diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
index 54d6f281b..7637439a1 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ proc addSeen*(f: FloodSub, msgId: MessageID): bool =
   # Return true if the message has already been seen
   f.seen.put(f.seenSalt & msgId)
 
+proc firstSeen*(f: FloodSub, msgId: MessageID): Moment =
+  f.seen.addedAt(f.seenSalt & msgId)
+
 proc handleSubscribe*(f: FloodSub,
                       peer: PubsubPeer,
                       topic: string,
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
index 175e6956f..5f94f2f65 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import ./pubsub,
 import stew/results
 export results
 
-import ./gossipsub/[types, scoring, behavior]
+import ./gossipsub/[types, scoring, behavior], ../../utils/heartbeat
 
 export types, scoring, behavior, pubsub
 
@@ -381,12 +381,16 @@ method rpcHandler*(g: GossipSub,
     # remote attacking the hash function
     if g.addSeen(msgId):
       trace "Dropping already-seen message", msgId = shortLog(msgId), peer
-      # make sure to update score tho before continuing
-      # TODO: take into account meshMessageDeliveriesWindow
-      # score only if messages are not too old.
-      g.rewardDelivered(peer, msg.topicIDs, false)
 
-      g.validationSeen.withValue(msgIdSalted, seen): seen[].incl(peer)
+      var alreadyReceived = false
+      g.validationSeen.withValue(msgIdSalted, seen):
+        if seen[].containsOrIncl(peer):
+          # peer sent us this message twice
+          alreadyReceived = true
+
+      if not alreadyReceived:
+        let delay = Moment.now() - g.firstSeen(msgId)
+        g.rewardDelivered(peer, msg.topicIDs, false, delay)
 
       libp2p_gossipsub_duplicate.inc()
 
@@ -563,7 +567,7 @@ method publish*(g: GossipSub,
   return peers.len
 
 proc maintainDirectPeers(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
-  while g.heartbeatRunning:
+  heartbeat "GossipSub DirectPeers", 1.minutes:
     for id, addrs in g.parameters.directPeers:
       let peer = g.peers.getOrDefault(id)
       if isNil(peer):
@@ -579,8 +583,6 @@ proc maintainDirectPeers(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
         except CatchableError as exc:
           debug "Direct peer error dialing", msg = exc.msg
 
-    await sleepAsync(1.minutes)
-
 method start*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
   trace "gossipsub start"
 
@@ -588,8 +590,8 @@ method start*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
     warn "Starting gossipsub twice"
     return
 
-  g.heartbeatRunning = true
   g.heartbeatFut = g.heartbeat()
+  g.scoringHeartbeatFut = g.scoringHeartbeat()
   g.directPeersLoop = g.maintainDirectPeers()
 
 method stop*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
@@ -599,13 +601,10 @@ method stop*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
     return
 
   # stop heartbeat interval
-  g.heartbeatRunning = false
   g.directPeersLoop.cancel()
-  if not g.heartbeatFut.finished:
-    trace "awaiting last heartbeat"
-    await g.heartbeatFut
-    trace "heartbeat stopped"
-    g.heartbeatFut = nil
+  g.scoringHeartbeatFut.cancel()
+  g.heartbeatFut.cancel()
+  g.heartbeatFut = nil
 
 method initPubSub*(g: GossipSub)
   {.raises: [Defect, InitializationError].} =
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/behavior.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/behavior.nim
index 66bd69ddb..17e830ec3 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/behavior.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/behavior.nim
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import chronos, chronicles, metrics
 import "."/[types, scoring]
 import ".."/[pubsubpeer, peertable, timedcache, mcache, floodsub, pubsub]
 import "../rpc"/[messages]
-import "../../.."/[peerid, multiaddress, utility, switch, routing_record, signed_envelope]
+import "../../.."/[peerid, multiaddress, utility, switch, routing_record, signed_envelope, utils/heartbeat]
 
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_cache_window_size, "the number of messages in the cache")
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_per_topic_mesh, "gossipsub peers per topic in mesh", labels = ["topic"])
@@ -608,8 +608,6 @@ proc onHeartbeat(g: GossipSub) {.raises: [Defect].} =
         peer.iWantBudget = IWantPeerBudget
         peer.iHaveBudget = IHavePeerBudget
 
-    g.updateScores()
-
     var meshMetrics = MeshMetrics()
 
     for t in toSeq(g.topics.keys):
@@ -663,12 +661,10 @@ proc onHeartbeat(g: GossipSub) {.raises: [Defect].} =
 # {.pop.} # raises [Defect]
 
 proc heartbeat*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
-  while g.heartbeatRunning:
+  heartbeat "GossipSub", g.parameters.heartbeatInterval:
     trace "running heartbeat", instance = cast[int](g)
     g.onHeartbeat()
 
     for trigger in g.heartbeatEvents:
       trace "firing heartbeat event", instance = cast[int](g)
       trigger.fire()
-
-    await sleepAsync(g.parameters.heartbeatInterval)
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
index 7a2bf21a2..872ad0b6b 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import std/[tables, sets, options]
 import chronos, chronicles, metrics
 import "."/[types]
 import ".."/[pubsubpeer]
-import "../../.."/[peerid, multiaddress, utility, switch]
+import "../../.."/[peerid, multiaddress, utility, switch, utils/heartbeat]
 
