174 lines
7.0 KiB
Markdown
174 lines
7.0 KiB
Markdown
|
[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/com/golang-migrate/migrate/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.com/golang-migrate/migrate)
|
||
|
[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang-migrate/migrate?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang-migrate/migrate)
|
||
|
[![Coverage Status](https://img.shields.io/coveralls/github/golang-migrate/migrate/master.svg)](https://coveralls.io/github/golang-migrate/migrate?branch=master)
|
||
|
[![packagecloud.io](https://img.shields.io/badge/deb-packagecloud.io-844fec.svg)](https://packagecloud.io/golang-migrate/migrate?filter=debs)
|
||
|
[![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/migrate/migrate.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/migrate/migrate/)
|
||
|
![Supported Go Versions](https://img.shields.io/badge/Go-1.11%2C%201.12-lightgrey.svg)
|
||
|
[![GitHub Release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/golang-migrate/migrate.svg)](https://github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/releases)
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
# migrate
|
||
|
|
||
|
__Database migrations written in Go. Use as [CLI](#cli-usage) or import as [library](#use-in-your-go-project).__
|
||
|
|
||
|
* Migrate reads migrations from [sources](#migration-sources)
|
||
|
and applies them in correct order to a [database](#databases).
|
||
|
* Drivers are "dumb", migrate glues everything together and makes sure the logic is bulletproof.
|
||
|
(Keeps the drivers lightweight, too.)
|
||
|
* Database drivers don't assume things or try to correct user input. When in doubt, fail.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Forked from [mattes/migrate](https://github.com/mattes/migrate)
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Databases
|
||
|
|
||
|
Database drivers run migrations. [Add a new database?](database/driver.go)
|
||
|
|
||
|
* [PostgreSQL](database/postgres)
|
||
|
* [Redshift](database/redshift)
|
||
|
* [Ql](database/ql)
|
||
|
* [Cassandra](database/cassandra)
|
||
|
* [SQLite](database/sqlite3) ([todo #165](https://github.com/mattes/migrate/issues/165))
|
||
|
* [MySQL/ MariaDB](database/mysql)
|
||
|
* [Neo4j](database/neo4j) ([todo #167](https://github.com/mattes/migrate/issues/167))
|
||
|
* [MongoDB](database/mongodb)
|
||
|
* [CrateDB](database/crate) ([todo #170](https://github.com/mattes/migrate/issues/170))
|
||
|
* [Shell](database/shell) ([todo #171](https://github.com/mattes/migrate/issues/171))
|
||
|
* [Google Cloud Spanner](database/spanner)
|
||
|
* [CockroachDB](database/cockroachdb)
|
||
|
* [ClickHouse](database/clickhouse)
|
||
|
* [Firebird](database/firebird) ([todo #49](https://github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/issues/49))
|
||
|
* [MS SQL Server](database/sqlserver)
|
||
|
|
||
|
### Database URLs
|
||
|
|
||
|
Database connection strings are specified via URLs. The URL format is driver dependent but generally has the form: `dbdriver://username:password@host:port/dbname?option1=true&option2=false`
|
||
|
|
||
|
Any [reserved URL characters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding#Percent-encoding_reserved_characters) need to be escaped. Note, the `%` character also [needs to be escaped](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding#Percent-encoding_the_percent_character)
|
||
|
|
||
|
Explicitly, the following characters need to be escaped:
|
||
|
`!`, `#`, `$`, `%`, `&`, `'`, `(`, `)`, `*`, `+`, `,`, `/`, `:`, `;`, `=`, `?`, `@`, `[`, `]`
|
||
|
|
||
|
It's easiest to always run the URL parts of your DB connection URL (e.g. username, password, etc) through an URL encoder. See the example Python snippets below:
|
||
|
```bash
|
||
|
$ python3 -c 'import urllib.parse; print(urllib.parse.quote(input("String to encode: "), ""))'
|
||
|
String to encode: FAKEpassword!#$%&'()*+,/:;=?@[]
|
||
|
FAKEpassword%21%23%24%25%26%27%28%29%2A%2B%2C%2F%3A%3B%3D%3F%40%5B%5D
|
||
|
$ python2 -c 'import urllib; print urllib.quote(raw_input("String to encode: "), "")'
|
||
|
String to encode: FAKEpassword!#$%&'()*+,/:;=?@[]
|
||
|
FAKEpassword%21%23%24%25%26%27%28%29%2A%2B%2C%2F%3A%3B%3D%3F%40%5B%5D
|
||
|
$
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Migration Sources
|
||
|
|
||
|
Source drivers read migrations from local or remote sources. [Add a new source?](source/driver.go)
|
||
|
|
||
|
* [Filesystem](source/file) - read from fileystem
|
||
|
* [Go-Bindata](source/go_bindata) - read from embedded binary data ([jteeuwen/go-bindata](https://github.com/jteeuwen/go-bindata))
|
||
|
* [Github](source/github) - read from remote Github repositories
|
||
|
* [Gitlab](source/gitlab) - read from remote Gitlab repositories
|
||
|
* [AWS S3](source/aws_s3) - read from Amazon Web Services S3
|
||
|
* [Google Cloud Storage](source/google_cloud_storage) - read from Google Cloud Platform Storage
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
## CLI usage
|
||
|
|
||
|
* Simple wrapper around this library.
