand the architecture:
```
+-------------------+ logos.callModule() +-------------------+
| calc_ui | --------------------------> | calc_module |
| Main.qml (QML) | IPC (Qt Remote Objects) | C++ plugin |
+-------------------+ +-------------------+
^ ^
└──────────────── loaded by ───────────────────────┘
logos-basecamp / logos-standalone-app
```
Key points:
- **No compilation.** A QML plugin is just `.qml` files and a `metadata.json`.
- **Sandboxed.** No network access, no filesystem access outside the module directory.
- **The `logos` bridge** is injected by the host. Call core modules with `logos.callModule("module", "method", [args])`.
- **Entry point** is always `Main.qml`.
---
## Step 1: Scaffold
Use the QML module template from `logos-module-builder`:
```bash
mkdir logos-calc-ui && cd logos-calc-ui
nix flake init -t github:logos-co/logos-module-builder#ui-qml-module
git init && git add -A
```
This gives you:
```
logos-calc-ui/
├── flake.nix # Nix build + nix run support
├── metadata.json # Plugin metadata
└── Main.qml # Your UI (starter template)
```
---
## Step 2: Update `metadata.json`
Replace the template contents with your plugin's details:
```json
{
"name": "calc_ui",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "Calculator UI - QML frontend for the calc_module",
"type": "ui_qml",
"main": "Main.qml",
"dependencies": ["calc_module"],
"category": "tools",
"icon": "icons/calc.png"
}
```
The `dependencies` field tells the host to load `calc_module` before showing your UI.
---
## Step 3: Write `Main.qml`
Replace the starter file with the calculator UI:
```qml
import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
import QtQuick.Layouts
Item {
id: root
property string result: ""
property string errorText: ""
ColumnLayout {
anchors.fill: parent
anchors.margins: 24
spacing: 16
// ── Title ──────────────────────────────────────────────
Text {
text: "Logos Calculator"
font.pixelSize: 20
font.weight: Font.DemiBold
color: "#ffffff"
Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignHCenter
}
// ── Two-operand operations ─────────────────────────────
RowLayout {
spacing: 12
Layout.fillWidth: true
TextField {
id: inputA
placeholderText: "a"
Layout.preferredWidth: 80
validator: IntValidator {}
}
TextField {
id: inputB
placeholderText: "b"
Layout.preferredWidth: 80
validator: IntValidator {}
}
Button {
text: "Add"
onClicked: callTwoOp("add", inputA.text, inputB.text)
}
Button {
text: "Multiply"
onClicked: callTwoOp("multiply", inputA.text, inputB.text)
}
}
// ── Single-operand operations ──────────────────────────
RowLayout {
spacing: 12
Layout.fillWidth: true
TextField {
id: inputN
placeholderText: "n"
Layout.preferredWidth: 80
validator: IntValidator { bottom: 0 }
}
Button {
text: "Factorial"
onClicked: callOneOp("factorial", inputN.text)
}
Button {
text: "Fibonacci"
onClicked: callOneOp("fibonacci", inputN.text)
}
Button {
text: "libcalc version"
onClicked: callModule("libVersion", [])
}
}
// ── Result display ─────────────────────────────────────
Rectangle {
Layout.fillWidth: true
height: 56
color: root.errorText.length > 0 ? "#3d1a1a" : "#1a2d1a"
radius: 8
Text {
anchors.centerIn: parent
text: root.errorText.length > 0 ? root.errorText
: (root.result.length > 0 ? root.result : "Enter values and press a button")
color: root.errorText.length > 0 ? "#f85149" : "#56d364"
font.pixelSize: 15
}
}
Item { Layout.fillHeight: true }
}
// ── Logos bridge helpers ───────────────────────────────────
function callModule(method, args) {
root.errorText = ""
root.result = ""
if (typeof logos === "undefined" || !logos.callModule) {
root.errorText = "Logos bridge not available"
return
}
root.result = String(logos.callModule("calc_module", method, args))
}
function callTwoOp(method, a, b) {
if (a === "" || b === "") { root.errorText = "Enter values for a and b"; return }
callModule(method, [parseInt(a), parseInt(b)])
}
function callOneOp(method, n) {
if (n === "") { root.errorText = "Enter a value for n"; return }
callModule(method, [parseInt(n)])
}
}
```
The `logos` object is injected by the host at runtime. The `callModule` helper checks for it and routes calls through the IPC bridge to `calc_module`.
