mirror of https://github.com/status-im/specs.git
provide details about peers discovery implementation in client
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Adam Babik
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@ -16,32 +16,36 @@ This document consists of two parts. The first outlines the specifications that
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have to be implemented in order to be a full Status client. The second gives a design rationale and answers some common questions.
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## Table of Contents
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- [Abstract](#abstract)
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- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
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- [Introduction](#introduction)
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- [Status Client Specification](#status-client-specification)
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- [Abstract](#abstract)
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- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
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- [Introduction](#introduction)
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- [Protocol layers](#protocol-layers)
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- [Components](#components)
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- [Components](#components)
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- [P2P Overlay](#p2p-overlay)
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- [Node discovery and roles](#node-discovery-and-roles)
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- [Bootstrapping](#bootstrapping)
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- [Discovery](#discovery)
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- [Mobile nodes](#mobile-nodes)
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- [Node discovery and roles](#node-discovery-and-roles)
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- [Bootstrapping](#bootstrapping)
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- [Discovery](#discovery)
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- [Mobile nodes](#mobile-nodes)
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- [Transport privacy and Whisper usage](#transport-privacy-and-whisper-usage)
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- [Secure Transport](#secure-transport)
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- [Data Sync](#data-sync)
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- [Payloads and clients](#payloads-and-clients)
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- [Security Considerations](#security-considerations)
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- [Design Rationale](#design-rationale)
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- [Security Considerations](#security-considerations)
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- [Censorship-resistance](#censorship-resistance)
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- [Design Rationale](#design-rationale)
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- [P2P Overlay](#p2p-overlay-1)
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- [Why devp2p? Why not use libp2p?](#why-devp2p-why-not-use-libp2p)
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- [What about other RLPx subprotocols like LES, and Swarm?](#what-about-other-rlpx-subprotocols-like-les-and-swarm)
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- [Why do you use Whisper?](#why-do-you-use-whisper)
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- [I heard you were moving away from Whisper?](#i-heard-you-were-moving-away-from-whisper)
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- [Why is PoW for Whisper set so low?](#why-is-pow-for-whisper-set-so-low)
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- [Why do you not use Discovery v5 for node discovery?](#why-do-you-not-use-discovery-v5-for-node-discovery)
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- [I heard something about mailservers being trusted somehow?](#i-heard-something-about-mailservers-being-trusted-somehow)
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- [Footnotes](#footnotes)
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- [Acknowledgements](#acknowledgements)
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- [Why devp2p? Why not use libp2p?](#why-devp2p-why-not-use-libp2p)
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- [What about other RLPx subprotocols like LES, and Swarm?](#what-about-other-rlpx-subprotocols-like-les-and-swarm)
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- [Why do you use Whisper?](#why-do-you-use-whisper)
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- [I heard you were moving away from Whisper?](#i-heard-you-were-moving-away-from-whisper)
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- [Why is PoW for Whisper set so low?](#why-is-pow-for-whisper-set-so-low)
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- [Why do you not use Discovery v5 for node discovery?](#why-do-you-not-use-discovery-v5-for-node-discovery)
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- [I heard something about mailservers being trusted somehow?](#i-heard-something-about-mailservers-being-trusted-somehow)
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- [Data sync](#data-sync)
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- [Why is MVDS not used for public chats?](#why-is-mvds-not-used-for-public-chats)
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- [Footnotes](#footnotes)
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- [Acknowledgements](#acknowledgements)
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## Introduction
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@ -97,7 +101,19 @@ nodes allow you to discover other nodes of the network.
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Currently the main bootstrap nodes are provided by Status Gmbh, but anyone can
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run these provided they are connected to the rest of the Whisper network.
