logos-tutorial/tutorial-qml-ui-app.md

Tutorial Part 2: Building a QML UI for Your Logos Module

This is Part 2 of the Logos module tutorial series. In Part 1 you wrapped a C library as a Logos core module. Now you'll build a QML user interface that calls that module — first isolated with nix run, then packaged and loaded into logos-basecamp.

What you'll build: A calc_ui QML plugin with input fields and buttons that call calc_module methods (add, multiply, factorial, fibonacci) through the Logos bridge.

What you'll learn:

• How QML UI plugins work in the Logos platform
• The logos.callModule() bridge that connects QML to core modules
• The project structure and metadata for a QML plugin
• How to package and install your UI into logos-basecamp

Prerequisites:

• Completed Part 1 — you have a working calc_module
• Nix with flakes enabled (same as Part 1)
• Basic familiarity with QML (Qt's declarative UI language)

---

How QML UI Plugins Work

Before writing code, let's understand the architecture:

+-------------------+     logos.callModule()      +-------------------+
|    calc_ui        | --------------------------> |   calc_module     |
|  Main.qml (QML)   |     IPC (Qt Remote Objects) |   C++ plugin      |
+-------------------+                             +-------------------+
        ^                                                  ^
        └──────────────── loaded by ───────────────────────┘
                     logos-basecamp / logos-standalone-app

Key points:

• No compilation. A QML plugin is just .qml files and a metadata.json.
• Sandboxed. No network access, no filesystem access outside the module directory.
• The logos bridge is injected by the host. Call core modules with logos.callModule("module", "method", [args]).
• Entry point is defined by the required "view" field in metadata.json (for this tutorial it is Main.qml).

---

Step 1: Scaffold

Use the QML module template from logos-module-builder:

mkdir logos-calc-ui && cd logos-calc-ui
nix flake init -t github:logos-co/logos-module-builder#ui-qml
git init && git add -A

Note: The generated flake.nix uses an unpinned logos-module-builder URL. Replace it with the pinned version shown in Step 4 to ensure reproducible builds.

This gives you:

logos-calc-ui/
├── flake.nix       # Nix build + nix run support
├── metadata.json   # Plugin metadata
└── Main.qml        # Your UI (starter template)

---

Step 2: Update metadata.json

Replace the template contents with your plugin's details. The template may generate an extra nix section — keep it as-is, it's used by the builder:

{
  "name": "calc_ui",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Calculator UI - QML frontend for the calc_module",
  "type": "ui_qml",
  "view": "Main.qml",
  "dependencies": ["calc_module"],
  "category": "tools",
  "icon": "icons/calc.png",

  "nix": {
    "packages": {
      "build": [],
      "runtime": []
    },
    "external_libraries": [],
    "cmake": {
      "find_packages": [],
      "extra_sources": [],
      "extra_include_dirs": [],
      "extra_link_libraries": []
    }
  }
}

Create the icon directory and add a placeholder icon. The icon is displayed in the logos-basecamp sidebar when the module is loaded:

mkdir -p icons
# Copy any PNG here — or generate a 64×64 placeholder:
echo "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAEAAAABACAYAAACqaXHeAAAAmElEQVR4nO3QMREAIBDAsFeEN3ziCWRkoEP2XmedfX82OkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAK0BOkBrgA7QGqADtAboAO0BN/SiO/PatoIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" | base64 -d > icons/calc.png

The view field tells the host which QML file to load for the UI. The dependencies field tells the host to load calc_module before showing your UI.

Naming convention: Each entry in dependencies must match the name field in that module's own metadata.json. When adding a dependency as a flake input, the input attribute name must also match the dependency name — e.g., calc_module.url = "github:logos-co/logos-tutorial?dir=logos-calc-module". The URL can point to any repo, but the attribute name is how the builder resolves dependencies.