---
## Step 4: Update `flake.nix`
The template already has `logos-standalone-app` wired up. The only change needed is to update the description and pname:
```nix
{
description = "Calculator QML UI Plugin for Logos - frontend for calc_module";
inputs = {
logos-nix.url = "github:logos-co/logos-nix";
nixpkgs.follows = "logos-nix/nixpkgs";
logos-standalone-app.url = "github:logos-co/logos-standalone-app";
logos-standalone-app.inputs.logos-liblogos.inputs.nixpkgs.follows =
"logos-nix/nixpkgs";
};
outputs = { self, nixpkgs, logos-standalone-app, ... }:
let
systems = [ "aarch64-darwin" "x86_64-darwin" "aarch64-linux" "x86_64-linux" ];
forAllSystems = f: nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs systems (system: f {
pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; };
});
in {
packages = forAllSystems ({ pkgs }: let
plugin = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
pname = "logos-calc-ui-plugin";
version = "1.0.0";
src = ./.;
phases = [ "unpackPhase" "installPhase" ];
installPhase = ''
mkdir -p $out/lib/icons
cp $src/Main.qml $out/lib/Main.qml
cp $src/metadata.json $out/lib/metadata.json
if [ -f "$src/icons/calc.png" ]; then
cp $src/icons/calc.png $out/lib/icons/calc.png
fi
'';
};
in { default = plugin; lib = plugin; });
apps = forAllSystems ({ pkgs }:
let
standalone = logos-standalone-app.packages.${pkgs.system}.default;
plugin = self.packages.${pkgs.system}.default;
run = pkgs.writeShellScript "run-calc-ui-standalone" ''
exec ${standalone}/bin/logos-standalone "${plugin}/lib" "$@"
'';
in { default = { type = "app"; program = "${run}"; }; }
);
};
}
```
The `installPhase` copies only `Main.qml` and `metadata.json` to `$out/lib/`. The `apps` output wires up `logos-standalone-app` so `nix run .` works.
---
## Step 5: Test with `nix run`
### 5.1 UI only (layout preview)
```bash
git add -A
nix run .
```
The app opens immediately. No modules are loaded, so clicking buttons shows "Logos bridge not available" — but you can verify the layout and styling look correct.
### 5.2 Full functionality (with modules)
To test actual calls to `calc_module`, you need a modules directory with `capability_module` (required by all UI plugins) and `calc_module` installed via `lgpm`. Do this once:
```bash
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-package-manager-module#cli' --out-link ./pm
mkdir -p modules
# Install capability_module (required by all UI plugins)
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx' \
'github:logos-co/logos-capability-module' -o lgx-capability
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./modules install --file lgx-capability/*.lgx
# Bundle and install calc_module (from Part 1)
cd ../logos-calc-module
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx' '.#lib' -o lgx-result
cd ../logos-calc-ui
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./modules install --file ../logos-calc-module/lgx-result/*.lgx
```
Then run with the modules directory:
```bash
nix run . -- --modules-dir ./modules
```
Clicking **Add**, **Multiply**, **Factorial**, or **Fibonacci** now calls the real module.
---
## Step 6: Using the Logos Design System
`logos-basecamp` has `logos-design-system` on its QML import path. You can use its themed components directly without any extra setup in your module.
```qml
import Logos.Theme 1.0
import Logos.Controls 1.0
```
Replace the plain `Button` and `TextField` with the styled equivalents:
```qml
// Instead of Button:
LogosButton {
text: "Add"
onClicked: callTwoOp("add", inputA.text, inputB.text)
}
// Instead of TextField:
LogosTextField {
id: inputA
placeholderText: "a"
}
// Use theme colors instead of hardcoded hex values:
Rectangle {
color: Theme.palette.backgroundSecondary
// ...
Text { color: Theme.palette.text }
}
```
Available components: `LogosButton`, `LogosTextField`, `LogosText`, `LogosTabButton`.
Available theme tokens via `Theme.palette`:
- Colors: `background`, `backgroundSecondary`, `backgroundMuted`, `text`, `textMuted`, `border`, `overlayOrange`
- Spacing: `Theme.spacing.radiusSmall`, `Theme.spacing.radiusXlarge`
- Typography: `Theme.typography.secondaryText`, `Theme.typography.weightMedium`
> **Note:** `Logos.Theme` and `Logos.Controls` are only available when running inside `logos-basecamp`. They are not available in `logos-standalone-app`. Use them only if you know your module will run in basecamp, or guard the import.
