Reduce Buffer usage in ENR module (#522)

.mocharc.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "extension": ["ts"],
   "spec": "src/**/*.spec.ts",
-  "require": ["ts-node/register", "isomorphic-fetch"],
+  "require": ["ts-node/register", "isomorphic-fetch", "jsdom-global/register"],
   "exit": true
 }

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ### Removed
 
-- axios dependency in favour of fetch.
+- `axios` dependency in favour of fetch.
+- `base64url` and `bigint-buffer` dependencies.
 
 ## [0.16.0] - 2022-01-31
 

package.json

@@ -51,15 +51,13 @@
     "doc:cname": "echo 'js-waku.wakuconnect.dev' > build/docs/CNAME",
     "doc:examples": "mkdir -p build/docs/examples",
     "deploy": "node ci/deploy.js",
-    "reset-hard": "git clean -dfx && git reset --hard && npm i && npm run build && for d in examples/*; do (cd $d; npm i); done"
+    "reset-hard": "git clean -dfx && git reset --hard && npm i && npm run build && for d in examples/*/; do (cd $d; npm i); done"
   },
   "engines": {
     "node": ">=16"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@chainsafe/libp2p-noise": "^5.0.0",
-    "base64url": "^3.0.1",
-    "bigint-buffer": "^1.1.5",
     "debug": "^4.3.1",
     "dns-query": "^0.8.0",
     "ecies-geth": "^1.5.2",
@@ -107,6 +105,8 @@
     "fast-check": "^2.14.0",
     "gh-pages": "^3.2.3",
     "isomorphic-fetch": "^3.0.0",
+    "jsdom": "^19.0.0",
+    "jsdom-global": "^3.0.2",
     "karma": "^6.3.12",
     "karma-chrome-launcher": "^3.1.0",
     "karma-env-preprocessor": "^0.1.1",

src/index.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ export * as discovery from "./lib/discovery";
 
 export * as enr from "./lib/enr";
 
+export * as utf8 from "./lib/utf8";
+
 export * as utils from "./lib/utils";
 
 export * as waku from "./lib/waku";

src/lib/discovery/dns.spec.ts

@@ -183,10 +183,7 @@ describe("DNS Node Discovery [live data]", function () {
   const maxQuantity = 3;
 
   before(function () {
-    if (
+    if (process.env.CI || window?.__env__?.CI) {
-      process.env.CI ||
-      (typeof window !== "undefined" && window?.__env__?.CI)
-    ) {
       this.skip();
     }
   });

src/lib/discovery/enrtree.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 import assert from "assert";
 
-import base64url from "base64url";
 import * as base32 from "hi-base32";
 import { ecdsaVerify } from "secp256k1";
 
 import { ENR } from "../enr";
-import { keccak256Buf } from "../utils";
+import { base64ToBytes, keccak256Buf } from "../utils";
 
 export type ENRRootValues = {
   eRoot: string;
@@ -43,15 +42,12 @@ export class ENRTree {
     // (Trailing recovery bit must be trimmed to pass `ecdsaVerify` method)
     const signedComponent = root.split(" sig")[0];
     const signedComponentBuffer = Buffer.from(signedComponent);
-    const signatureBuffer = base64url
+    const signatureBuffer = base64ToBytes(rootValues.signature).slice(0, 64);
-      .toBuffer(rootValues.signature)
-      .slice(0, 64);
-    const keyBuffer = Buffer.from(decodedPublicKey);
 
     const isVerified = ecdsaVerify(
       signatureBuffer,
       keccak256Buf(signedComponentBuffer),
-      keyBuffer
+      new Uint8Array(decodedPublicKey)
     );
 
     assert(isVerified, "Unable to verify ENRTree root signature");

src/lib/discovery/index.spec.ts

@@ -45,10 +45,7 @@ describe("Discovery", () => {
 
 describe("Discovery [live data]", function () {
   before(function () {
-    if (
+    if (process.env.CI || window?.__env__?.CI) {
-      process.env.CI ||
-      (typeof window !== "undefined" && window?.__env__?.CI)
-    ) {
       this.skip();
     }
   });

src/lib/enr/create.ts

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ import { bytesToHex } from "../utils";
 
 import { NodeId } from "./types";
 
