**[API docs][]** | **[CHANGELOG][]** | [other Clojure libs][] | [Twitter][] | [contact/contributing](#contact--contributing) | current ([semantic][]) version: ```clojure [com.taoensso/timbre "3.1.2"] ; 3.x is a non-breaking upgrade - see CHANGELOG for details ``` Appender authors: please see [here](https://github.com/ptaoussanis/timbre/issues/41) about migrating Timbre 2.x appenders to 3.x's recommended style. # Timbre, a (sane) Clojure logging & profiling library Logging with Java can be maddeningly, unnecessarily hard. Particularly if all you want is something *simple that works out-the-box*. Timbre brings functional, Clojure-y goodness to all your logging needs. **No XML!** ## What's in the box™? * [Logs as Clojure values](https://github.com/ptaoussanis/timbre/tree/dev#redis-carmine-appender-v3) (v3+). * Small, uncomplicated **all-Clojure** library. * **Super-simple map-based config**: no arcane XML or properties files! * **Low overhead** with dynamic logging level. * **No overhead** with compile-time logging level. (v2.6+) * Flexible **fn-centric appender model** with **middleware**. * Sensible built-in appenders including simple **email appender**. * Tunable **rate limit** and **asynchronous** logging support. * Robust **namespace filtering**. * [tools.logging](https://github.com/clojure/tools.logging) support (optional, useful when integrating with legacy logging systems). * Dead-simple, logging-level-aware **logging profiler**. ## Getting started ### Dependencies Add the necessary dependency to your [Leiningen][] `project.clj` and use the supplied ns-import helper: ```clojure [com.taoensso/timbre "3.1.2"] ; project.clj (ns my-app (:require [taoensso.timbre :as timbre])) ; Your ns (timbre/refer-timbre) ; Provides useful Timbre aliases in this ns ``` The `refer-timbre` call is a convenience fn that executes: ```clojure (require '[taoensso.timbre :as timbre :refer (log trace debug info warn error fatal report logf tracef debugf infof warnf errorf fatalf reportf spy logged-future with-log-level sometimes)]) (require '[taoensso.timbre.profiling :as profiling :refer (pspy pspy* profile defnp)]) ``` ### Logging By default, Timbre gives you basic print output to `*out*`/`*err*` at a `debug` logging level: ```clojure (info "This will print") => nil %> 2012-May-28 17:26:11:444 +0700 localhost INFO [my-app] - This will print (spy :info (* 5 4 3 2 1)) => 120 %> 2012-May-28 17:26:14:138 +0700 localhost INFO [my-app] - (* 5 4 3 2 1) 120 (trace "This won't print due to insufficient logging level") => nil ``` First-argument exceptions generate a nicely cleaned-up stack trace using [io.aviso.exception](https://github.com/AvisoNovate/pretty): ```clojure (info (Exception. "Oh noes") "arg1" "arg2") %> 2012-May-28 17:35:16:132 +0700 localhost INFO [my-app] - arg1 arg2 java.lang.Exception: Oh noes NO_SOURCE_FILE:1 my-app/eval6409 Compiler.java:6511 clojure.lang.Compiler.eval <...> ``` ### Configuration This is the biggest win over Java logging utilities IMO. Here's `timbre/example-config` (also Timbre's default config): ```clojure (def example-config "APPENDERS An appender is a map with keys: :doc ; (Optional) string. :min-level ; (Optional) keyword, or nil (no minimum level). :enabled? ; (Optional). :async? ; (Optional) dispatch using agent (good for slow appenders). :rate-limit ; (Optional) [ncalls-limit window-ms]. :fmt-output-opts ; (Optional) extra opts passed to `fmt-output-fn`. :fn ; (fn [appender-args-map]), with keys described below. An appender's fn takes a single map with keys: :level ; Keyword. :error? ; Is level an 'error' level?. :throwable ; java.lang.Throwable. :args ; Raw logging macro args (as given to `info`, etc.). :message ; Stringified logging macro args, or nil. :output ; Output of `fmt-output-fn`, used by built-in appenders ; as final, formatted appender output. Appenders may (but ; are not obligated to) use this as their output. :ap-config ; Contents of config's :shared-appender-config key. :profile-stats ; From `profile` macro. :instant ; java.util.Date. :timestamp ; String generated from :timestamp-pattern, :timestamp-locale. :hostname ; String. :ns ; String. ;; Waiting on http://dev.clojure.org/jira/browse/CLJ-865: :file ; String. :line ; Integer. MIDDLEWARE Middleware are fns (applied right-to-left) that transform the map dispatched to appender fns. If any middleware returns nil, no dispatching will occur (i.e. the event will be filtered). The `example-config` code contains further settings and details. See also `set-config!