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_scores, "the scores of the peers in gossipsub", labels = ["agent"])
 declareCounter(libp2p_gossipsub_bad_score_disconnection, "the number of peers disconnected by gossipsub", labels = ["agent"])
@@ -254,6 +254,11 @@ proc updateScores*(g: GossipSub) = # avoid async
 
   trace "updated scores", peers = g.peers.len
 
+proc scoringHeartbeat*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
+  heartbeat "Gossipsub scoring", g.parameters.decayInterval:
+    trace "running scoring heartbeat", instance = cast[int](g)
+    g.updateScores()
+
 proc punishInvalidMessage*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, topics: seq[string]) =
   for tt in topics:
     let t = tt
@@ -269,7 +274,7 @@ proc addCapped*[T](stat: var T, diff, cap: T) =
   stat += min(diff, cap - stat)
 
 proc rewardDelivered*(
-    g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, topics: openArray[string], first: bool) =
+    g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, topics: openArray[string], first: bool, delay = ZeroDuration) =
   for tt in topics:
     let t = tt
     if t notin g.topics:
@@ -279,6 +284,10 @@ proc rewardDelivered*(
     let topicParams = g.topicParams.mgetOrPut(t, TopicParams.init())
                                             # if in mesh add more delivery score
 
+    if delay > topicParams.meshMessageDeliveriesWindow:
+      # Too old
+      continue
+
     g.withPeerStats(peer.peerId) do (stats: var PeerStats):
       stats.topicInfos.withValue(tt, tstats):
         if tstats[].inMesh:
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
index 5736c01fd..11279eacf 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ type
     mcache*: MCache                            # messages cache
     validationSeen*: ValidationSeenTable       # peers who sent us message in validation
     heartbeatFut*: Future[void]                # cancellation future for heartbeat interval
+    scoringHeartbeatFut*: Future[void]         # cancellation future for scoring heartbeat interval
     heartbeatRunning*: bool
 
     peerStats*: Table[PeerId, PeerStats]
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/timedcache.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/timedcache.nim
index ab77e3581..ad47846fa 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/timedcache.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/timedcache.nim
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const Timeout* = 10.seconds # default timeout in ms
 type
   TimedEntry*[K] = ref object of RootObj
     key: K
-    expiresAt: Moment
+    addedAt: Moment
     next, prev: TimedEntry[K]
 
   TimedCache*[K] = object of RootObj
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ type
     timeout: Duration
 
 func expire*(t: var TimedCache, now: Moment = Moment.now()) =
-  while t.head != nil and t.head.expiresAt < now:
+  let expirationLimit = now - t.timeout
+  while t.head != nil and t.head.addedAt < expirationLimit:
     t.entries.del(t.head.key)
     t.head.prev = nil
     t.head = t.head.next
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ func put*[K](t: var TimedCache[K], k: K, now = Moment.now()): bool =
 
   var res = t.del(k) # Refresh existing item
 
-  let node = TimedEntry[K](key: k, expiresAt: now + t.timeout)
+  let node = TimedEntry[K](key: k, addedAt: now)
 
   if t.head == nil:
     t.tail = node
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func put*[K](t: var TimedCache[K], k: K, now = Moment.now()): bool =
   else:
     # search from tail because typically that's where we add when now grows
     var cur = t.tail
-    while cur != nil and node.expiresAt < cur.expiresAt:
+    while cur != nil and node.addedAt < cur.addedAt:
       cur = cur.prev
 
     if cur == nil:
@@ -83,6 +84,10 @@ func put*[K](t: var TimedCache[K], k: K, now = Moment.now()): bool =
 func contains*[K](t: TimedCache[K], k: K): bool =
   k in t.entries
 
+func addedAt*[K](t: TimedCache[K], k: K): Moment =
+  t.entries.getOrDefault(k).addedAt
+
+
 func init*[K](T: type TimedCache[K], timeout: Duration = Timeout): T =
   T(
     timeout: timeout
diff --git a/libp2p/utils/heartbeat.nim b/libp2p/utils/heartbeat.nim
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3fad818a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libp2p/utils/heartbeat.nim
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Nim-Libp2p
+# Copyright (c) 2022 Status Research & Development GmbH
+# Licensed under either of
+#  * Apache License, version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE))
+#  * MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT))
+# at your option.
+# This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed except according to
+# those terms.
+
+{.push raises: [Defect].}
+
+import sequtils
+import chronos, chronicles
+
+export chronicles
+
+template heartbeat*(name: string, interval: Duration, body: untyped): untyped =
+  var nextHeartbeat = Moment.now()
+  while true:
+    body
+
+    nextHeartbeat += interval
+    let now = Moment.now()
+    if nextHeartbeat < now:
+      info "Missed heartbeat", heartbeat = name, delay = now - nextHeartbeat
+      nextHeartbeat = now + interval
+    await sleepAsync(nextHeartbeat - now)
diff --git a/tests/pubsub/testgossipsub2.nim b/tests/pubsub/testgossipsub2.nim
index 4c960d1ce..70d44b865 100644
--- a/tests/pubsub/testgossipsub2.nim
+++ b/tests/pubsub/testgossipsub2.nim
@@ -218,7 +218,6 @@ suite "GossipSub":
     ### await subscribeNodes(nodes)
 