-export function createNodeId(buffer: Buffer): NodeId {
+export function createNodeId(bytes: Uint8Array): NodeId {
-  if (buffer.length !== 32) {
+  if (bytes.length !== 32) {
     throw new Error("NodeId must be 32 bytes in length");
   }
-  return bytesToHex(buffer);
+  return bytesToHex(bytes);
 }

src/lib/enr/enr.spec.ts

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
           "/onion3/vww6ybal4bd7szmgncyruucpgfkqahzddi37ktceo3ah7ngmcopnpyyd:1234/wss"
         ),
       ];
-      const txt = enr.encodeTxt(keypair.privateKey);
+      const txt = await enr.encodeTxt(keypair.privateKey);
-      expect(txt.slice(0, 4)).to.be.equal("enr:");
+
       const enr2 = ENR.decodeTxt(txt);
       expect(bytesToHex(enr2.signature as Buffer)).to.be.equal(
         bytesToHex(enr.signature as Buffer)
@@ -87,17 +87,21 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
       expect(enr.ip).to.not.be.undefined;
       expect(enr.ip).to.be.equal("134.209.139.210");
       expect(enr.publicKey).to.not.be.undefined;
-      expect(enr.peerId.toB58String()).to.be.equal(
+      expect(enr.peerId?.toB58String()).to.be.equal(
         "16Uiu2HAmPLe7Mzm8TsYUubgCAW1aJoeFScxrLj8ppHFivPo97bUZ"
       );
     });
 
-    it("should throw error - no id", () => {
+    it("should throw error - no id", async () => {
       try {
-        const txt = Buffer.from(
+        const peerId = await PeerId.create({ keyType: "secp256k1" });
-          "656e723a2d435972595a62404b574342526c4179357a7a61445a584a42476b636e68344d486342465a6e75584e467264764a6a5830346a527a6a7a",
+        const enr = ENR.createFromPeerId(peerId);
-          "hex"
+        const keypair = createKeypairFromPeerId(peerId);
-        ).toString();
+        enr.setLocationMultiaddr(new Multiaddr("/ip4/18.223.219.100/udp/9000"));
+
+        enr.set("id", new Uint8Array([0]));
+        const txt = await enr.encodeTxt(keypair.privateKey);
+
         ENR.decodeTxt(txt);
         assert.fail("Expect error here");
       } catch (err: unknown) {
@@ -170,37 +174,6 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
     });
   });
 
-  describe("Fuzzing testcases", () => {
-    it("should throw error in invalid signature", () => {
-      const buf = Buffer.from(
-        "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",
-        "hex"
-      ).toString();
-      try {
-        ENR.decodeTxt(buf);
-      } catch (err: unknown) {
-        const e = err as Error;
-        expect(e.message).to.equal(
-          "Decoded ENR invalid signature: must be a byte array"
-        );
-      }
-    });
-    it("should throw error in invalid sequence number", () => {
-      const buf = Buffer.from(
-        "656e723a2d495334514b6b33ff583945717841337838334162436979416e537550444d764b353264433530486d31584744643574457951684d3356634a4c2d5062446b44673541507a5f706f76763022d48dcf992d5379716b306e616e636f4e572d656e7263713042676d6c6b676e5930676d6c77684838414141474a6332566a634449314e6d73786f514d31453579557370397638516a397476335a575843766146427672504e647a384b5049314e68576651577a494e315a4843434239410a",
-        "hex"
-      ).toString();
-      try {
-        ENR.decodeTxt(buf);
-      } catch (err: unknown) {
-        const e = err as Error;
-        expect(e.message).to.equal(
-          "Decoded ENR invalid sequence number: must be a byte array"
-        );
-      }
-    });
-  });
-
   describe("Static tests", () => {
     let privateKey: Buffer;
     let record: ENR;
@@ -212,9 +185,10 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
         "hex"
       );
       record = ENR.createV4(v4.publicKey(privateKey));
-      record.set("ip", Buffer.from("7f000001", "hex"));
+      record.setLocationMultiaddr(new Multiaddr("/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/30303"));
-      record.set("udp", Buffer.from((30303).toString(16), "hex"));
       record.seq = seq;
+      // To set signature
+      record.encode(privateKey);
     });
 
     it("should properly compute the node id", () => {
@@ -228,7 +202,7 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
       expect(decoded).to.deep.equal(record);
     });
 