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<!-- TODO: Add a link to bootstrap nodes -->
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Status maintains a list of boootstrap nodes in the following locations:
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- Asia:
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- `enode://e8a7c03b58911e98bbd66accb2a55d57683f35b23bf9dfca89e5e244eb5cc3f25018b4112db507faca34fb69ffb44b362f79eda97a669a8df29c72e654416784@47.91.224.35:443`
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- `enode://43947863cfa5aad1178f482ac35a8ebb9116cded1c23f7f9af1a47badfc1ee7f0dd9ec0543417cc347225a6e47e46c6873f647559e43434596c54e17a4d3a1e4@47.52.74.140:443`
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- Europe:
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- `enode://436cc6f674928fdc9a9f7990f2944002b685d1c37f025c1be425185b5b1f0900feaf1ccc2a6130268f9901be4a7d252f37302c8335a2c1a62736e9232691cc3a@174.138.105.243:443`
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- `enode://5395aab7833f1ecb671b59bf0521cf20224fe8162fc3d2675de4ee4d5636a75ec32d13268fc184df8d1ddfa803943906882da62a4df42d4fccf6d17808156a87@206.189.243.57:443`
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- North America:
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- `enode://7427dfe38bd4cf7c58bb96417806fab25782ec3e6046a8053370022cbaa281536e8d64ecd1b02e1f8f72768e295d06258ba43d88304db068e6f2417ae8bcb9a6@104.154.88.123:443`
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- `enode://ebefab39b69bbbe64d8cd86be765b3be356d8c4b24660f65d493143a0c44f38c85a257300178f7845592a1b0332811542e9a58281c835babdd7535babb64efc1@35.202.99.224:443`
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These bootstrap nodes do not change, however, we can't guarantee that it will stay this way forever
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and at some point we might be forced to change them.
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#### Discovery
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@ -109,10 +125,43 @@ v5](https://github.com/ethereum/devp2p/blob/master/discv5/discv5.md) and
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[modifications](https://github.com/status-im/rendezvous#differences-with-original-rendezvous)).
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Additionally, some static nodes MAY also be used.
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This part of the system is currently underspecified and requires further detail.
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A Status client MUST use at least one discovery method or use static nodes
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to communicate with other clients.
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<!-- TODO: This section is way too vague, amend with concrete spec for how to do discovery of Status nodes. -->
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<!-- TODO: Add info on peer list, Discover v5 timespan, static nodes etc - should be enough to discover nodes from a different stack -->
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Discovery V5 uses bootstrap nodes to discover other peers. Bootstrap nodes MUST support
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Discovery V5 protocol as well in order to provide peers. It is kademlia-based discovery mechanism
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and it might consume significant (at least on mobile) amount of network traffic to operate.
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In order to take advantage from simpler and more mobile-friendly peers discovery mechanism,
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i.e. Rendezvous protocol, one MUST provide a list of Rendezvous nodes which speak
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Rendezvous protocol. Rendezvous protocol is request-response discovery mechanism.
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It uses Ethereum Node Records (ENR) to report discovered peers.
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Both peers discovery mechanisms use topics to provide peers with certain capabilities.
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There is no point in returning peers that do not support a particular protocol.
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Status nodes that want to be discovered MUST register to Discovery V5 and/or Rendezvous
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with the `whisper` topic. Status nodes that are mail servers and want to
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be discoverable MUST additionally register with the `whispermail` topic.
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The recommended strategy is to use both mechanisms but at the same time implement a structure
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called `PeerPool`. `PeerPool` is responsible for maintaining an optimal number of peers.
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For mobile nodes, there is no significant advantage to have more than 2-3 peers and one mail server.
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`PeerPool` can notify peers discovery protocol implementations that they should suspend
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their execution because the optimal number of peers is found. They should resume
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if the number of connected peers drops or a mail server disconnects.
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It is worth noticing that an efficient caching strategy can be of great use, especially,
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on mobile devices. Discovered peers can be cached as they rarely change and used
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when the client starts again. In such a case, there might be no need to even start
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peers discovery protocols because cached peers will satisfy the optimal number of peers.
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Alternatively, a client MAY rely exclusively on a list of static peers. This is the most efficient
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way because there is no peers discovery algorithm overhead introduced. The disadvantage
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is that these peers might be gone and without peers discovery mechanism, it won't be possible to find
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new ones.
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The current list of static peers is published on https://fleets.status.im/. `eth.beta` is the current
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group of peers the official Status client uses. The others are test networks.
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#### Mobile nodes
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@ -254,7 +303,7 @@ very bandwidth heavy.
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## Footnotes
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1. <https://github.com/status-im/status-protocol-go/>
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1. <https://github.com/status-im/status-console-client/>
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1. <https://github.com/status-im/status-react/>
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2. <https://github.com/status-im/status-console-client/>
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3. <https://github.com/status-im/status-react/>
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## Acknowledgements
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