     proc handler(topic: string, data: seq[byte]) {.async, gcsafe.} = discard
-    nodes[0].subscribe("foobar", handler)
     nodes[1].subscribe("foobar", handler)
 
     await invalidDetected.wait(10.seconds)
@@ -439,3 +438,60 @@ suite "GossipSub":
           it.switch.stop())))
 
     await allFuturesThrowing(nodesFut)
+
+  asyncTest "GossipSub scoring - decayInterval":
+
+    let
+      nodes = generateNodes(2, gossip = true)
+
+      # start switches
+      nodesFut = await allFinished(
+        nodes[0].switch.start(),
+        nodes[1].switch.start(),
+      )
+
+    var gossip = GossipSub(nodes[0])
+    # MacOs has some nasty jitter when sleeping
+    # (up to 7 ms), so we need some pretty long
+    # sleeps to be safe here
+    gossip.parameters.decayInterval = 300.milliseconds
+
+    # start pubsub
+    await allFuturesThrowing(
+      allFinished(
+        nodes[0].start(),
+        nodes[1].start(),
+    ))
+
+    var handlerFut = newFuture[void]()
+    proc handler(topic: string, data: seq[byte]) {.async, gcsafe.} =
+      handlerFut.complete()
+
+    await subscribeNodes(nodes)
+
+    nodes[0].subscribe("foobar", handler)
+    nodes[1].subscribe("foobar", handler)
+
+    tryPublish await nodes[0].publish("foobar", toBytes("hello")), 1
+
+    await handlerFut
+
+    gossip.peerStats[nodes[1].peerInfo.peerId].topicInfos["foobar"].meshMessageDeliveries = 100
+    gossip.topicParams["foobar"].meshMessageDeliveriesDecay = 0.9
+    await sleepAsync(1500.milliseconds)
+
+    # We should have decayed 5 times, though allowing 4..6
+    check:
+      gossip.peerStats[nodes[1].peerInfo.peerId].topicInfos["foobar"].meshMessageDeliveries in 50.0 .. 66.0
+
+    await allFuturesThrowing(
+      nodes[0].switch.stop(),
+      nodes[1].switch.stop()
+    )
+
+    await allFuturesThrowing(
+      nodes[0].stop(),
+      nodes[1].stop()
+    )
+
+    await allFuturesThrowing(nodesFut.concat())
diff --git a/tests/testheartbeat.nim b/tests/testheartbeat.nim
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a748f90f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testheartbeat.nim
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import chronos
+
+import ../libp2p/utils/heartbeat
+import ./helpers
+
+# MacOs has some nasty jitter when sleeping
+# (up to 7 ms), so we skip test there
+when not defined(macosx):
+  suite "Heartbeat":
+
+    asyncTest "simple heartbeat":
+      var i = 0
+      proc t() {.async.} =
+        heartbeat "shouldn't see this", 30.milliseconds:
+          i.inc()
+      let hb = t()
+      await sleepAsync(300.milliseconds)
+      await hb.cancelAndWait()
+      check:
+        i in 9..11
+
+    asyncTest "change heartbeat period on the fly":
+      var i = 0
+      proc t() {.async.} =
+        var period = 30.milliseconds
+        heartbeat "shouldn't see this", period:
+          i.inc()
+          if i >= 4:
+            period = 75.milliseconds
+      let hb = t()
+      await sleepAsync(500.milliseconds)
+      await hb.cancelAndWait()
+
+      # 4x 30 ms heartbeat = 120ms
+      # (500 ms - 120 ms) / 75ms = 5x 75ms
+      # total 9
+      check:
+        i in 8..10
+
+    asyncTest "catch up on slow heartbeat":
+      var i = 0
+      proc t() {.async.} =
+        heartbeat "this is normal", 30.milliseconds:
+          if i < 3:
+            await sleepAsync(150.milliseconds)
+          i.inc()
+
+      let hb = t()
+      await sleepAsync(900.milliseconds)
+      await hb.cancelAndWait()
+      # 3x (150ms heartbeat + 30ms interval) = 540ms
+      # 360ms remaining, / 30ms = 12x
+      # total 15
+      check:
+        i in 14..16
diff --git a/tests/testnative.nim b/tests/testnative.nim
index 519e89854..1baf69abe 100644
--- a/tests/testnative.nim
+++ b/tests/testnative.nim
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import testvarint,
        testconnection,
        testminprotobuf,
        teststreamseq,
-       testsemaphore
+       testsemaphore,
+       testheartbeat
 
 import testminasn1,
        testrsa,