`, `merge-config!`, `set-level!`." {;;; Control log filtering by namespace patterns (e.g. ["my-app.*"]). ;;; Useful for turning off logging in noisy libraries, etc. :ns-whitelist [] :ns-blacklist [] ;; Fns (applied right-to-left) to transform/filter appender fn args. ;; Useful for obfuscating credentials, pattern filtering, etc. :middleware [] ;;; Control :timestamp format :timestamp-pattern "yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss ZZ" ; SimpleDateFormat pattern :timestamp-locale nil ; A Locale object, or nil ;; Output formatter used by built-in appenders. Custom appenders may (but are ;; not required to use) its output (:output). Extra per-appender opts can be ;; supplied as an optional second (map) arg. :fmt-output-fn (fn [{:keys [level throwable message timestamp hostname ns]} ;; Any extra appender-specific opts: & [{:keys [nofonts?] :as appender-fmt-output-opts}]] ;; [] - (format "%s %s %s [%s] - %s%s" timestamp hostname (-> level name str/upper-case) ns (or message "") (or (stacktrace throwable "\n" (when nofonts? {})) ""))) :shared-appender-config {} ; Provided to all appenders via :ap-config key :appenders {:standard-out {:doc "Prints to *out*/*err*. Enabled by default." :min-level nil :enabled? true :async? false :rate-limit nil :fn (fn [{:keys [error? output]}] ; Use any appender args (binding [*out* (if error? *err* *out*)] (str-println output)))} :spit {:doc "Spits to `(:spit-filename :shared-appender-config)` file." :min-level nil :enabled? false :async? false :rate-limit nil :fn (fn [{:keys [ap-config output]}] ; Use any appender args (when-let [filename (:spit-filename ap-config)]ar (try (spit filename output :append true) (catch java.io.IOException _))))}}}) ``` A few things to note: * Appenders are trivial to write & configure - **they're just fns**. It's Timbre's job to dispatch useful args to appenders when appropriate, it's their job to do something interesting with them. * Being 'just fns', appenders have basically limitless potential: write to your database, send a message over the network, check some other state (e.g. environment config) before making a choice, etc. The **logging level** may be set: * At compile-time: (`TIMBRE_LOG_LEVEL` environment variable). * Via an atom: `(timbre/set-level! )`. (Usual method). * Via dynamic thread-level binding: `(timbre/with-log-level ...)`. A compile-time level offers _zero-overhead_ performance since it'll cause insufficient logging calls to disappear completely at compile-time. Usually you won't need/want to bother: Timbre offers very decent performance with runtime level checks (~15msecs/10k checks on my Macbook Air). For common-case ease-of-use, **all logging utils use a global atom for their config**. This is configurable with `timbre/set-config!`, `timbre/merge-config!`. The lower-level `log` and `logf` macros also take an optional first-arg config map for greater flexibility (e.g. **during testing**). ### Built-in appenders #### Redis ([Carmine](https://github.com/ptaoussanis/carmine)) appender (v3+) ```clojure ;; [com.taoensso/carmine "2.4.0"] ; Add to project.clj deps ;; (:require [taoensso.timbre.appenders (:carmine :as car-appender)]) ; Add to ns (timbre/set-config! [:appenders :carmine] (postal-appenders/make-carmine-appender)) ``` This gives us a high-performance Redis appender: * **All raw logging args are preserved** in serialized form (**even Throwables!**). * Only the most recent instance of each **unique entry** is kept (hash fn used to determine uniqueness is configurable). * Configurable number of entries to keep per logging level. * **Log is just a value**: a vector of Clojure maps: **query+manipulate with standard seq fns**: group-by hostname, sort/filter by ns & severity, explore exception stacktraces, filter by raw arguments, etc. **Datomic and `core.logic`** also offer interesting opportunities here. A simple query utility is provided: `car-appender/query-entries`. #### Email ([Postal](https://github.com/drewr/postal)) appender ```clojure ;; [com.draines/postal "1.9.2"] ; Add to project.clj deps ;; (:require [taoensso.timbre.appenders (postal :as postal-appender)]) ; Add