|
||
|
* Handles ctrl+c (SIGINT) gracefully.
|
||
|
* No config search paths, no config files, no magic ENV var injections.
|
||
|
|
||
|
__[CLI Documentation](cli)__
|
||
|
|
||
|
### Basic usage:
|
||
|
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
$ migrate -source file://path/to/migrations -database postgres://localhost:5432/database up 2
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
### Docker usage
|
||
|
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
$ docker run -v {{ migration dir }}:/migrations --network host migrate/migrate
|
||
|
-path=/migrations/ -database postgres://localhost:5432/database up 2
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Use in your Go project
|
||
|
|
||
|
* API is stable and frozen for this release (v3 & v4).
|
||
|
* Uses [Go modules](https://golang.org/cmd/go/#hdr-Modules__module_versions__and_more) to manage dependencies.
|
||
|
* To help prevent database corruptions, it supports graceful stops via `GracefulStop chan bool`.
|
||
|
* Bring your own logger.
|
||
|
* Uses `io.Reader` streams internally for low memory overhead.
|
||
|
* Thread-safe and no goroutine leaks.
|
||
|
|
||
|
__[Go Documentation](https://godoc.org/github.com/golang-migrate/migrate)__
|
||
|
|
||
|
```go
|
||
|
import (
|
||
|
"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"
|
||
|
_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/postgres"
|
||
|
_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/github"
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
func main() {
|
||
|
m, err := migrate.New(
|
||
|
"github://mattes:personal-access-token@mattes/migrate_test",
|
||
|
"postgres://localhost:5432/database?sslmode=enable")
|
||
|
m.Steps(2)
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
Want to use an existing database client?
|
||
|
|
||
|
```go
|
||
|
import (
|
||
|
"database/sql"
|
||
|
_ "github.com/lib/pq"
|
||
|
"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"
|
||
|
"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/postgres"
|
||
|
_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/file"
|
||
|
)
|
||
|
|
||
|
func main() {
|
||
|
db, err := sql.Open("postgres", "postgres://localhost:5432/database?sslmode=enable")
|
||
|
driver, err := postgres.WithInstance(db, &postgres.Config{})
|
||
|
m, err := migrate.NewWithDatabaseInstance(
|
||
|
"file:///migrations",
|
||
|
"postgres", driver)
|
||
|
m.Steps(2)
|
||
|
}
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Migration files
|
||
|
|
||
|
Each migration has an up and down migration. [Why?](FAQ.md#why-two-separate-files-up-and-down-for-a-migration)
|
||
|
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
1481574547_create_users_table.up.sql
|
||
|
1481574547_create_users_table.down.sql
|
||
|
```
|
||
|
|
||
|
[Best practices: How to write migrations.](MIGRATIONS.md)
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Versions
|
||
|
|
||
|
Version | Supported? | Import | Notes
|
||
|
--------|------------|--------|------
|
||
|
**master** | :white_check_mark: | `import "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"` | New features and bug fixes arrive here first |
|
||
|
**v4** | :white_check_mark: | `import "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"` | Used for stable releases |
|
||
|
**v3** | :x: | `import "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate"` (with package manager) or `import "gopkg.in/golang-migrate/migrate.v3"` (not recommended) | **DO NOT USE** - No longer supported |
|
||
|
|
||
|
## Development and Contributing
|
||
|
|
||
|
Yes, please! [`Makefile`](Makefile) is your friend,
|
||
|
read the [development guide](CONTRIBUTING.md).
|
||
|
|
||
|
Also have a look at the [FAQ](FAQ.md).
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
---
|
||
|
|
||
|
Looking for alternatives? [https://awesome-go.com/#database](https://awesome-go.com/#database).
|