nwaku/apps/chat2/chat2.nim

## chat2 is an example of usage of Waku v2. For suggested usage options, please
## see dingpu tutorial in docs folder.

when not (compileOption("threads")):
  {.fatal: "Please, compile this program with the --threads:on option!".}

when (NimMajor, NimMinor) < (1, 4):
  {.push raises: [Defect].}
else:
  {.push raises: [].}

import std/[strformat, strutils, times, options, random]
import
  confutils,
  chronicles,
  chronos,
  stew/shims/net as stewNet,
  eth/keys,
  bearssl,
  stew/[byteutils, results],
  metrics,
  metrics/chronos_httpserver
import
  libp2p/[
    switch, # manage transports, a single entry point for dialing and listening
    crypto/crypto, # cryptographic functions
    stream/connection, # create and close stream read / write connections
    multiaddress,
      # encode different addressing schemes. For example, /ip4/7.7.7.7/tcp/6543 means it is using IPv4 protocol and TCP
    peerinfo,
      # manage the information of a peer, such as peer ID and public / private key
    peerid, # Implement how peers interact
    protobuf/minprotobuf, # message serialisation/deserialisation from and to protobufs
    nameresolving/dnsresolver,
  ] # define DNS resolution
import
  ../../waku/waku_core,
  ../../waku/waku_lightpush/common,
  ../../waku/waku_lightpush/rpc,
  ../../waku/waku_enr,
  ../../waku/discovery/waku_dnsdisc,
  ../../waku/waku_store_legacy,
  ../../waku/waku_node,
  ../../waku/node/waku_metrics,
  ../../waku/node/peer_manager,
  ../../waku/factory/builder,
  ../../waku/common/utils/nat,
  ../../waku/waku_relay,
  ./config_chat2

import libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/messages, libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub
import ../../waku/waku_rln_relay

const Help =
  """
  Commands: /[?|help|connect|nick|exit]
  help: Prints this help
  connect: dials a remote peer
  nick: change nickname for current chat session
  exit: exits chat session
"""

# XXX Connected is a bit annoying, because incoming connections don't trigger state change
# Could poll connection pool or something here, I suppose
# TODO Ensure connected turns true on incoming connections, or get rid of it
type Chat = ref object
  node: WakuNode # waku node for publishing, subscribing, etc
  transp: StreamTransport # transport streams between read & write file descriptor
  subscribed: bool # indicates if a node is subscribed or not to a topic
  connected: bool # if the node is connected to another peer
  started: bool # if the node has started
  nick: string # nickname for this chat session
  prompt: bool # chat prompt is showing
  contentTopic: string # default content topic for chat messages

type
  PrivateKey* = crypto.PrivateKey
  Topic* = waku_core.PubsubTopic

#####################
## chat2 protobufs ##
#####################

type
  SelectResult*[T] = Result[T, string]

  Chat2Message* = object
    timestamp*: int64
    nick*: string
    payload*: seq[byte]

proc init*(T: type Chat2Message, buffer: seq[byte]): ProtoResult[T] =
  var msg = Chat2Message()
  let pb = initProtoBuffer(buffer)

  var timestamp: uint64
  discard ?pb.getField(1, timestamp)
  msg.timestamp = int64(timestamp)

  discard ?pb.getField(2, msg.nick)
  discard ?pb.getField(3, msg.payload)

  ok(msg)

proc encode*(message: Chat2Message): ProtoBuffer =
  var serialised = initProtoBuffer()

  serialised.write(1, uint64(message.timestamp))
  serialised.write(2, message.nick)
  serialised.write(3, message.payload)

  return serialised

proc toString*(message: Chat2Message): string =
  # Get message date and timestamp in local time
  let time = message.timestamp.fromUnix().local().format("'<'MMM' 'dd,' 'HH:mm'>'")

  return time & " " & message.nick & ": " & string.fromBytes(message.payload)

