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secp256k1/src/ecmult_impl.h

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/******************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2017 Pieter Wuille, Andrew Poelstra, Jonas Nick *
* Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying *
* file COPYING or https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. *
******************************************************************************/
#ifndef SECP256K1_ECMULT_IMPL_H
#define SECP256K1_ECMULT_IMPL_H
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "util.h"
#include "group.h"
#include "scalar.h"
#include "ecmult.h"
#include "precomputed_ecmult.h"
#if defined(EXHAUSTIVE_TEST_ORDER)
/* We need to lower these values for exhaustive tests because
* the tables cannot have infinities in them (this breaks the
* affine-isomorphism stuff which tracks z-ratios) */
# if EXHAUSTIVE_TEST_ORDER > 128
# define WINDOW_A 5
# elif EXHAUSTIVE_TEST_ORDER > 8
# define WINDOW_A 4
# else
# define WINDOW_A 2
# endif
#else
/* optimal for 128-bit and 256-bit exponents. */
# define WINDOW_A 5
/** Larger values for ECMULT_WINDOW_SIZE result in possibly better
* performance at the cost of an exponentially larger precomputed
* table. The exact table size is
* (1 << (WINDOW_G - 2)) * sizeof(secp256k1_ge_storage) bytes,
* where sizeof(secp256k1_ge_storage) is typically 64 bytes but can
* be larger due to platform-specific padding and alignment.
* Two tables of this size are used (due to the endomorphism
* optimization).
*/
#endif
#define WNAF_BITS 128
#define WNAF_SIZE_BITS(bits, w) (((bits) + (w) - 1) / (w))
#define WNAF_SIZE(w) WNAF_SIZE_BITS(WNAF_BITS, w)
/* The number of objects allocated on the scratch space for ecmult_multi algorithms */
#define PIPPENGER_SCRATCH_OBJECTS 6
#define STRAUSS_SCRATCH_OBJECTS 5
#define PIPPENGER_MAX_BUCKET_WINDOW 12
/* Minimum number of points for which pippenger_wnaf is faster than strauss wnaf */
#define ECMULT_PIPPENGER_THRESHOLD 88
#define ECMULT_MAX_POINTS_PER_BATCH 5000000
/** Fill a table 'pre_a' with precomputed odd multiples of a.
* pre_a will contain [1*a,3*a,...,(2*n-1)*a], so it needs space for n group elements.
* zr needs space for n field elements.
*
* Although pre_a is an array of _ge rather than _gej, it actually represents elements
* in Jacobian coordinates with their z coordinates omitted. The omitted z-coordinates
* can be recovered using z and zr. Using the notation z(b) to represent the omitted
* z coordinate of b:
* - z(pre_a[n-1]) = 'z'
* - z(pre_a[i-1]) = z(pre_a[i]) / zr[i] for n > i > 0
*
* Lastly the zr[0] value, which isn't used above, is set so that:
* - a.z = z(pre_a[0]) / zr[0]
*/
static void secp256k1_ecmult_odd_multiples_table(int n, secp256k1_ge *pre_a, secp256k1_fe *zr, secp256k1_fe *z, const secp256k1_gej *a) {
secp256k1_gej d, ai;
secp256k1_ge d_ge;
int i;
VERIFY_CHECK(!a->infinity);
secp256k1_gej_double_var(&d, a, NULL);
/*
* Perform the additions using an isomorphic curve Y^2 = X^3 + 7*C^6 where C := d.z.
* The isomorphism, phi, maps a secp256k1 point (x, y) to the point (x*C^2, y*C^3) on the other curve.
* In Jacobian coordinates phi maps (x, y, z) to (x*C^2, y*C^3, z) or, equivalently to (x, y, z/C).
*
* phi(x, y, z) = (x*C^2, y*C^3, z) = (x, y, z/C)
* d_ge := phi(d) = (d.x, d.y, 1)
* ai := phi(a) = (a.x*C^2, a.y*C^3, a.z)
*
* The group addition functions work correctly on these isomorphic curves.
* In particular phi(d) is easy to represent in affine coordinates under this isomorphism.
* This lets us use the faster secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var group addition function that we wouldn't be able to use otherwise.
*/
secp256k1_ge_set_xy(&d_ge, &d.x, &d.y);
secp256k1_ge_set_gej_zinv(&pre_a[0], a, &d.z);
secp256k1_gej_set_ge(&ai, &pre_a[0]);
ai.z = a->z;
/* pre_a[0] is the point (a.x*C^2, a.y*C^3, a.z*C) which is equvalent to a.