-    it("should encode/decode to text encoding", () => {
+    it("should encode/decode to text encoding", async () => {
       // spec enr https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-778
       const testTxt =
         "enr:-IS4QHCYrYZbAKWCBRlAy5zzaDZXJBGkcnh4MHcBFZntXNFrdvJjX04jRzjzCBOonrkTfj499SZuOh8R33Ls8RRcy5wBgmlkgnY0gmlwhH8AAAGJc2VjcDI1NmsxoQPKY0yuDUmstAHYpMa2_oxVtw0RW_QAdpzBQA8yWM0xOIN1ZHCCdl8";
@@ -236,7 +210,8 @@ describe("ENR", function () {
       expect(decoded.udp).to.be.equal(30303);
       expect(decoded.ip).to.be.equal("127.0.0.1");
       expect(decoded).to.deep.equal(record);
-      expect(record.encodeTxt(privateKey)).to.equal(testTxt);
+      const recordTxt = await record.encodeTxt(privateKey);
+      expect(recordTxt).to.equal(testTxt);
     });
   });
 

src/lib/enr/enr.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-import base64url from "base64url";
-import { toBigIntBE } from "bigint-buffer";
 import { Multiaddr, protocols } from "multiaddr";
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
 // @ts-ignore: No types available
@@ -8,12 +6,10 @@ import PeerId from "peer-id";
 import * as RLP from "rlp";
 import { encode as varintEncode } from "varint";
 
-import {
+import { bytesToUtf8, utf8ToBytes } from "../utf8";
-  ERR_INVALID_ID,
+import { base64ToBytes, bytesToBase64, bytesToHex } from "../utils";
-  ERR_NO_SIGNATURE,
+
-  MAX_RECORD_SIZE,
+import { ERR_INVALID_ID, ERR_NO_SIGNATURE, MAX_RECORD_SIZE } from "./constants";
-  MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE,
-} from "./constants";
 import {
   createKeypair,
   createKeypairFromPeerId,
@@ -21,28 +17,32 @@ import {
   IKeypair,
   KeypairType,
 } from "./keypair";
+import { decodeMultiaddrs, encodeMultiaddrs } from "./multiaddrs_codec";
 import { ENRKey, ENRValue, NodeId, SequenceNumber } from "./types";
 import * as v4 from "./v4";
 
 export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
   public static readonly RECORD_PREFIX = "enr:";
   public seq: SequenceNumber;
-  public signature: Buffer | null;
+  public signature: Uint8Array | null;
 
   constructor(
     kvs: Record<ENRKey, ENRValue> = {},
     seq: SequenceNumber = 1n,
-    signature: Buffer | null = null
+    signature: Uint8Array | null = null
   ) {
     super(Object.entries(kvs));
     this.seq = seq;
     this.signature = signature;
   }
 
-  static createV4(publicKey: Buffer, kvs: Record<ENRKey, ENRValue> = {}): ENR {
+  static createV4(
+    publicKey: Uint8Array,
+    kvs: Record<ENRKey, ENRValue> = {}
+  ): ENR {
     return new ENR({
       ...kvs,
-      id: Buffer.from("v4"),
+      id: utf8ToBytes("v4"),
       secp256k1: publicKey,
     });
   }
@@ -78,9 +78,13 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     }
     const obj: Record<ENRKey, ENRValue> = {};
     for (let i = 0; i < kvs.length; i += 2) {
-      obj[kvs[i].toString()] = Buffer.from(kvs[i + 1]);
+      obj[kvs[i].toString()] = new Uint8Array(kvs[i + 1]);
     }
-    const enr = new ENR(obj, toBigIntBE(seq), signature);
+    const enr = new ENR(
+      obj,
+      BigInt("0x" + bytesToHex(seq)),
+      new Uint8Array(signature)
+    );
 
     if (!enr.verify(RLP.encode([seq, ...kvs]), signature)) {
       throw new Error("Unable to verify ENR signature");
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     return enr;
   }
 
-  static decode(encoded: Buffer): ENR {
+  static decode(encoded: Uint8Array): ENR {
     const decoded = RLP.decode(encoded) as unknown as Buffer[];
     return ENR.decodeFromValues(decoded);
   }
@@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
         `"string encoded ENR must start with '${this.RECORD_PREFIX}'`
       );
     }
-    return ENR.decode(base64url.toBuffer(encoded.slice(4)));
+    return ENR.decode(base64ToBytes(encoded.slice(4)));
   }
 
   set(k: ENRKey, v: ENRValue): this {
@@ -109,9 +113,9 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
   }
 
   get id(): string {
-    const id = this.get("id") as Buffer;
+    const id = this.get("id");
     if (!id) throw new Error("id not found.");
-    return id.toString("utf8");
+    return bytesToUtf8(id);
   }
 
   get keypairType(): KeypairType {
@@ -123,27 +127,31 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     }
   }
 