#####################

proc connectToNodes(c: Chat, nodes: seq[string]) {.async.} =
  echo "Connecting to nodes"
  await c.node.connectToNodes(nodes)
  c.connected = true

proc showChatPrompt(c: Chat) =
  if not c.prompt:
    try:
      stdout.write(">> ")
      stdout.flushFile()
      c.prompt = true
    except IOError:
      discard

proc getChatLine(c: Chat, msg: WakuMessage): Result[string, string] =
  # No payload encoding/encryption from Waku
  let
    pb = Chat2Message.init(msg.payload)
    chatLine =
      if pb.isOk:
        pb[].toString()
      else:
        string.fromBytes(msg.payload)
  return ok(chatline)

proc printReceivedMessage(c: Chat, msg: WakuMessage) =
  let
    pb = Chat2Message.init(msg.payload)
    chatLine =
      if pb.isOk:
        pb[].toString()
      else:
        string.fromBytes(msg.payload)
  try:
    echo &"{chatLine}"
  except ValueError:
    # Formatting fail. Print chat line in any case.
    echo chatLine

  c.prompt = false
  showChatPrompt(c)
  trace "Printing message",
    topic = DefaultPubsubTopic, chatLine, contentTopic = msg.contentTopic

proc readNick(transp: StreamTransport): Future[string] {.async.} =
  # Chat prompt
  stdout.write("Choose a nickname >> ")
  stdout.flushFile()
  return await transp.readLine()

proc startMetricsServer(
    serverIp: IpAddress, serverPort: Port
): Result[MetricsHttpServerRef, string] =
  info "Starting metrics HTTP server", serverIp = $serverIp, serverPort = $serverPort

  let metricsServerRes = MetricsHttpServerRef.new($serverIp, serverPort)
  if metricsServerRes.isErr():
    return err("metrics HTTP server start failed: " & $metricsServerRes.error)

  let server = metricsServerRes.value
  try:
    waitFor server.start()
  except CatchableError:
    return err("metrics HTTP server start failed: " & getCurrentExceptionMsg())

  info "Metrics HTTP server started", serverIp = $serverIp, serverPort = $serverPort
  ok(metricsServerRes.value)

proc publish(c: Chat, line: string) =
  # First create a Chat2Message protobuf with this line of text
  let time = getTime().toUnix()
  let chat2pb =
    Chat2Message(timestamp: time, nick: c.nick, payload: line.toBytes()).encode()

  ## @TODO: error handling on failure
  proc handler(response: PushResponse) {.gcsafe, closure.} =
    trace "lightpush response received", response = response

  var message = WakuMessage(
    payload: chat2pb.buffer,
    contentTopic: c.contentTopic,
    version: 0,
    timestamp: getNanosecondTime(time),
  )
  if not isNil(c.node.wakuRlnRelay):
    # for future version when we support more than one rln protected content topic,
    # we should check the message content topic as well
    let appendRes = c.node.wakuRlnRelay.appendRLNProof(message, float64(time))
    if appendRes.isErr():
      debug "could not append rate limit proof to the message"
    else:
      debug "rate limit proof is appended to the message"
      let decodeRes = RateLimitProof.init(message.proof)
      if decodeRes.isErr():
        error "could not decode the RLN proof"

      let proof = decodeRes.get()
      # TODO move it to log after dogfooding
      let msgEpoch = fromEpoch(proof.epoch)
      if fromEpoch(c.node.wakuRlnRelay.lastEpoch) == msgEpoch:
        echo "--rln epoch: ",
          msgEpoch, " ⚠️ message rate violation! you are spamming the network!"
      else:
        echo "--rln epoch: ", msgEpoch
      # update the last epoch
      c.node.wakuRlnRelay.lastEpoch = proof.epoch

    try:
      if not c.node.wakuLightPush.isNil():
        # Attempt lightpush
        (waitFor c.node.lightpushPublish(some(DefaultPubsubTopic), message)).isOkOr:
          error "failed to publish lightpush message", error = error
      else:
        (waitFor c.node.publish(some(DefaultPubsubTopic), message)).isOkOr:
          error "failed to publish message", error = error
    except CatchableError:
      error "caught error publishing message: ", error = getCurrentExceptionMsg()

# TODO This should read or be subscribe handler subscribe
proc readAndPrint(c: Chat) {.async.} =
  while true:
    #    while p.connected:
    #      # TODO: echo &"{p.id} -> "
    #
    #      echo cast[string](await p.conn.readLp(1024))
    #echo "readAndPrint subscribe NYI"
    await sleepAsync(100.millis)

# TODO Implement
proc writeAndPrint(c: Chat) {.async.} =
  while true:
    # Connect state not updated on incoming WakuRelay connections
    #    if not c.connected:
    #      echo "type an address or wait for a connection:"
    #      echo "type /[help|?] for help"

    # Chat prompt
    showChatPrompt(c)

    let line = await c.transp.readLine()
    if line.startsWith("/help") or line.startsWith("/?") or not c.started:
      echo Help
      continue