* Set zr[0] to C, which is the ratio between the omitted z(pre_a[0]) value and a.z.
*/
zr[0] = d.z;
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(&ai, &ai, &d_ge, &zr[i]);
secp256k1_ge_set_xy(&pre_a[i], &ai.x, &ai.y);
}
/* Multiply the last z-coordinate by C to undo the isomorphism.
* Since the z-coordinates of the pre_a values are implied by the zr array of z-coordinate ratios,
* undoing the isomorphism here undoes the isomorphism for all pre_a values.
*/
secp256k1_fe_mul(z, &ai.z, &d.z);
}
#define SECP256K1_ECMULT_TABLE_VERIFY(n,w) \
VERIFY_CHECK(((n) & 1) == 1); \
VERIFY_CHECK((n) >= -((1 << ((w)-1)) - 1)); \
VERIFY_CHECK((n) <= ((1 << ((w)-1)) - 1));
SECP256K1_INLINE static void secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge(secp256k1_ge *r, const secp256k1_ge *pre, int n, int w) {
SECP256K1_ECMULT_TABLE_VERIFY(n,w)
if (n > 0) {
*r = pre[(n-1)/2];
} else {
*r = pre[(-n-1)/2];
secp256k1_fe_negate(&(r->y), &(r->y), 1);
}
}
SECP256K1_INLINE static void secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge_lambda(secp256k1_ge *r, const secp256k1_ge *pre, const secp256k1_fe *x, int n, int w) {
SECP256K1_ECMULT_TABLE_VERIFY(n,w)
if (n > 0) {
secp256k1_ge_set_xy(r, &x[(n-1)/2], &pre[(n-1)/2].y);
} else {
secp256k1_ge_set_xy(r, &x[(-n-1)/2], &pre[(-n-1)/2].y);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&(r->y), &(r->y), 1);
}
}
SECP256K1_INLINE static void secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge_storage(secp256k1_ge *r, const secp256k1_ge_storage *pre, int n, int w) {
SECP256K1_ECMULT_TABLE_VERIFY(n,w)
if (n > 0) {
secp256k1_ge_from_storage(r, &pre[(n-1)/2]);
} else {
secp256k1_ge_from_storage(r, &pre[(-n-1)/2]);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&(r->y), &(r->y), 1);
}
}
/** Convert a number to WNAF notation. The number becomes represented by sum(2^i * wnaf[i], i=0..bits),
* with the following guarantees:
* - each wnaf[i] is either 0, or an odd integer between -(1<<(w-1) - 1) and (1<<(w-1) - 1)
* - two non-zero entries in wnaf are separated by at least w-1 zeroes.
* - the number of set values in wnaf is returned. This number is at most 256, and at most one more
* than the number of bits in the (absolute value) of the input.
*/
static int secp256k1_ecmult_wnaf(int *wnaf, int len, const secp256k1_scalar *a, int w) {
secp256k1_scalar s;
int last_set_bit = -1;
int bit = 0;
int sign = 1;
int carry = 0;
VERIFY_CHECK(wnaf != NULL);
VERIFY_CHECK(0 <= len && len <= 256);
VERIFY_CHECK(a != NULL);
VERIFY_CHECK(2 <= w && w <= 31);
memset(wnaf, 0, len * sizeof(wnaf[0]));
s = *a;
if (secp256k1_scalar_get_bits(&s, 255, 1)) {
secp256k1_scalar_negate(&s, &s);
sign = -1;
}
while (bit < len) {
int now;
int word;
if (secp256k1_scalar_get_bits(&s, bit, 1) == (unsigned int)carry) {
bit++;
continue;
}
now = w;
if (now > len - bit) {
now = len - bit;
}
word = secp256k1_scalar_get_bits_var(&s, bit, now) + carry;
carry = (word >> (w-1)) & 1;
word -= carry << w;
wnaf[bit] = sign * word;
last_set_bit = bit;
bit += now;
}
#ifdef VERIFY
CHECK(carry == 0);
while (bit < 256) {
CHECK(secp256k1_scalar_get_bits(&s, bit++, 1) == 0);
}
#endif
return last_set_bit + 1;
}
struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state {
int wnaf_na_1[129];
int wnaf_na_lam[129];
int bits_na_1;
int bits_na_lam;
};
struct secp256k1_strauss_state {
/* aux is used to hold z-ratios, and then used to hold pre_a[i].x * BETA values. */
secp256k1_fe* aux;
secp256k1_ge* pre_a;
struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state* ps;
};
static void secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_wnaf(const struct secp256k1_strauss_state *state, secp256k1_gej *r, size_t num, const secp256k1_gej *a, const secp256k1_scalar *na, const secp256k1_scalar *ng) {
secp256k1_ge tmpa;
secp256k1_fe Z;
/* Split G factors. */
secp256k1_scalar ng_1, ng_128;
int wnaf_ng_1[129];
int bits_ng_1 = 0;
int wnaf_ng_128[129];
int bits_ng_128 = 0;
int i;
int bits = 0;
size_t np;