to ns (timbre/set-config! [:appenders :postal] (postal-appender/make-postal-appender {:enabled? true :rate-limit [1 60000] ; 1 msg / 60,000 msecs (1 min) :async? true ; Don't block waiting for email to send } {:postal-config ^{:host "mail.isp.net" :user "jsmith" :pass "sekrat!!1"} {:from "me@draines.com" :to "foo@example.com"}})) ``` #### File appender ```clojure (timbre/set-config! [:appenders :spit :enabled?] true) (timbre/set-config! [:shared-appender-config :spit-filename] "/path/my-file.log") ``` #### Other included appenders A number of 3rd-party appenders are included out-the-box for: Android, IRC, sockets, MongoDB, and rotating files. These are all located in the `taoensso.timbre.appenders.x` namespaces - **please see the relevant docstrings for details**. Thanks to their respective authors! Just give me a shout if you've got an appender you'd like to have added. ## Profiling The usual recommendation for Clojure profiling is: use a good **JVM profiler** like [YourKit](http://www.yourkit.com/), [JProfiler](http://www.ej-technologies.com/products/jprofiler/overview.html), or [VisualVM](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/visualvm/index.html). And these certainly do the job. But as with many Java tools, they can be a little hairy and often heavy-handed - especially when applied to Clojure. Timbre includes an alternative. Wrap forms that you'd like to profile with the `p` macro and give them a name: ```clojure (defn my-fn [] (let [nums (vec (range 1000))] (+ (p :fast-sleep (Thread/sleep 1) 10) (p :slow-sleep (Thread/sleep 2) 32) (p :add (reduce + nums)) (p :sub (reduce - nums)) (p :mult (reduce * nums)) (p :div (reduce / nums))))) (my-fn) => 42 ``` The `profile` macro can now be used to log times for any wrapped forms: ```clojure (profile :info :Arithmetic (dotimes [n 100] (my-fn))) => "Done!" %> 2012-Jul-03 20:46:17 +0700 localhost INFO [my-app] - Profiling my-app/Arithmetic Name Calls Min Max MAD Mean Total% Total my-app/slow-sleep 100 2ms 2ms 31μs 2ms 57 231ms my-app/fast-sleep 100 1ms 1ms 27μs 1ms 29 118ms my-app/add 100 44μs 2ms 46μs 100μs 2 10ms my-app/sub 100 42μs 564μs 26μs 72μs 2 7ms my-app/div 100 54μs 191μs 17μs 71μs 2 7ms my-app/mult 100 31μs 165μs 11μs 44μs 1 4ms Unaccounted 6 26ms Total 100 405ms ``` You can also use the `defnp` macro to conveniently wrap whole fns. It's important to note that Timbre profiling is fully **logging-level aware**: if the level is insufficient, you *won't pay for profiling* (there is a minimal dynamic-var deref cost). Likewise, normal namespace filtering applies. (Performance characteristics for both checks are inherited from Timbre itself). And since `p` and `profile` **always return their body's result** regardless of whether profiling actually happens or not, it becomes feasible to use profiling more often as part of your normal workflow: just *leave profiling code in production as you do for logging code*. A simple **sampling profiler** is also available: `taoensso.timbre.profiling/sampling-profile`. ## This project supports the CDS and ![ClojureWerkz](https://raw.github.com/clojurewerkz/clojurewerkz.org/master/assets/images/logos/clojurewerkz_long_h_50.png) goals * [CDS][], the **Clojure Documentation Site**, is a **contributer-friendly** community project aimed at producing top-notch, **beginner-friendly** Clojure tutorials and documentation. Awesome resource. * [ClojureWerkz][] is a growing collection of open-source, **batteries-included Clojure libraries** that emphasise modern targets, great documentation, and thorough testing. They've got a ton of great stuff, check 'em out! ## Contact & contributing `lein start-dev` to get a (headless) development repl that you can connect to with [Cider][] (emacs) or your IDE. Please use the project's GitHub [issues page][] for project questions/comments/suggestions/whatever **(pull requests welcome!)**. Am very open to ideas if you have any! Otherwise reach me (Peter Taoussanis) at [taoensso.com][] or on [Twitter][]. Cheers! ## License Copyright © 2012-2014 Peter Taoussanis. Distributed under the [Eclipse Public License][], the same as Clojure. [API docs]: [CHANGELOG]: [other Clojure libs]: [Twitter]: [semantic]: [Leiningen]: [CDS]: [ClojureWerkz]: [issues page]: [Cider]: [commit history]: [taoensso.com]: [Eclipse Public License]: