Files
status-keycard-java/lib/src/main/java/im/status/keycard/applet/SecureChannelSession.java
T

461 lines
15 KiB
Java

package im.status.keycard.applet;
import im.status.keycard.io.APDUCommand;
import im.status.keycard.io.APDUException;
import im.status.keycard.io.APDUResponse;
import im.status.keycard.io.CardChannel;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.AESEngine;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.macs.CBCBlockCipherMac;
import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.KeyParameter;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.ECNamedCurveTable;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.spec.ECParameterSpec;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyAgreement;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* Handles a SecureChannel session with the card.
*/
public class SecureChannelSession {
public static final short SC_SECRET_LENGTH = 32;
public static final short SC_BLOCK_SIZE = 16;
public static final byte INS_OPEN_SECURE_CHANNEL = 0x10;
public static final byte INS_MUTUALLY_AUTHENTICATE = 0x11;
public static final byte INS_PAIR = 0x12;
public static final byte INS_UNPAIR = 0x13;
public static final byte PAIR_P1_FIRST_STEP = 0x00;
public static final byte PAIR_P1_LAST_STEP = 0x01;
public static final int PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE = 223;
static final byte PAIRING_MAX_CLIENT_COUNT = 5;
private byte[] secret;
private byte[] publicKey;
private byte[] iv;
private Pairing pairing;
private Cipher sessionCipher;
private CBCBlockCipherMac sessionMac;
private SecretKeySpec sessionEncKey;
private KeyParameter sessionMacKey;
private SecureRandom random;
private boolean open;
/**
* Constructs a SecureChannel session on the client.
*/
public SecureChannelSession() {
random = new SecureRandom();
open = false;
}
/**
* Generates a pairing secret. This should be called before each session. The public key of the card is used as input
* for the EC-DH algorithm. The output is stored as the secret.
*
* @param keyData the public key returned by the applet as response to the SELECT command
*/
public void generateSecret(byte[] keyData) {
try {
ECParameterSpec ecSpec = ECNamedCurveTable.getParameterSpec("secp256k1");
KeyPairGenerator g = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("ECDH", "BC");
g.initialize(ecSpec, random);
KeyPair keyPair = g.generateKeyPair();
publicKey = ((ECPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic()).getQ().getEncoded(false);
KeyAgreement keyAgreement = KeyAgreement.getInstance("ECDH", "BC");
keyAgreement.init(keyPair.getPrivate());
ECPublicKeySpec cardKeySpec = new ECPublicKeySpec(ecSpec.getCurve().decodePoint(keyData), ecSpec);
ECPublicKey cardKey = (ECPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("ECDSA", "BC").generatePublic(cardKeySpec);
keyAgreement.doPhase(cardKey, true);
secret = keyAgreement.generateSecret();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
/**
* Returns the public key
* @return the public key
*/
public byte[] getPublicKey() {
return publicKey;
}
/**
* Returns the pairing information
* @return the pairing information
*/
public Pairing getPairing() {
return pairing;
}
/**
* Sets pairing information needed to open a secure channel.
* @param pairing the pairing information
*/
public void setPairing(Pairing pairing) {
this.pairing = pairing;
}
/**
* Establishes a Secure Channel with the card. The command parameters are the public key generated in the first step.
* Follows the specifications from the SECURE_CHANNEL.md document.
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public void autoOpenSecureChannel(CardChannel apduChannel) throws IOException, APDUException {
APDUResponse response = openSecureChannel(apduChannel, pairing.getPairingIndex(), publicKey);
response.checkOK("OPEN SECURE CHANNEL failed");
processOpenSecureChannelResponse(response);
response = mutuallyAuthenticate(apduChannel);
response.checkOK("MUTUALLY AUTHENTICATE failed");
verifyMutuallyAuthenticateResponse(response);
}
/**
* Processes the response from OPEN SECURE CHANNEL. This initialize the session keys, Cipher and MAC internally.
*
* @param response the card response
*/
public void processOpenSecureChannelResponse(APDUResponse response) {
try {
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA512");
md.update(secret);
md.update(pairing.getPairingKey());
byte[] data = response.getData();
byte[] keyData = md.digest(Arrays.copyOf(data, SC_SECRET_LENGTH));
iv = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, SC_SECRET_LENGTH, data.length);
sessionEncKey = new SecretKeySpec(Arrays.copyOf(keyData, SC_SECRET_LENGTH), "AES");
sessionMacKey = new KeyParameter(keyData, SC_SECRET_LENGTH, SC_SECRET_LENGTH);
sessionCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/ISO7816-4Padding", "BC");
sessionMac = new CBCBlockCipherMac(new AESEngine(), 128, null);
open = true;
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
/**
* Verify that the response from MUTUALLY AUTHENTICATE is correct.
*
* @param response the card response
* @return true if response is correct, false otherwise
*/
public void verifyMutuallyAuthenticateResponse(APDUResponse response) throws APDUException {
if (response.getData().length != SC_SECRET_LENGTH) {
throw new APDUException("Invalid authentication data from the card");
}
}
/**
* Handles the entire pairing procedure in order to be able to use the secure channel
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public void autoPair(CardChannel apduChannel, byte[] sharedSecret) throws IOException, APDUException {
byte[] challenge = new byte[32];
random.nextBytes(challenge);
APDUResponse resp = pair(apduChannel, PAIR_P1_FIRST_STEP, challenge).checkOK("Pairing failed on step 1");
byte[] respData = resp.getData();
byte[] cardCryptogram = Arrays.copyOf(respData, 32);
byte[] cardChallenge = Arrays.copyOfRange(respData, 32, respData.length);
byte[] checkCryptogram;
MessageDigest md;
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA256", "BC");
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
md.update(sharedSecret);
checkCryptogram = md.digest(challenge);
if (!Arrays.equals(checkCryptogram, cardCryptogram)) {
throw new APDUException("Invalid card cryptogram");
}
md.update(sharedSecret);
checkCryptogram = md.digest(cardChallenge);
resp = pair(apduChannel, PAIR_P1_LAST_STEP, checkCryptogram).checkOK("Pairing failed on step 2");
respData = resp.getData();
md.update(sharedSecret);
pairing = new Pairing(md.digest(Arrays.copyOfRange(respData, 1, respData.length)), respData[0]);
}
/**
* Unpairs the current paired key
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public void autoUnpair(CardChannel apduChannel) throws IOException, APDUException {
unpair(apduChannel, pairing.getPairingIndex()).checkOK("Unpairing failed");
}
/**
* Sends a OPEN SECURE CHANNEL APDU.
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @param index the P1 parameter
* @param data the data
* @return the raw card response
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public APDUResponse openSecureChannel(CardChannel apduChannel, byte index, byte[] data) throws IOException {
open = false;
APDUCommand openSecureChannel = new APDUCommand(0x80, INS_OPEN_SECURE_CHANNEL, index, 0, data);
return apduChannel.send(openSecureChannel);
}
/**
* Sends a MUTUALLY AUTHENTICATE APDU. The data is generated automatically
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @return the raw card response
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public APDUResponse mutuallyAuthenticate(CardChannel apduChannel) throws IOException {
byte[] data = new byte[SC_SECRET_LENGTH];
random.nextBytes(data);
return mutuallyAuthenticate(apduChannel, data);
}
/**
* Sends a MUTUALLY AUTHENTICATE APDU.
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @param data the data
* @return the raw card response
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public APDUResponse mutuallyAuthenticate(CardChannel apduChannel, byte[] data) throws IOException {
APDUCommand mutuallyAuthenticate = protectedCommand(0x80, INS_MUTUALLY_AUTHENTICATE, 0, 0, data);
return transmit(apduChannel, mutuallyAuthenticate);
}
/**
* Sends a PAIR APDU.
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @param p1 the P1 parameter
* @param data the data
* @return the raw card response
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public APDUResponse pair(CardChannel apduChannel, byte p1, byte[] data) throws IOException {
APDUCommand pair = new APDUCommand(0x80, INS_PAIR, p1, 0, data);
return transmit(apduChannel, pair);
}
/**
* Sends a UNPAIR APDU.
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @param p1 the P1 parameter
* @return the raw card response
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public APDUResponse unpair(CardChannel apduChannel, byte p1) throws IOException {
APDUCommand unpair = protectedCommand(0x80, INS_UNPAIR, p1, 0, new byte[0]);
return transmit(apduChannel, unpair);
}
/**
* Unpair all other clients
*
* @param apduChannel the apdu channel
* @throws IOException communication error
*/
public void unpairOthers(CardChannel apduChannel) throws IOException, APDUException {
for (int i = 0; i < PAIRING_MAX_CLIENT_COUNT; i++) {
if (i != pairing.getPairingIndex()) {
APDUCommand unpair = protectedCommand(0x80, INS_UNPAIR, i, 0, new byte[0]);
transmit(apduChannel, unpair).checkOK();
}
}
}
/**
* Encrypts the plaintext data using the session key. The maximum plaintext size is 223 bytes. The returned ciphertext
* already includes the IV and padding and can be sent as-is in the APDU payload. If the input is an empty byte array
* the returned data will still contain the IV and padding.
*
* @param data the plaintext data
* @return the encrypted data
*/
private byte[] encryptAPDU(byte[] data) {
assert data.length <= PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE;
try {
IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
sessionCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, sessionEncKey, ivParameterSpec);
return sessionCipher.doFinal(data);
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
/**
* Decrypts the response from the card using the session key. The returned data is already stripped from IV and padding
* and can be potentially empty.
*
* @param data the ciphetext
* @return the plaintext
*/
private byte[] decryptAPDU(byte[] data) {
try {
IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
sessionCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, sessionEncKey, ivParameterSpec);
return sessionCipher.doFinal(data);
} catch(Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
/**
* Returns a command APDU with MAC and encrypted data.
*
* @param cla the CLA byte
* @param ins the INS byte
* @param p1 the P1 byte
* @param p2 the P2 byte
* @param data the data, can be an empty array but not null
* @return the command APDU
*/
public APDUCommand protectedCommand(int cla, int ins, int p1, int p2, byte[] data) {
byte[] finalData;
if (open) {
data = encryptAPDU(data);
byte[] meta = new byte[]{(byte) cla, (byte) ins, (byte) p1, (byte) p2, (byte) (data.length + SC_BLOCK_SIZE), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
updateIV(meta, data);
finalData = Arrays.copyOf(iv, iv.length + data.length);
System.arraycopy(data, 0, finalData, iv.length, data.length);
} else {
finalData = data;
}
return new APDUCommand(cla, ins, p1, p2, finalData);
}
/**
* Transmits a protected command APDU and unwraps the response data. The MAC is verified, the data decrypted and the
* SW read from the payload.
*
* @param apduChannel the APDU channel
* @param apdu the APDU to send
* @return the unwrapped response APDU
* @throws IOException transmission error
*/
public APDUResponse transmit(CardChannel apduChannel, APDUCommand apdu) throws IOException {
APDUResponse resp = apduChannel.send(apdu);
if (resp.getSw() == 0x6982) {
open = false;
}
if (open) {
byte[] data = resp.getData();
byte[] meta = new byte[]{(byte) data.length, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
byte[] mac = Arrays.copyOf(data, iv.length);
data = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, iv.length, data.length);
byte[] plainData = decryptAPDU(data);
updateIV(meta, data);
if (!Arrays.equals(iv, mac)) {
throw new IOException("Invalid MAC");
}
return new APDUResponse(plainData);
} else {
return resp;
}
}
/**
* Marks the SecureChannel as closed
*/
public void reset() {
open = false;
}
/**
* Encrypts the payload for the INIT command
* @param initData the payload for the INIT command
*
* @return the encrypted buffer
*/
public byte[] oneShotEncrypt(byte[] initData) {
try {
iv = new byte[SC_BLOCK_SIZE];
random.nextBytes(iv);
IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
sessionEncKey = new SecretKeySpec(secret, "AES");
sessionCipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/ISO7816-4Padding", "BC");
sessionCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, sessionEncKey, ivParameterSpec);
initData = sessionCipher.doFinal(initData);
byte[] encrypted = new byte[1 + publicKey.length + iv.length + initData.length];
encrypted[0] = (byte) publicKey.length;
System.arraycopy(publicKey, 0, encrypted, 1, publicKey.length);
System.arraycopy(iv, 0, encrypted, (1 + publicKey.length), iv.length);
System.arraycopy(initData, 0, encrypted, (1 + publicKey.length + iv.length), initData.length);
return encrypted;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
/**
* Marks the SecureChannel as open. Only to be used when writing tests for the SecureChannel, in normal operation this
* would only make things wrong.
*
*/
protected void setOpen() {
open = true;
}
/**
* Calculates a CMAC from the metadata and data provided and sets it as the IV for the next message.
*
* @param meta metadata
* @param data data
*/
private void updateIV(byte[] meta, byte[] data) {
try {
sessionMac.init(sessionMacKey);
sessionMac.update(meta, 0, meta.length);
sessionMac.update(data, 0, data.length);
sessionMac.doFinal(iv, 0);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Is BouncyCastle in the classpath?", e);
}
}
}