size_t no = 0;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&Z, 1);
for (np = 0; np < num; ++np) {
secp256k1_gej tmp;
secp256k1_scalar na_1, na_lam;
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_zero(&na[np]) || secp256k1_gej_is_infinity(&a[np])) {
continue;
}
/* split na into na_1 and na_lam (where na = na_1 + na_lam*lambda, and na_1 and na_lam are ~128 bit) */
secp256k1_scalar_split_lambda(&na_1, &na_lam, &na[np]);
/* build wnaf representation for na_1 and na_lam. */
state->ps[no].bits_na_1 = secp256k1_ecmult_wnaf(state->ps[no].wnaf_na_1, 129, &na_1, WINDOW_A);
state->ps[no].bits_na_lam = secp256k1_ecmult_wnaf(state->ps[no].wnaf_na_lam, 129, &na_lam, WINDOW_A);
VERIFY_CHECK(state->ps[no].bits_na_1 <= 129);
VERIFY_CHECK(state->ps[no].bits_na_lam <= 129);
if (state->ps[no].bits_na_1 > bits) {
bits = state->ps[no].bits_na_1;
}
if (state->ps[no].bits_na_lam > bits) {
bits = state->ps[no].bits_na_lam;
}
/* Calculate odd multiples of a.
* All multiples are brought to the same Z 'denominator', which is stored
* in Z. Due to secp256k1' isomorphism we can do all operations pretending
* that the Z coordinate was 1, use affine addition formulae, and correct
* the Z coordinate of the result once at the end.
* The exception is the precomputed G table points, which are actually
* affine. Compared to the base used for other points, they have a Z ratio
* of 1/Z, so we can use secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var, which uses the same
* isomorphism to efficiently add with a known Z inverse.
*/
tmp = a[np];
if (no) {
#ifdef VERIFY
secp256k1_fe_normalize_var(&Z);
#endif
secp256k1_gej_rescale(&tmp, &Z);
}
secp256k1_ecmult_odd_multiples_table(ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), state->pre_a + no * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), state->aux + no * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), &Z, &tmp);
if (no) secp256k1_fe_mul(state->aux + no * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), state->aux + no * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), &(a[np].z));
++no;
}
/* Bring them to the same Z denominator. */
secp256k1_ge_table_set_globalz(ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) * no, state->pre_a, state->aux);
for (np = 0; np < no; ++np) {
for (i = 0; i < ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A); i++) {
secp256k1_fe_mul(&state->aux[np * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) + i], &state->pre_a[np * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) + i].x, &secp256k1_const_beta);
}
}
if (ng) {
/* split ng into ng_1 and ng_128 (where gn = gn_1 + gn_128*2^128, and gn_1 and gn_128 are ~128 bit) */
secp256k1_scalar_split_128(&ng_1, &ng_128, ng);
/* Build wnaf representation for ng_1 and ng_128 */
bits_ng_1 = secp256k1_ecmult_wnaf(wnaf_ng_1, 129, &ng_1, WINDOW_G);
bits_ng_128 = secp256k1_ecmult_wnaf(wnaf_ng_128, 129, &ng_128, WINDOW_G);
if (bits_ng_1 > bits) {
bits = bits_ng_1;
}
if (bits_ng_128 > bits) {
bits = bits_ng_128;
}
}
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
for (i = bits - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
int n;
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, r, NULL);
for (np = 0; np < no; ++np) {
if (i < state->ps[np].bits_na_1 && (n = state->ps[np].wnaf_na_1[i])) {
secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge(&tmpa, state->pre_a + np * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), n, WINDOW_A);
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(r, r, &tmpa, NULL);
}
if (i < state->ps[np].bits_na_lam && (n = state->ps[np].wnaf_na_lam[i])) {
secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge_lambda(&tmpa, state->pre_a + np * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), state->aux + np * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A), n, WINDOW_A);
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(r, r, &tmpa, NULL);
}
}
if (i < bits_ng_1 && (n = wnaf_ng_1[i])) {
secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge_storage(&tmpa, secp256k1_pre_g, n, WINDOW_G);
secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(r, r, &tmpa, &Z);
}
if (i < bits_ng_128 && (n = wnaf_ng_128[i])) {
secp256k1_ecmult_table_get_ge_storage(&tmpa, secp256k1_pre_g_128, n, WINDOW_G);
secp256k1_gej_add_zinv_var(r, r, &tmpa, &Z);
}
}
if (!r->infinity) {
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &r->z, &Z);
}
}
static void secp256k1_ecmult(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_gej *a, const secp256k1_scalar *na, const secp256k1_scalar *ng) {
secp256k1_fe aux[ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A)];
secp256k1_ge pre_a[ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A)];
struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state ps[1];
struct secp256k1_strauss_state state;
state.aux = aux;
state.pre_a = pre_a;
state.ps = ps;
secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_wnaf(&state, r, 1, a, na, ng);
}
static size_t secp256k1_strauss_scratch_size(size_t n_points) {
static const size_t point_size = (sizeof(secp256k1_ge) + sizeof(secp256k1_fe)) * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) + sizeof(struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state) + sizeof(secp256k1_gej) + sizeof(secp256k1_scalar);
return n_points*point_size;
}
static int secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_batch(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n_points, size_t cb_offset) {
secp256k1_gej* points;
secp256k1_scalar* scalars;
struct secp256k1_strauss_state state;
size_t i;
const size_t scratch_checkpoint = secp256k1_scratch_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch);
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
if (inp_g_sc == NULL && n_points == 0) {
return 1;
}
/* We allocate STRAUSS_SCRATCH_OBJECTS objects on the scratch space. If these
* allocations change, make sure to update the STRAUSS_SCRATCH_OBJECTS
* constant and strauss_scratch_size accordingly. */
points = (secp256k1_gej*)secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, n_points * sizeof(secp256k1_gej));
scalars = (secp256k1_scalar*)secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, n_points * sizeof(secp256k1_scalar));
state.aux = (secp256k1_fe*)secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, n_points * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) * sizeof(secp256k1_fe));
state.pre_a = (secp256k1_ge*)secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, n_points * ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(WINDOW_A) * sizeof(secp256k1_ge));
state.ps = (struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state*)secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, n_points * sizeof(struct secp256k1_strauss_point_state));
if (points == NULL || scalars == NULL || state.aux == NULL || state.pre_a == NULL || state.ps == NULL) {
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < n_points; i++) {
secp256k1_ge point;
if (!cb(&scalars[i], &point, i+cb_offset, cbdata)) {
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 0;
}
secp256k1_gej_set_ge(&points[i], &point);
}
secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_wnaf(&state, r, n_points, points, scalars, inp_g_sc);
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 1;
}
/* Wrapper for secp256k1_ecmult_multi_func interface */
static int secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_batch_single(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n) {
return secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_batch(error_callback, scratch, r, inp_g_sc, cb, cbdata, n, 0);
}
static size_t secp256k1_strauss_max_points(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch) {
return secp256k1_scratch_max_allocation(error_callback, scratch, STRAUSS_SCRATCH_OBJECTS) / secp256k1_strauss_scratch_size(1);
}
/** Convert a number to WNAF notation.
* The number becomes represented by sum(2^{wi} * wnaf[i], i=0..WNAF_SIZE(w)+1) - return_val.
