diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
index 8ff1b8abe..f1abead1d 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ method rpcHandler*(f: FloodSub,
                   trace "exception in message handler", exc = exc.msg
 
         # forward the message to all peers interested in it
-        let published = await f.publishHelper(toSendPeers, m.messages, DefaultSendTimeout)
+        let published = await f.broadcast(toSendPeers, RPCMsg(messages: m.messages), DefaultSendTimeout)
 
         trace "forwared message to peers", peers = published
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ method publish*(f: FloodSub,
   let msg = Message.init(f.peerInfo, data, topic, f.msgSeqno, f.sign)
 
   # start the future but do not wait yet
-  let published = await f.publishHelper(f.floodsub.getOrDefault(topic), @[msg], timeout)
+  let published = await f.broadcast(f.floodsub.getOrDefault(topic), RPCMsg(messages: @[msg]), timeout)
 
   when defined(libp2p_expensive_metrics):
     libp2p_pubsub_messages_published.inc(labelValues = [topic])
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
index 91ee2752c..8935598a2 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
@@ -155,10 +155,10 @@ proc rebalanceMesh(g: GossipSub, topic: string) {.async.} =
       .set(g.mesh.peers(topic).int64, labelValues = [topic])
 
   # Send changes to peers after table updates to avoid stale state
-  for p in grafts:
-    await p.sendGraft(@[topic])
-  for p in prunes:
-    await p.sendPrune(@[topic])
+  let graft = RPCMsg(control: some(ControlMessage(graft: @[ControlGraft(topicID: topic)])))
+  let prune = RPCMsg(control: some(ControlMessage(prune: @[ControlPrune(topicID: topic)])))
+  discard g.broadcast(grafts, graft, DefaultSendTimeout)
+  discard g.broadcast(prunes, prune, DefaultSendTimeout)
 
   trace "mesh balanced, got peers", peers = g.mesh.peers(topic)
 
@@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ proc heartbeat(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
         g.replenishFanout(t)
 
       let peers = g.getGossipPeers()
-      var sent: seq[Future[void]]
+      var sent: seq[Future[int]]
       for peer, control in peers:
         g.peers.withValue(peer.peerId, pubsubPeer) do:
-          sent &= pubsubPeer[].send(RPCMsg(control: some(control)))
+          sent &= g.broadcast([pubsubPeer[]], RPCMsg(control: some(control)), DefaultSendTimeout)
       checkFutures(await allFinished(sent))
 
       g.mcache.shift() # shift the cache
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ method rpcHandler*(g: GossipSub,
                 trace "exception in message handler", exc = exc.msg
 
       # forward the message to all peers interested in it
-      let published = await g.publishHelper(toSendPeers, m.messages, DefaultSendTimeout)
+      let published = await g.broadcast(toSendPeers, RPCMsg(messages: m.messages), DefaultSendTimeout)
 
       trace "forwared message to peers", peers = published
 
@@ -453,8 +453,7 @@ method rpcHandler*(g: GossipSub,
         respControl.ihave.len > 0:
         try:
           info "sending control message", msg = respControl
-          await peer.send(
-            RPCMsg(control: some(respControl), messages: messages))
+          let _ = await g.broadcast([peer], RPCMsg(control: some(respControl), messages: messages), DefaultSendTimeout)
         except CancelledError as exc:
           raise exc
         except CatchableError as exc:
@@ -477,10 +476,8 @@ method unsubscribe*(g: GossipSub,
         let peers = g.mesh.getOrDefault(topic)
         g.mesh.del(topic)
 
-        var pending = newSeq[Future[void]]()
-        for peer in peers:
-          pending.add(peer.sendPrune(@[topic]))
-        checkFutures(await allFinished(pending))
+        let prune = RPCMsg(control: some(ControlMessage(prune: @[ControlPrune(topicID: topic)])))
+        discard g.broadcast(peers, prune, DefaultSendTimeout)
 
 method unsubscribeAll*(g: GossipSub, topic: string) {.async.} =
   await procCall PubSub(g).unsubscribeAll(topic)
@@ -489,10 +486,8 @@ method unsubscribeAll*(g: GossipSub, topic: string) {.async.} =
     let peers = g.mesh.getOrDefault(topic)
     g.mesh.del(topic)
 
-    var pending = newSeq[Future[void]]()
-    for peer in peers:
-      pending.add(peer.sendPrune(@[topic]))
-    checkFutures(await allFinished(pending))
+    let prune = RPCMsg(control: some(ControlMessage(prune: @[ControlPrune(topicID: topic)])))
+    discard g.broadcast(peers, prune, DefaultSendTimeout)
 
 method publish*(g: GossipSub,
                 topic: string,
@@ -533,7 +528,7 @@ method publish*(g: GossipSub,
   if msgId notin g.mcache:
     g.mcache.put(msgId, msg)
 
-  let published = await g.publishHelper(peers, @[msg], timeout)
+  let published = await g.broadcast(peers, RPCMsg(messages: @[msg]), timeout)
   when defined(libp2p_expensive_metrics):
     if published > 0:
       libp2p_pubsub_messages_published.inc(labelValues = [topic])
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
index 7c0cc6369..72fc5138a 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
@@ -72,12 +72,45 @@ method unsubscribePeer*(p: PubSub, peerId: PeerID) {.base.} =
 
   libp2p_pubsub_peers.set(p.peers.len.int64)
 
+proc broadcast*(p: PubSub,
+                sendPeers: HashSet[PubSubPeer] | seq[PubSubPeer] | array[1, PubSubPeer],
+                msg: RPCMsg,
+                timeout: Duration): Future[int] {.async.} =
+  # send messages and cleanup failed peers
+  var sent: seq[tuple[id: PeerID, fut: Future[void]]]
+  for sendPeer in sendPeers:
+    if sendPeer.isNil:
+      continue
+
+    # avoid sending to self
+    if sendPeer.peerId == p.peerInfo.peerId:
+      continue
+
+    trace "broadcast to peer", peer = sendPeer.id, message = msg
+    sent.add((id: sendPeer.peerId, fut: sendPeer.send(msg, timeout)))
+
+  var broadcasted: seq[PeerID]
+  var failed: seq[PeerID]
+  let futs = await allFinished(sent.mapIt(it.fut))
+  for s in futs:
+    let f = sent.filterIt(it.fut == s)
+    if f.len > 0:
+      if s.failed:
+        trace "broadcast to peer failed", peer = f[0].id
+        p.unsubscribePeer(f[0].id)
+        failed.add(f[0].id)
+      else:
+        trace "broadcast to peer succeeded", peer = f[0].id
+        broadcasted.add(f[0].id)
+
+  return broadcasted.len
+
 proc sendSubs*(p: PubSub,
                peer: PubSubPeer,
                topics: seq[string],
                subscribe: bool) {.async.} =
   ## send subscriptions to remote peer
-  await peer.sendSubOpts(topics, subscribe)
+  discard await p.broadcast([peer], RPCMsg(subscriptions: topics.mapIt(SubOpts(subscribe: subscribe, topic: it))), DefaultSendTimeout)
 
 method subscribeTopic*(p: PubSub,
                        topic: string,
@@ -218,39 +251,6 @@ method subscribe*(p: PubSub,
   # metrics
   libp2p_pubsub_topics.set(p.topics.len.int64)
 
-proc publishHelper*(p: PubSub,
-                    sendPeers: HashSet[PubSubPeer],
-                    msgs: seq[Message],
-                    timeout: Duration): Future[int] {.async.} =
-  # send messages and cleanup failed peers
-  var sent: seq[tuple[id: PeerID, fut: Future[void]]]
-  for sendPeer in sendPeers:
-    if sendPeer.isNil:
-      continue
-
-    # avoid sending to self
-    if sendPeer.peerId == p.peerInfo.peerId:
-      continue
-
-    trace "sending messages to peer", peer = sendPeer.id, msgs
-    sent.add((id: sendPeer.peerId, fut: sendPeer.send(RPCMsg(messages: msgs), timeout)))
-
-  var published: seq[PeerID]
-  var failed: seq[PeerID]
-  let futs = await allFinished(sent.mapIt(it.fut))
-  for s in futs:
-    let f = sent.filterIt(it.fut == s)
-    if f.len > 0:
-      if s.failed:
-        trace "sending messages to peer failed", peer = f[0].id
-        p.unsubscribePeer(f[0].id)
-        failed.add(f[0].id)
-      else:
-        trace "sending messages to peer succeeded", peer = f[0].id
-        published.add(f[0].id)
-
-  return published.len
-
 method publish*(p: PubSub,
                 topic: string,
                 data: seq[byte],
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
index 5de6f4dbf..6843852ca 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
@@ -190,39 +190,6 @@ proc send*(
 
     raise exc
 
-proc sendSubOpts*(p: PubSubPeer, topics: seq[string], subscribe: bool) {.async.} =
-  trace "sending subscriptions", peer = p.id, subscribe, topicIDs = topics
-
-  try:
-    await p.send(RPCMsg(
-      subscriptions: topics.mapIt(SubOpts(subscribe: subscribe, topic: it))))
-  except CancelledError as exc:
-    raise exc
-  except CatchableError as exc:
-    trace "exception sending subscriptions", exc = exc.msg
-
-proc sendGraft*(p: PubSubPeer, topics: seq[string]) {.async.} =
-  trace "sending graft to peer", peer = p.id, topicIDs = topics
-
-  try:
-    await p.send(RPCMsg(control: some(
-      ControlMessage(graft: topics.mapIt(ControlGraft(topicID: it))))))
-  except CancelledError as exc:
-    raise exc
-  except CatchableError as exc:
-    trace "exception sending grafts", exc = exc.msg
-
-proc sendPrune*(p: PubSubPeer, topics: seq[string]) {.async.} =
-  trace "sending prune to peer", peer = p.id, topicIDs = topics
-
-  try:
-    await p.send(RPCMsg(control: some(
-      ControlMessage(prune: topics.mapIt(ControlPrune(topicID: it))))))
-  except CancelledError as exc:
-    raise exc
-  except CatchableError as exc:
-    trace "exception sending prunes", exc = exc.msg
-
 proc `$`*(p: PubSubPeer): string =
   p.id