    #    if line.startsWith("/disconnect"):
    #      echo "Ending current session"
    #      if p.connected and p.conn.closed.not:
    #        await p.conn.close()
    #      p.connected = false
    elif line.startsWith("/connect"):
      # TODO Should be able to connect to multiple peers for Waku chat
      if c.connected:
        echo "already connected to at least one peer"
        continue

      echo "enter address of remote peer"
      let address = await c.transp.readLine()
      if address.len > 0:
        await c.connectToNodes(@[address])
    elif line.startsWith("/nick"):
      # Set a new nickname
      c.nick = await readNick(c.transp)
      echo "You are now known as " & c.nick
    elif line.startsWith("/exit"):
      echo "quitting..."

      try:
        await c.node.stop()
      except:
        echo "exception happened when stopping: " & getCurrentExceptionMsg()

      quit(QuitSuccess)
    else:
      # XXX connected state problematic
      if c.started:
        c.publish(line)
        # TODO Connect to peer logic?
      else:
        try:
          if line.startsWith("/") and "p2p" in line:
            await c.connectToNodes(@[line])
        except:
          echo &"unable to dial remote peer {line}"
          echo getCurrentExceptionMsg()

proc readWriteLoop(c: Chat) {.async.} =
  asyncSpawn c.writeAndPrint() # execute the async function but does not block
  asyncSpawn c.readAndPrint()

proc readInput(wfd: AsyncFD) {.thread, raises: [Defect, CatchableError].} =
  ## This procedure performs reading from `stdin` and sends data over
  ## pipe to main thread.
  let transp = fromPipe(wfd)

  while true:
    let line = stdin.readLine()
    discard waitFor transp.write(line & "\r\n")

{.pop.}
  # @TODO confutils.nim(775, 17) Error: can raise an unlisted exception: ref IOError
proc processInput(rfd: AsyncFD, rng: ref HmacDrbgContext) {.async.} =
  let
    transp = fromPipe(rfd)
    conf = Chat2Conf.load()
    nodekey =
      if conf.nodekey.isSome():
        conf.nodekey.get()
      else:
        PrivateKey.random(Secp256k1, rng[]).tryGet()

  # set log level
  if conf.logLevel != LogLevel.NONE:
    setLogLevel(conf.logLevel)

  let natRes = setupNat(
    conf.nat,
    clientId,
    Port(uint16(conf.tcpPort) + conf.portsShift),
    Port(uint16(conf.udpPort) + conf.portsShift),
  )

  if natRes.isErr():
    raise newException(ValueError, "setupNat error " & natRes.error)

  let (extIp, extTcpPort, extUdpPort) = natRes.get()

  var enrBuilder = EnrBuilder.init(nodeKey)

  let recordRes = enrBuilder.build()
  let record =
    if recordRes.isErr():
      error "failed to create enr record", error = recordRes.error
      quit(QuitFailure)
    else:
      recordRes.get()

  let node = block:
    var builder = WakuNodeBuilder.init()
    builder.withNodeKey(nodeKey)
    builder.withRecord(record)

    builder
    .withNetworkConfigurationDetails(
      conf.listenAddress,
      Port(uint16(conf.tcpPort) + conf.portsShift),
      extIp,
      extTcpPort,
      wsBindPort = Port(uint16(conf.websocketPort) + conf.portsShift),
      wsEnabled = conf.websocketSupport,
      wssEnabled = conf.websocketSecureSupport,
    )
    .tryGet()
    builder.build().tryGet()

  await node.start()

  if conf.rlnRelayCredPath == "":
    raise newException(ConfigurationError, "rln-relay-cred-path MUST be passed")

  if conf.relay:
    await node.mountRelay(conf.topics.split(" "))

  await node.mountLibp2pPing()

  let nick = await readNick(transp)
  echo "Welcome, " & nick & "!"

  var chat = Chat(
    node: node,
    transp: transp,
    subscribed: true,
    connected: false,
    started: true,
    nick: nick,
    prompt: false,
    contentTopic: conf.contentTopic,
  )

  if conf.staticnodes.len > 0:
    echo "Connecting to static peers..."
    await connectToNodes(chat, conf.staticnodes)

  var dnsDiscoveryUrl = none(string)

  if conf.fleet != Fleet.none:
    # Use DNS discovery to connect to selected fleet
    echo "Connecting to " & $conf.fleet & " fleet using DNS discovery..."

    if conf.fleet == Fleet.test:
      dnsDiscoveryUrl = some(
        "enrtree://AOGYWMBYOUIMOENHXCHILPKY3ZRFEULMFI4DOM442QSZ73TT2A7VI@test.waku.nodes.status.im"
      )
    else:
      # Connect to sandbox by default
      dnsDiscoveryUrl = some(
        "enrtree://AIRVQ5DDA4FFWLRBCHJWUWOO6X6S4ZTZ5B667LQ6AJU6PEYDLRD5O@sandbox.waku.nodes.status.im"
      )
  elif conf.dnsDiscovery and conf.dnsDiscoveryUrl != "":
    # No pre-selected fleet. Discover nodes via DNS using user config
    debug "Discovering nodes using Waku DNS discovery", url = conf.dnsDiscoveryUrl
    dnsDiscoveryUrl = some(conf.dnsDiscoveryUrl)

  var discoveredNodes: seq[RemotePeerInfo]

  if dnsDiscoveryUrl.isSome:
    var nameServers: seq[TransportAddress]
    for ip in conf.dnsDiscoveryNameServers:
      nameServers.add(initTAddress(ip, Port(53))) # Assume all servers use port 53

    let dnsResolver = DnsResolver.new(nameServers)

    proc resolver(domain: string): Future[string] {.async, gcsafe.} =
      trace "resolving", domain = domain
      let resolved = await dnsResolver.resolveTxt(domain)
      return resolved[0] # Use only first answer

    var wakuDnsDiscovery = WakuDnsDiscovery.init(dnsDiscoveryUrl.get(), resolver)
    if wakuDnsDiscovery.isOk:
      let discoveredPeers = wakuDnsDiscovery.get().findPeers()
      if discoveredPeers.isOk:
        info "Connecting to discovered peers"
        discoveredNodes = discoveredPeers.get()
        echo "Discovered and connecting to " & $discoveredNodes
        waitFor chat.node.connectToNodes(discoveredNodes)
    else:
      warn "Failed to init Waku DNS discovery"

  let peerInfo = node.switch.peerInfo
  let listenStr = $peerInfo.addrs[0] & "/p2p/" & $peerInfo.peerId
  echo &"Listening on\n {listenStr}"

  if (conf.storenode != "") or (conf.store == true):
    await node.mountStore()

    var storenode: Option[RemotePeerInfo]

    if conf.storenode != "":
      let peerInfo = parsePeerInfo(conf.storenode)
      if peerInfo.isOk():
        storenode = some(peerInfo.value)
      else:
        error "Incorrect conf.storenode", error = peerInfo.error
    elif discoveredNodes.len > 0:
      echo "Store enabled, but no store nodes configured. Choosing one at random from discovered peers"
      storenode = some(discoveredNodes[rand(0 .. len(discoveredNodes) - 1)])

    if storenode.isSome():
      # We have a viable storenode. Let's query it for historical messages.
      echo "Connecting to storenode: " & $(storenode.get())

      node.mountLegacyStoreClient()
      node.peerManager.addServicePeer(storenode.get(), WakuStoreCodec)

      proc storeHandler(response: HistoryResponse) {.gcsafe.} =
        for msg in response.messages:
          let
            pb = Chat2Message.init(msg.payload)
            chatLine =
              if pb.isOk:
                pb[].toString()
              else:
                string.fromBytes(msg.payload)
          echo &"{chatLine}"
        info "Hit store handler"

      let queryRes = await node.query(HistoryQuery(contentTopics: @[chat.contentTopic]))
      if queryRes.isOk():
        storeHandler(queryRes.value)

  # NOTE Must be mounted after relay
  if conf.lightpushnode != "":
    let peerInfo = parsePeerInfo(conf.lightpushnode)
    if peerInfo.isOk():
      await mountLightPush(node)
      node.mountLightPushClient()
      node.peerManager.addServicePeer(peerInfo.value, WakuLightpushCodec)
    else:
      error "LightPush not mounted. Couldn't parse conf.lightpushnode",
        error = peerInfo.error

  if conf.filternode != "":
    let peerInfo = parsePeerInfo(conf.filternode)
    if peerInfo.isOk():
      await node.mountFilter()
      await node.mountFilterClient()

      proc filterHandler(
          pubsubTopic: PubsubTopic, msg: WakuMessage
      ) {.async, gcsafe, closure.} =
        trace "Hit filter handler", contentTopic = msg.contentTopic
        chat.printReceivedMessage(msg)

      # TODO: Here to support FilterV2 relevant subscription.
    else:
      error "Filter not mounted. Couldn't parse conf.filternode", error = peerInfo.error