-  get publicKey(): Buffer {
+  get publicKey(): Uint8Array | undefined {
     switch (this.id) {
       case "v4":
-        return this.get("secp256k1") as Buffer;
+        return this.get("secp256k1");
       default:
         throw new Error(ERR_INVALID_ID);
     }
   }
 
-  get keypair(): IKeypair {
+  get keypair(): IKeypair | undefined {
-    return createKeypair(this.keypairType, undefined, this.publicKey);
+    if (this.publicKey) {
+      const publicKey = this.publicKey;
+      return createKeypair(this.keypairType, undefined, publicKey);
+    }
+    return;
   }
 
-  get peerId(): PeerId {
+  get peerId(): PeerId | undefined {
-    return createPeerIdFromKeypair(this.keypair);
+    return this.keypair ? createPeerIdFromKeypair(this.keypair) : undefined;
   }
 
-  get nodeId(): NodeId {
+  get nodeId(): NodeId | undefined {
     switch (this.id) {
       case "v4":
-        return v4.nodeId(this.publicKey);
+        return this.publicKey ? v4.nodeId(this.publicKey) : undefined;
       default:
         throw new Error(ERR_INVALID_ID);
     }
@@ -266,32 +274,9 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
   get multiaddrs(): Multiaddr[] | undefined {
     const raw = this.get("multiaddrs");
 
-    if (raw) {
+    if (raw) return decodeMultiaddrs(raw);
-      const multiaddrs = [];
 
-      try {
+    return;
-        let index = 0;
-
-        while (index < raw.length) {
-          const sizeBytes = raw.slice(index, index + 2);
-          const size = Buffer.from(sizeBytes).readUInt16BE(0);
-
-          const multiaddrBytes = raw.slice(
-            index + MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE,
-            index + size + MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE
-          );
-          const multiaddr = new Multiaddr(multiaddrBytes);
-
-          multiaddrs.push(multiaddr);
-          index += size + MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE;
-        }
-      } catch (e) {
-        throw new Error("Invalid value in multiaddrs field");
-      }
-      return multiaddrs;
-    } else {
-      return undefined;
-    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -303,37 +288,14 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
    *
    * If the peer information only contains information that can be represented with the ENR pre-defined keys
    * (ip, tcp, etc) then the usage of [[setLocationMultiaddr]] should be preferred.
-   *
+   * The multiaddresses stored in this field must be location multiaddresses,
-   * The multiaddresses stored in this field must to be location multiaddresses, ie, peer id less.
+   * ie, without a peer id.
    */
   set multiaddrs(multiaddrs: Multiaddr[] | undefined) {
     if (multiaddrs === undefined) {
       this.delete("multiaddrs");
     } else {
-      let multiaddrsBuf = Buffer.from([]);
+      const multiaddrsBuf = encodeMultiaddrs(multiaddrs);
-
-      multiaddrs.forEach((multiaddr) => {
-        if (multiaddr.getPeerId())
-          throw new Error("`multiaddr` field MUST not contain peer id");
-
-        const bytes = multiaddr.bytes;
-
-        let buf = Buffer.alloc(2);
-
-        // Prepend the size of the next entry
-        const written = buf.writeUInt16BE(bytes.length, 0);
-
-        if (written !== MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE) {
-          throw new Error(
-            `Internal error: unsigned 16-bit integer was not written in ${MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE} bytes`
-          );
-        }
-
-        buf = Buffer.concat([buf, bytes]);
-
-        multiaddrsBuf = Buffer.concat([multiaddrsBuf, buf]);
-      });
-
       this.set("multiaddrs", multiaddrsBuf);
     }
   }
@@ -427,9 +389,13 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
   getFullMultiaddr(
     protocol: "udp" | "udp4" | "udp6" | "tcp" | "tcp4" | "tcp6"
   ): Multiaddr | undefined {
+    if (this.peerId) {
       const locationMultiaddr = this.getLocationMultiaddr(protocol);
       if (locationMultiaddr) {
-      return locationMultiaddr.encapsulate(`/p2p/${this.peerId.toB58String()}`);
+        return locationMultiaddr.encapsulate(
+          `/p2p/${this.peerId.toB58String()}`
+        );
+      }
     }
     return;
   }
@@ -438,15 +404,16 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
    * Returns the full multiaddrs from the `multiaddrs` ENR field.
    */
   getFullMultiaddrs(): Multiaddr[] {
-    if (this.multiaddrs) {
+    if (this.peerId && this.multiaddrs) {
+      const peerId = this.peerId;
       return this.multiaddrs.map((ma) => {
-        return ma.encapsulate(`/p2p/${this.peerId.toB58String()}`);
+        return ma.encapsulate(`/p2p/${peerId.toB58String()}`);
       });
     }
     return [];
   }
 