---

Step 3: Write Main.qml

Replace the starter file with the calculator UI:

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Controls
import QtQuick.Layouts

Item {
    id: root

    property string result: ""
    property string errorText: ""

    ColumnLayout {
        anchors.fill: parent
        anchors.margins: 24
        spacing: 16

        // ── Title ──────────────────────────────────────────────
        Text {
            text: "Logos Calculator"
            font.pixelSize: 20
            font.weight: Font.DemiBold
            color: "#ffffff"
            Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignHCenter
        }

        // ── Two-operand operations ─────────────────────────────
        RowLayout {
            spacing: 12
            Layout.fillWidth: true

            TextField {
                id: inputA
                placeholderText: "a"
                Layout.preferredWidth: 80
                validator: IntValidator {}
            }

            TextField {
                id: inputB
                placeholderText: "b"
                Layout.preferredWidth: 80
                validator: IntValidator {}
            }

            Button {
                text: "Add"
                onClicked: callTwoOp("add", inputA.text, inputB.text)
            }

            Button {
                text: "Multiply"
                onClicked: callTwoOp("multiply", inputA.text, inputB.text)
            }
        }

        // ── Single-operand operations ──────────────────────────
        RowLayout {
            spacing: 12
            Layout.fillWidth: true

            TextField {
                id: inputN
                placeholderText: "n"
                Layout.preferredWidth: 80
                validator: IntValidator { bottom: 0 }
            }

            Button {
                text: "Factorial"
                onClicked: callOneOp("factorial", inputN.text)
            }

            Button {
                text: "Fibonacci"
                onClicked: callOneOp("fibonacci", inputN.text)
            }

            Button {
                text: "libcalc version"
                onClicked: callModule("libVersion", [])
            }
        }

        // ── Result display ─────────────────────────────────────
        Rectangle {
            Layout.fillWidth: true
            height: 56
            color: root.errorText.length > 0 ? "#3d1a1a" : "#1a2d1a"
            radius: 8

            Text {
                anchors.centerIn: parent
                text: root.errorText.length > 0 ? root.errorText
                        : (root.result.length > 0 ? root.result : "Enter values and press a button")
                color: root.errorText.length > 0 ? "#f85149" : "#56d364"
                font.pixelSize: 15
            }
        }

        Item { Layout.fillHeight: true }
    }

    // ── Logos bridge helpers ───────────────────────────────────

    function callModule(method, args) {
        root.errorText = ""
        root.result = ""

        if (typeof logos === "undefined" || !logos.callModule) {
            root.errorText = "Logos bridge not available"
            return
        }

        root.result = String(logos.callModule("calc_module", method, args))
    }

    function callTwoOp(method, a, b) {
        if (a === "" || b === "") { root.errorText = "Enter values for a and b"; return }
        callModule(method, [parseInt(a), parseInt(b)])
    }

    function callOneOp(method, n) {
        if (n === "") { root.errorText = "Enter a value for n"; return }
        callModule(method, [parseInt(n)])
    }
}

The logos object is injected by the host at runtime. The callModule helper checks for it and routes calls through the IPC bridge to calc_module.

---

Step 4: Update flake.nix

The template already has everything wired up. Update the description and add calc_module as a dependency input:

{
  description = "Calculator QML UI Plugin for Logos - frontend for calc_module";

  inputs = {
    logos-module-builder.url = "github:logos-co/logos-module-builder";
    calc_module.url = "github:logos-co/logos-tutorial?dir=logos-calc-module";  # must match dependency name in metadata.json
  };

  outputs = inputs@{ logos-module-builder, ... }:
    logos-module-builder.lib.mkLogosQmlModule {
      src = ./.;
      configFile = ./metadata.json;
      flakeInputs = inputs;
    };
}

mkLogosQmlModule handles everything — it stages QML files, metadata, and icons into a plugin directory, bundles all module dependencies (direct and transitive) from their LGX packages, and automatically wires up apps.default so nix run . launches the UI in a standalone window with all required backend modules self-contained. flakeInputs = inputs passes all inputs so that dependencies declared in metadata.json are resolved automatically — note that the input attribute name (calc_module) must match the dependency name.

---

Step 5: Test with nix run

5.1 UI only (layout preview)

git add -A
nix flake update   # regenerate flake.lock to match the pinned inputs in flake.nix
git add flake.lock
nix run .

The app opens immediately. No modules are loaded, so clicking buttons shows "Logos bridge not available" — but you can verify the layout and styling look correct.