  # Subscribe to a topic, if relay is mounted
  if conf.relay:
    proc handler(topic: PubsubTopic, msg: WakuMessage): Future[void] {.async, gcsafe.} =
      trace "Hit subscribe handler", topic

      if msg.contentTopic == chat.contentTopic:
        chat.printReceivedMessage(msg)

    node.subscribe(
      (kind: PubsubSub, topic: DefaultPubsubTopic), some(WakuRelayHandler(handler))
    )

    if conf.rlnRelay:
      info "WakuRLNRelay is enabled"

      proc spamHandler(wakuMessage: WakuMessage) {.gcsafe, closure.} =
        debug "spam handler is called"
        let chatLineResult = chat.getChatLine(wakuMessage)
        if chatLineResult.isOk():
          echo "A spam message is found and discarded : ", chatLineResult.value
        else:
          echo "A spam message is found and discarded"
        chat.prompt = false
        showChatPrompt(chat)

      echo "rln-relay preparation is in progress..."

      when defined(rln_v2):
        let rlnConf = WakuRlnConfig(
          rlnRelayDynamic: conf.rlnRelayDynamic,
          rlnRelayCredIndex: conf.rlnRelayCredIndex,
          rlnRelayEthContractAddress: conf.rlnRelayEthContractAddress,
          rlnRelayEthClientAddress: string(conf.rlnRelayethClientAddress),
          rlnRelayCredPath: conf.rlnRelayCredPath,
          rlnRelayCredPassword: conf.rlnRelayCredPassword,
          rlnRelayUserMessageLimit: conf.rlnRelayUserMessageLimit,
          rlnEpochSizeSec: conf.rlnEpochSizeSec,
        )
      else:
        let rlnConf = WakuRlnConfig(
          rlnRelayDynamic: conf.rlnRelayDynamic,
          rlnRelayCredIndex: conf.rlnRelayCredIndex,
          rlnRelayEthContractAddress: conf.rlnRelayEthContractAddress,
          rlnRelayEthClientAddress: string(conf.rlnRelayethClientAddress),
          rlnRelayCredPath: conf.rlnRelayCredPath,
          rlnRelayCredPassword: conf.rlnRelayCredPassword,
          rlnEpochSizeSec: conf.rlnEpochSizeSec,
        )

      waitFor node.mountRlnRelay(rlnConf, spamHandler = some(spamHandler))

      let membershipIndex = node.wakuRlnRelay.groupManager.membershipIndex.get()
      let identityCredential = node.wakuRlnRelay.groupManager.idCredentials.get()
      echo "your membership index is: ", membershipIndex
      echo "your rln identity commitment key is: ",
        identityCredential.idCommitment.inHex()
    else:
      info "WakuRLNRelay is disabled"
      echo "WakuRLNRelay is disabled, please enable it by passing in the --rln-relay flag"
  if conf.metricsLogging:
    startMetricsLog()

  if conf.metricsServer:
    let metricsServer = startMetricsServer(
      conf.metricsServerAddress, Port(conf.metricsServerPort + conf.portsShift)
    )

  await chat.readWriteLoop()

  if conf.keepAlive:
    node.startKeepalive()

  runForever()

proc main(rng: ref HmacDrbgContext) {.async.} =
  let (rfd, wfd) = createAsyncPipe()
  if rfd == asyncInvalidPipe or wfd == asyncInvalidPipe:
    raise newException(ValueError, "Could not initialize pipe!")

  var thread: Thread[AsyncFD]
  thread.createThread(readInput, wfd)
  try:
    await processInput(rfd, rng)
  # Handle only ConfigurationError for now
  # TODO: Throw other errors from the mounting procedure
  except ConfigurationError as e:
    raise e

when isMainModule: # isMainModule = true when the module is compiled as the main file
  let rng = crypto.newRng()
  try:
    waitFor(main(rng))
  except CatchableError as e:
    raise e

## Dump of things that can be improved:
##
## - Incoming dialed peer does not change connected state (not relying on it for now)
## - Unclear if staticnode argument works (can enter manually)
## - Don't trigger self / double publish own messages
## - Integrate store protocol (fetch messages in beginning)
## - Integrate filter protocol (default/option to be light node, connect to filter node)
## - Test/default to cluster node connection (diff protocol version)
## - Redirect logs to separate file
## - Expose basic publish/subscribe etc commands with /syntax
## - Show part of peerid to know who sent message
## - Deal with protobuf messages (e.g. other chat protocol, or encrypted)