-  verify(data: Buffer, signature: Buffer): boolean {
+  verify(data: Uint8Array, signature: Uint8Array): boolean {
     if (!this.get("id") || this.id !== "v4") {
       throw new Error(ERR_INVALID_ID);
     }
@@ -456,7 +423,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     return v4.verify(this.publicKey, data, signature);
   }
 
-  sign(data: Buffer, privateKey: Buffer): Buffer {
+  sign(data: Uint8Array, privateKey: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
     switch (this.id) {
       case "v4":
         this.signature = v4.sign(privateKey, data);
@@ -467,7 +434,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     return this.signature;
   }
 
-  encodeToValues(privateKey?: Buffer): (ENRKey | ENRValue | number)[] {
+  encodeToValues(privateKey?: Uint8Array): (ENRKey | ENRValue | number)[] {
     // sort keys and flatten into [k, v, k, v, ...]
     const content: Array<ENRKey | ENRValue | number> = Array.from(this.keys())
       .sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b))
@@ -485,7 +452,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     return content;
   }
 
-  encode(privateKey?: Buffer): Buffer {
+  encode(privateKey?: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
     const encoded = RLP.encode(this.encodeToValues(privateKey));
     if (encoded.length >= MAX_RECORD_SIZE) {
       throw new Error("ENR must be less than 300 bytes");
@@ -493,7 +460,7 @@ export class ENR extends Map<ENRKey, ENRValue> {
     return encoded;
   }
 
-  encodeTxt(privateKey?: Buffer): string {
+  async encodeTxt(privateKey?: Uint8Array): Promise<string> {
-    return ENR.RECORD_PREFIX + base64url.encode(this.encode(privateKey));
+    return ENR.RECORD_PREFIX + (await bytesToBase64(this.encode(privateKey)));
   }
 }

src/lib/enr/keypair/index.ts

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ export async function generateKeypair(type: KeypairType): Promise<IKeypair> {
 
 export function createKeypair(
   type: KeypairType,
-  privateKey?: Buffer,
+  privateKey?: Uint8Array,
-  publicKey?: Buffer
+  publicKey?: Uint8Array
 ): IKeypair {
   switch (type) {
     case KeypairType.secp256k1:

src/lib/enr/keypair/secp256k1.ts

@@ -1,25 +1,26 @@
-import { Buffer } from "buffer";
 import crypto from "crypto";
 
 import * as secp256k1 from "secp256k1";
 
 import { AbstractKeypair, IKeypair, IKeypairClass, KeypairType } from "./types";
 
-export function secp256k1PublicKeyToCompressed(publicKey: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function secp256k1PublicKeyToCompressed(
+  publicKey: Uint8Array
+): Uint8Array {
   if (publicKey.length === 64) {
     publicKey = Buffer.concat([Buffer.from([4]), publicKey]);
   }
   return Buffer.from(secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(publicKey, true));
 }
 
-export function secp256k1PublicKeyToFull(publicKey: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function secp256k1PublicKeyToFull(publicKey: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
   if (publicKey.length === 64) {
     return Buffer.concat([Buffer.from([4]), publicKey]);
   }
   return Buffer.from(secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(publicKey, false));
 }
 
-export function secp256k1PublicKeyToRaw(publicKey: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function secp256k1PublicKeyToRaw(publicKey: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
   return Buffer.from(secp256k1.publicKeyConvert(publicKey, false).slice(1));
 }
 
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ export const Secp256k1Keypair: IKeypairClass = class Secp256k1Keypair
 {
   readonly type: KeypairType;
 
-  constructor(privateKey?: Buffer, publicKey?: Buffer) {
+  constructor(privateKey?: Uint8Array, publicKey?: Uint8Array) {
     let pub = publicKey;
     if (pub) {
       pub = secp256k1PublicKeyToCompressed(pub);
@@ -58,12 +59,12 @@ export const Secp256k1Keypair: IKeypairClass = class Secp256k1Keypair
     return true;
   }
 
-  sign(msg: Buffer): Buffer {
+  sign(msg: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
     const { signature, recid } = secp256k1.ecdsaSign(msg, this.privateKey);
     return Buffer.concat([signature, Buffer.from([recid])]);
   }
 
-  verify(msg: Buffer, sig: Buffer): boolean {
+  verify(msg: Uint8Array, sig: Uint8Array): boolean {
     return secp256k1.ecdsaVerify(sig, msg, this.publicKey);
   }
 };

src/lib/enr/keypair/types.ts

@@ -6,25 +6,25 @@ export enum KeypairType {
 
 export interface IKeypair {
   type: KeypairType;
-  privateKey: Buffer;
+  privateKey: Uint8Array;
-  publicKey: Buffer;
+  publicKey: Uint8Array;
   privateKeyVerify(): boolean;
   publicKeyVerify(): boolean;
-  sign(msg: Buffer): Buffer;
+  sign(msg: Uint8Array): Uint8Array;
-  verify(msg: Buffer, sig: Buffer): boolean;
+  verify(msg: Uint8Array, sig: Uint8Array): boolean;
   hasPrivateKey(): boolean;
 }
 
 export interface IKeypairClass {
-  new (privateKey?: Buffer, publicKey?: Buffer): IKeypair;
+  new (privateKey?: Uint8Array, publicKey?: Uint8Array): IKeypair;
   generate(): Promise<IKeypair>;
 }
 
 export abstract class AbstractKeypair {
-  _privateKey?: Buffer;
+  _privateKey?: Uint8Array;
-  readonly _publicKey?: Buffer;
+  readonly _publicKey?: Uint8Array;
 
-  constructor(privateKey?: Buffer, publicKey?: Buffer) {
+  constructor(privateKey?: Uint8Array, publicKey?: Uint8Array) {
     if ((this._privateKey = privateKey) && !this.privateKeyVerify()) {
       throw new Error("Invalid private key");
     }
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ export abstract class AbstractKeypair {
     }
   }
 
-  get privateKey(): Buffer {
+  get privateKey(): Uint8Array {
     if (!this._privateKey) {
       throw new Error();
     }
     return this._privateKey;
   }
 
-  get publicKey(): Buffer {
+  get publicKey(): Uint8Array {
     if (!this._publicKey) {
       throw new Error();
     }

src/lib/enr/multiaddrs_codec.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { expect } from "chai";
+import { Multiaddr } from "multiaddr";
+
+import { decodeMultiaddrs, encodeMultiaddrs } from "./multiaddrs_codec";
+
+describe("ENR multiaddrs codec", function () {
+  it("Sample", async () => {
+    const multiaddrs = [
+      new Multiaddr(
+        "/dns4/node-01.do-ams3.wakuv2.test.statusim.net/tcp/443/wss"
+      ),
+      new Multiaddr(
+        "/dns6/node-01.ac-cn-hongkong-c.wakuv2.test.statusim.net/tcp/443/wss"
+      ),
+      new Multiaddr(
+        "/onion3/vww6ybal4bd7szmgncyruucpgfkqahzddi37ktceo3ah7ngmcopnpyyd:1234/wss"
+      ),
+    ];
+
+    const bytes = encodeMultiaddrs(multiaddrs);
+    const result = decodeMultiaddrs(bytes);
+
+    const multiaddrsAsStr = result.map((ma) => ma.toString());
+    expect(multiaddrsAsStr).to.include(
+      "/dns4/node-01.do-ams3.wakuv2.test.statusim.net/tcp/443/wss"
+    );
+    expect(multiaddrsAsStr).to.include(
+      "/dns6/node-01.ac-cn-hongkong-c.wakuv2.test.statusim.net/tcp/443/wss"
+    );
+    expect(multiaddrsAsStr).to.include(
+      "/onion3/vww6ybal4bd7szmgncyruucpgfkqahzddi37ktceo3ah7ngmcopnpyyd:1234/wss"
+    );
+  });
+});

src/lib/enr/multiaddrs_codec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { Multiaddr } from "multiaddr";
+
+import { MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE } from "./constants";
+
+export function decodeMultiaddrs(bytes: Uint8Array): Multiaddr[] {
+  const multiaddrs = [];
+
+  let index = 0;
+
+  while (index < bytes.length) {
+    const sizeDataView = new DataView(
+      bytes.buffer,
+      index,
+      MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE
+    );
+    const size = sizeDataView.getUint16(0);
+    index += MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE;
+
+    const multiaddrBytes = bytes.slice(index, index + size);
+    index += size;
+
+    const multiaddr = new Multiaddr(multiaddrBytes);
+    multiaddrs.push(multiaddr);
+  }
+  return multiaddrs;
+}
+
+export function encodeMultiaddrs(multiaddrs: Multiaddr[]): Uint8Array {
+  const totalLength = multiaddrs.reduce(
+    (acc, ma) => acc + MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE + ma.bytes.length,
+    0
+  );
+  const bytes = new Uint8Array(totalLength);
+  const dataView = new DataView(bytes.buffer);
+
+  let index = 0;
+  multiaddrs.forEach((multiaddr) => {
+    if (multiaddr.getPeerId())
+      throw new Error("`multiaddr` field MUST not contain peer id");
+
+    // Prepend the size of the next entry
+    dataView.setUint16(index, multiaddr.bytes.length);
+    index += MULTIADDR_LENGTH_SIZE;
+
+    bytes.set(multiaddr.bytes, index);
+    index += multiaddr.bytes.length;
+  });
+
+  return bytes;
+}

src/lib/enr/v4.ts

@@ -6,24 +6,28 @@ import * as secp256k1 from "secp256k1";
 import { createNodeId } from "./create";
 import { NodeId } from "./types";
 
-export function hash(input: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function hash(input: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
-  return Buffer.from(keccak256.arrayBuffer(input));
+  return new Uint8Array(keccak256.arrayBuffer(input));
 }
 
-export async function createPrivateKey(): Promise<Buffer> {
+export async function createPrivateKey(): Promise<Uint8Array> {
-  return Buffer.from(await randomBytes(32));
+  return new Uint8Array(await randomBytes(32));
 }
 
-export function publicKey(privKey: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function publicKey(privKey: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
-  return Buffer.from(secp256k1.publicKeyCreate(privKey));
+  return new Uint8Array(secp256k1.publicKeyCreate(privKey));
 }
 
-export function sign(privKey: Uint8Array, msg: Uint8Array): Buffer {
+export function sign(privKey: Uint8Array, msg: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
   const { signature } = secp256k1.ecdsaSign(hash(msg), privKey);
-  return Buffer.from(signature);
+  return new Uint8Array(signature);
 }
 
-export function verify(pubKey: Buffer, msg: Buffer, sig: Buffer): boolean {
+export function verify(
+  pubKey: Uint8Array,
+  msg: Uint8Array,
+  sig: Uint8Array
+): boolean {
   // Remove the recovery id if present (byte #65)
   return secp256k1.ecdsaVerify(sig.slice(0, 64), hash(msg), pubKey);
 }
@@ -37,11 +41,11 @@ export function nodeId(pubKey: Uint8Array): NodeId {
 export class ENRKeyPair {
   public constructor(
     public readonly nodeId: NodeId,
-    public readonly privateKey: Buffer,
+    public readonly privateKey: Uint8Array,
-    public readonly publicKey: Buffer
+    public readonly publicKey: Uint8Array
   ) {}
 
-  public static async create(privateKey?: Buffer): Promise<ENRKeyPair> {
+  public static async create(privateKey?: Uint8Array): Promise<ENRKeyPair> {
     if (privateKey) {
       if (!secp256k1.privateKeyVerify(privateKey)) {
         throw new Error("Invalid private key");
@@ -54,11 +58,11 @@ export class ENRKeyPair {
     return new ENRKeyPair(_nodeId, _privateKey, _publicKey);
   }
 
-  public sign(msg: Buffer): Buffer {
+  public sign(msg: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
     return sign(this.privateKey, msg);
   }
 
-  public verify(msg: Buffer, sig: Buffer): boolean {
+  public verify(msg: Uint8Array, sig: Uint8Array): boolean {
     return verify(this.publicKey, msg, sig);
   }
 }