5.2 Full functionality (with modules)

The standalone app automatically bundles and loads all module dependencies declared in metadata.json. To test with your local calc_module from Part 1:

nix run . --override-input calc_module path:../logos-calc-module

Clicking Add, Multiply, Factorial, or Fibonacci now calls the real module.

---

Step 6: Using the Logos Design System

logos-basecamp has logos-design-system on its QML import path. You can use its themed components directly without any extra setup in your module.

import Logos.Theme 1.0
import Logos.Controls 1.0

Replace the plain Button and TextField with the styled equivalents:

// Instead of Button:
LogosButton {
    text: "Add"
    onClicked: callTwoOp("add", inputA.text, inputB.text)
}

// Instead of TextField:
LogosTextField {
    id: inputA
    placeholderText: "a"
}

// Use theme colors instead of hardcoded hex values:
Rectangle {
    color: Theme.palette.backgroundSecondary
    // ...
    Text { color: Theme.palette.text }
}

Available components: LogosButton, LogosTextField, LogosText, LogosTabButton.

Available theme tokens via Theme.palette:

• Colors: background, backgroundSecondary, backgroundMuted, text, textMuted, border, overlayOrange
• Spacing: Theme.spacing.radiusSmall, Theme.spacing.radiusXlarge
• Typography: Theme.typography.secondaryText, Theme.typography.weightMedium

---

Step 7: Load in logos-basecamp

7.1 Bundle as LGX packages

Create .lgx packages for both dev and portable variants. Use --out-link to avoid overwriting the result symlink:

# Package calc_module (from Part 1)
cd ../logos-calc-module
nix build '.#lgx' --out-link result-lgx
nix build '.#lgx-portable' --out-link result-lgx-portable

# Package the QML UI plugin
cd ../logos-calc-ui
nix build '.#lgx' --out-link result-lgx
nix build '.#lgx-portable' --out-link result-lgx-portable

For more bundling options (standalone bundler syntax, cross-platform packaging), see the Developer Guide — Bundling with nix-bundle-lgx.

7.2 Build and run logos-basecamp

Build logos-basecamp, launch it once to preinstall its bundled modules, then install your modules.

Note: logos-basecamp does not accept --modules-dir or --ui-plugins-dir CLI flags. It manages its own data directory and preinstalls bundled modules (main_ui, package_manager, etc.) on first launch.

# Build logos-basecamp
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-basecamp' -o basecamp-result

# Launch once to preinstall bundled modules, then close it
./basecamp-result/bin/logos-basecamp

Basecamp creates its data directory on first launch. To find where it is, check the log output for plugins directory or look for the directory that contains modules/ and plugins/ subdirectories:

# macOS (typical path, may vary):
ls ~/Library/Application\ Support/Logos/

# Linux (typical path, may vary):
ls ~/.local/share/Logos/

The dev build directory is named LogosBasecampDev (portable builds use LogosBasecamp).

Install your modules using lgpm. First, set BASECAMP_DIR to your platform's path:

# macOS:
BASECAMP_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Logos/LogosBasecampDev"

# Linux:
BASECAMP_DIR="$HOME/.local/share/Logos/LogosBasecampDev"

# Build lgpm CLI
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-package-manager#cli' --out-link ./pm

# Install core module
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir "$BASECAMP_DIR/modules" \
  install --file ../logos-calc-module/result-lgx/*.lgx

# Install UI plugin
./pm/bin/lgpm --ui-plugins-dir "$BASECAMP_DIR/plugins" \
  install --file result-lgx/*.lgx

# Launch basecamp -- your modules appear alongside the built-in ones
./basecamp-result/bin/logos-basecamp

7.3 Portable basecamp build (optional)

The dev build above depends on nix store paths at runtime. For a self-contained portable build that works without nix:

# Build portable basecamp (bundles all Qt frameworks/libraries)
nix build 'github:logos-co/logos-basecamp#bin-bundle-dir' -o basecamp-portable

# Launch once to preinstall bundled modules
./basecamp-portable/bin/logos-basecamp

The portable build uses a different data directory (LogosBasecamp instead of LogosBasecampDev). Set BASECAMP_DIR to your platform's path:

# macOS:
BASECAMP_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Logos/LogosBasecamp"

# Linux:
BASECAMP_DIR="$HOME/.local/share/Logos/LogosBasecamp"

Install your modules using the portable .lgx variants:

# Install core module (use portable variant)
./pm/bin/lgpm --modules-dir "$BASECAMP_DIR/modules" \
  install --file ../logos-calc-module/result-lgx-portable/*.lgx

# Install UI plugin (use portable variant)
./pm/bin/lgpm --ui-plugins-dir "$BASECAMP_DIR/plugins" \
  install --file result-lgx-portable/*.lgx

# Launch
./basecamp-portable/bin/logos-basecamp

Important: Portable basecamp requires portable .lgx variants (result-lgx-portable), and the dev build requires dev variants (result-lgx). Mixing them will cause loading failures.

7.4 Install via logos-basecamp UI

Instead of using lgpm on the command line, you can install modules through the basecamp UI:

1. Launch logos-basecamp
2. Go to Package Manager
3. Click Install from file
4. Select ../logos-calc-module/result-lgx/*.lgx — installs calc_module
5. Repeat for result-lgx/*.lgx — installs calc_ui

The "Calculator UI" tab appears in the sidebar. Clicking it loads your Main.qml.

7.5 Live reloading with logos-standalone-app

For rapid iteration on QML without rebuilding, set QML_PATH to your QML source directory:

QML_PATH=$PWD nix run .

Edit Main.qml, close and re-run — changes appear immediately without nix build. When QML_PATH is set, the plugin loads QML files from the filesystem instead of from Qt resources, so your edits are picked up on each launch.

This does not work with logos-basecamp. Basecamp loads QML plugins from its own data directory, so changes to your source files are not reflected until you rebuild and reinstall the .lgx package.

7.6 Testing without any runtime

You can open Main.qml in any QML viewer (e.g., qml from Qt) to test the layout. The logos bridge won't be available, so clicking buttons will show "Logos bridge not available" -- but you can verify the layout and styling work correctly.

# If you have Qt installed
qml Main.qml

---

Known Limitations

QML-to-C++ type coercion

When calling C++ module methods from QML via logos.callModule(), arguments are passed through IPC as QVariant values. The runtime automatically coerces mismatched types to match the target method signature — for example, a double sent from QML will be converted to int if the method expects int, and numeric strings will be converted to their numeric types.

This means you can define methods with their natural parameter types (int, bool, double, etc.) and calls from QML will work without manual conversion:

// This works — the runtime coerces arguments automatically
Q_INVOKABLE int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

Note: Type coercion uses QVariant::convert(), which rounds (not truncates) when converting double to int — e.g., 3.7 becomes 4.

QML changes not appearing after rebuild

Qt caches compiled QML on disk. If you update your Main.qml, rebuild and reinstall the .lgx, but the old UI still appears, the cache is stale. Fix by disabling the cache before launching:

QML_DISABLE_DISK_CACHE=1 ./basecamp-result/bin/logos-basecamp

UI module not loading or basecamp behaving unexpectedly

When switching between portable and dev builds of basecamp, or running multiple basecamp instances, the data directory can get into a bad state (stale modules, mixed variants, corrupted preinstall). Clear it and let basecamp re-preinstall on next launch:

# Remove basecamp's data directory
# macOS:
rm -rf ~/Library/Application\ Support/Logos/LogosBasecampDev

# Linux:
rm -rf ~/.local/share/Logos/LogosBasecampDev

# Relaunch — basecamp will re-preinstall its bundled modules
./basecamp-result/bin/logos-basecamp

Then reinstall your custom modules.

---

Recap

	Core Module (Part 1)	QML UI Plugin (Part 2)
Language	C++	QML / JavaScript
Files	.cpp, .h, CMakeLists.txt, metadata.json	Main.qml, metadata.json
Compilation	Yes (CMake → .so)	No (file copy)
metadata.type	"core"	"ui_qml"
Test command	logoscore -m ./result/lib -l calc_module	nix run .
Calls other modules	Via LogosAPI* (C++)	Via logos.callModule() (JS)

---

What's Next

• Add more methods to calc_module and call them from QML
• Use Logos Design System styled components for consistent look and feel
• Build a C++ UI module for cases where QML sandboxing is too restrictive — see Developer Guide, Section 7.2