---
## Step 7: Load in `logos-basecamp`
### 7.1 Create LGX packages
Bundle both modules as portable LGX files:
```bash
# Package calc_module (from Part 1)
cd ../logos-calc-module
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx#portable' '.#lib' -o lgx-calc-module
cd ../logos-calc-ui
# Package the QML UI plugin
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx#portable' '.' -o lgx-calc-ui
```
### 7.2 Install via logos-basecamp UI
1. Open `logos-basecamp`
2. Go to **Package Manager**
3. Click **Install from file**
4. Select `lgx-calc-module/*.lgx` — installs `calc_module`
5. Repeat for `lgx-calc-ui/*.lgx` — installs `calc_ui`
The "Calculator UI" tab appears in the sidebar. Clicking it loads your `Main.qml`.
### 7.3 Install via CLI (alternative)
```bash
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-package-manager-module#cli' --out-link ./pm
./pm/bin/lgpm install --file lgx-calc-module/*.lgx
./pm/bin/lgpm install --file lgx-calc-ui/*.lgx
```
### 7.4 Build logos-basecamp from source
Build a local `logos-basecamp` binary, then use `lgpm` to populate a modules directory and run it:
```bash
# Build logos-basecamp
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-basecamp' -o basecamp-result
# Create module directories
mkdir -p modules ui-plugins
# Build lgpm CLI
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-package-manager-module#cli' --out-link ./pm
# Install capability_module (required by all UI plugins)
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx' \
'github:logos-co/logos-capability-module' -o lgx-capability
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./modules install --file lgx-capability/*.lgx
# Bundle and install calc_module (local, not portable)
cd ../logos-calc-module
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx' '.#lib' -o lgx-calc-module-local
cd ../logos-calc-ui
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./modules install --file ../logos-calc-module/lgx-calc-module-local/*.lgx
# Bundle and install the QML UI plugin
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx' '.' -o lgx-calc-ui-local
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./ui-plugins install --file lgx-calc-ui-local/*.lgx
# Run basecamp with the populated directories
./basecamp-result/bin/logos-basecamp \
--modules-dir ./modules \
--ui-plugins-dir ./ui-plugins
```
> **Local vs portable:** A locally-built `logos-basecamp` (via `nix build`) expects **local** `.lgx` packages (built without `#portable`). Portable builds (AppImage, macOS app bundle) expect **portable** `.lgx` packages.
### 7.5 Live reloading
For rapid iteration on QML, use development mode. This watches your source files and reloads on change:
```bash
QML_UI=$(pwd) logos-basecamp
```
Edit `Main.qml`, save, and the UI updates without rebuilding.
### 7.6 Testing without `logos-basecamp`
You can open `Main.qml` in any QML viewer (e.g., `qml` from Qt) to test the layout. The `logos` bridge won't be available, so clicking buttons will show "Logos bridge not available" — but you can verify the layout and styling work correctly.
```bash
# If you have Qt installed
qml Main.qml
```
---
## Step 8: Package for Distribution (Optional)
The LGX packages created in Step 7.2 are **local** packages — they contain `/nix/store` references and work on the machine that built them. To create **portable** packages for distribution to other machines, use the `#portable` bundler:
```bash
# Portable core module
cd ../logos-calc-module
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx#portable' '.#lib' -o lgx-portable
# Portable QML UI plugin
cd ../logos-calc-ui
nix bundle --bundler 'github:logos-co/nix-bundle-lgx#portable' '.' -o lgx-portable
```
Portable LGX packages are fully self-contained and can be installed on any machine with the Logos Package Manager:
```bash
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-package-manager-module#cli' --out-link ./pm
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./modules install --file calc_module.lgx
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir ./ui-plugins install --file calc_ui.lgx
```
> **Local vs portable:** Local builds of `logos-basecamp` (via `nix build`) expect **local** `.lgx` packages. Portable builds (AppImage, macOS app bundle) expect **portable** `.lgx` packages. See the [logos-basecamp README](https://github.com/logos-co/logos-basecamp/blob/master/README.md) for details.
---
## Recap
| | Core Module (Part 1) | QML UI Plugin (Part 2) |
|---|---|---|
| Language | C++ | QML / JavaScript |
| Files | `.cpp`, `.h`, `CMakeLists.txt`, `module.yaml` | `Main.qml`, `metadata.json` |
| Compilation | Yes (CMake → `.so`) | No (file copy) |
| `metadata.type` | `"core"` | `"ui_qml"` |
| Test command | `logoscore -m ./result/lib -l calc_module` | `nix run .` |
| Calls other modules | Via `LogosAPI*` (C++) | Via `logos.callModule()` (JS) |
---
## What's Next
- **Add more methods** to `calc_module` and call them from QML
- **Use Logos Design System** styled components for consistent look and feel
- **Build a C++ UI module** for cases where QML sandboxing is too restrictive — see [Developer Guide](logos-developer-guide.md), Section 7.2