src/lib/utf8.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+/**
+ * Decode bytes to utf-8 string.
+ */
 // Thanks https://gist.github.com/pascaldekloe/62546103a1576803dade9269ccf76330
 export function bytesToUtf8(bytes: Uint8Array): string {
   let i = 0,
@@ -41,3 +44,42 @@ export function bytesToUtf8(bytes: Uint8Array): string {
   }
   return s;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Encode utf-8 string to byte array
+ */
+// Thanks https://gist.github.com/pascaldekloe/62546103a1576803dade9269ccf76330
+export function utf8ToBytes(s: string): Uint8Array {
+  let i = 0;
+  const bytes = new Uint8Array(s.length * 4);
+  for (let ci = 0; ci != s.length; ci++) {
+    let c = s.charCodeAt(ci);
+    if (c < 128) {
+      bytes[i++] = c;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (c < 2048) {
+      bytes[i++] = (c >> 6) | 192;
+    } else {
+      if (c > 0xd7ff && c < 0xdc00) {
+        if (++ci >= s.length)
+          throw new Error("UTF-8 encode: incomplete surrogate pair");
+        const c2 = s.charCodeAt(ci);
+        if (c2 < 0xdc00 || c2 > 0xdfff)
+          throw new Error(
+            "UTF-8 encode: second surrogate character 0x" +
+              c2.toString(16) +
+              " at index " +
+              ci +
+              " out of range"
+          );
+        c = 0x10000 + ((c & 0x03ff) << 10) + (c2 & 0x03ff);
+        bytes[i++] = (c >> 18) | 240;
+        bytes[i++] = ((c >> 12) & 63) | 128;
+      } else bytes[i++] = (c >> 12) | 224;
+      bytes[i++] = ((c >> 6) & 63) | 128;
+    }
+    bytes[i++] = (c & 63) | 128;
+  }
+  return bytes.subarray(0, i);
+}

src/lib/utils.ts

@@ -81,3 +81,49 @@ export function equalByteArrays(
 export function keccak256Buf(message: Message): Buffer {
   return Buffer.from(keccak256.arrayBuffer(message));
 }
+
+/**
+ * Convert base64 string to byte array.
+ */
+export function base64ToBytes(base64: string): Uint8Array {
+  const e = new Map<string, number>();
+
+  const len = base64.length;
+  const res = [];
+  const A = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_";
+  for (let i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+    e.set(A.charAt(i), i);
+  }
+  e.set("+", 62);
+  e.set("/", 63);
+
+  let b = 0,
+    l = 0,
+    a;
+  for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    const c = e.get(base64.charAt(i));
+    if (c === undefined)
+      throw new Error(`Invalid base64 character ${base64.charAt(i)}`);
+    b = (b << 6) + c;
+    l += 6;
+    while (l >= 8) {
+      ((a = (b >>> (l -= 8)) & 0xff) || i < len - 2) && res.push(a);
+    }
+  }
+  return new Uint8Array(res);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert byte array to base64 string.
+ */
+export async function bytesToBase64(bytes: Uint8Array): Promise<string> {
+  const base64url: string = await new Promise((r) => {
+    const reader = new window.FileReader();
+    reader.onload = (): void => r(reader.result as string);
+    reader.readAsDataURL(new Blob([bytes]));
+  });
+  const base64 = base64url.split(",", 2)[1];
+  // We want URL and Filename Safe base64: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4648#section-5
+  // Without trailing padding
+  return base64.replace(/\+/g, "-").replace(/\//g, "_").replace(/=/g, "");
+}

src/lib/waku.spec.ts

@@ -19,10 +19,7 @@ describe("Waku Dial", function () {
     });
 
     before(function () {
-      if (
+      if (process.env.CI || window?.__env__?.CI) {
-        process.env.CI ||
-        (typeof window !== "undefined" && window?.__env__?.CI)
-      ) {
         this.skip();
       }
     });

src/lib/waku_message/index.node.spec.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ import { expect } from "chai";
 import debug from "debug";
 
 import {
-  bytesToUtf8,
   makeLogFileName,
   NimWaku,
   NOISE_KEY_1,
   WakuRelayMessage,
 } from "../../test_utils";
 import { delay } from "../../test_utils/delay";
+import { bytesToUtf8 } from "../utf8";
 import { hexToBytes } from "../utils";
 import { Protocols, Waku } from "../waku";
 

src/test_utils/index.ts

@@ -9,4 +9,3 @@ export * from "./async_fs";
 export * from "./constants";
 export * from "./log_file";
 export * from "./nim_waku";
-export * from "./utf8";

src/test_utils/nim_waku.ts

@@ -335,7 +335,6 @@ export class NimWaku {
       return { peerId: this.peerId, multiaddrWithId: this.multiaddrWithId };
     }
     const res = await this.info();
-    console.log(res);
     this.multiaddrWithId = res.listenAddresses
       .map((ma) => multiaddr(ma))
       .find((ma) => ma.protoNames().includes("ws"));