* It has the following guarantees:
* - each wnaf[i] is either 0 or an odd integer between -(1 << w) and (1 << w)
* - the number of words set is always WNAF_SIZE(w)
* - the returned skew is 0 or 1
*/
static int secp256k1_wnaf_fixed(int *wnaf, const secp256k1_scalar *s, int w) {
int skew = 0;
int pos;
int max_pos;
int last_w;
const secp256k1_scalar *work = s;
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_zero(s)) {
for (pos = 0; pos < WNAF_SIZE(w); pos++) {
wnaf[pos] = 0;
}
return 0;
}
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_even(s)) {
skew = 1;
}
wnaf[0] = secp256k1_scalar_get_bits_var(work, 0, w) + skew;
/* Compute last window size. Relevant when window size doesn't divide the
* number of bits in the scalar */
last_w = WNAF_BITS - (WNAF_SIZE(w) - 1) * w;
/* Store the position of the first nonzero word in max_pos to allow
* skipping leading zeros when calculating the wnaf. */
for (pos = WNAF_SIZE(w) - 1; pos > 0; pos--) {
int val = secp256k1_scalar_get_bits_var(work, pos * w, pos == WNAF_SIZE(w)-1 ? last_w : w);
if(val != 0) {
break;
}
wnaf[pos] = 0;
}
max_pos = pos;
pos = 1;
while (pos <= max_pos) {
int val = secp256k1_scalar_get_bits_var(work, pos * w, pos == WNAF_SIZE(w)-1 ? last_w : w);
if ((val & 1) == 0) {
wnaf[pos - 1] -= (1 << w);
wnaf[pos] = (val + 1);
} else {
wnaf[pos] = val;
}
/* Set a coefficient to zero if it is 1 or -1 and the proceeding digit
* is strictly negative or strictly positive respectively. Only change
* coefficients at previous positions because above code assumes that
* wnaf[pos - 1] is odd.
*/
if (pos >= 2 && ((wnaf[pos - 1] == 1 && wnaf[pos - 2] < 0) || (wnaf[pos - 1] == -1 && wnaf[pos - 2] > 0))) {
if (wnaf[pos - 1] == 1) {
wnaf[pos - 2] += 1 << w;
} else {
wnaf[pos - 2] -= 1 << w;
}
wnaf[pos - 1] = 0;
}
++pos;
}
return skew;
}
struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state {
int skew_na;
size_t input_pos;
};
struct secp256k1_pippenger_state {
int *wnaf_na;
struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state* ps;
};
/*
* pippenger_wnaf computes the result of a multi-point multiplication as
* follows: The scalars are brought into wnaf with n_wnaf elements each. Then
* for every i < n_wnaf, first each point is added to a "bucket" corresponding
* to the point's wnaf[i]. Second, the buckets are added together such that
* r += 1*bucket[0] + 3*bucket[1] + 5*bucket[2] + ...
*/
static int secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_wnaf(secp256k1_gej *buckets, int bucket_window, struct secp256k1_pippenger_state *state, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *sc, const secp256k1_ge *pt, size_t num) {
size_t n_wnaf = WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1);
size_t np;
size_t no = 0;
int i;
int j;
for (np = 0; np < num; ++np) {
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_zero(&sc[np]) || secp256k1_ge_is_infinity(&pt[np])) {
continue;
}
state->ps[no].input_pos = np;
state->ps[no].skew_na = secp256k1_wnaf_fixed(&state->wnaf_na[no*n_wnaf], &sc[np], bucket_window+1);
no++;
}
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
if (no == 0) {
return 1;
}
for (i = n_wnaf - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
secp256k1_gej running_sum;
for(j = 0; j < ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(bucket_window+2); j++) {
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(&buckets[j]);
}
for (np = 0; np < no; ++np) {
int n = state->wnaf_na[np*n_wnaf + i];
struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state point_state = state->ps[np];
secp256k1_ge tmp;
int idx;
if (i == 0) {
/* correct for wnaf skew */
int skew = point_state.skew_na;
if (skew) {
secp256k1_ge_neg(&tmp, &pt[point_state.input_pos]);
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(&buckets[0], &buckets[0], &tmp, NULL);
}
}
if (n > 0) {
idx = (n - 1)/2;
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(&buckets[idx], &buckets[idx], &pt[point_state.input_pos], NULL);
} else if (n < 0) {
idx = -(n + 1)/2;
secp256k1_ge_neg(&tmp, &pt[point_state.input_pos]);
secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(&buckets[idx], &buckets[idx], &tmp, NULL);
}
}
for(j = 0; j < bucket_window; j++) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, r, NULL);
}
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(&running_sum);
/* Accumulate the sum: bucket[0] + 3*bucket[1] + 5*bucket[2] + 7*bucket[3] + ...
* = bucket[0] + bucket[1] + bucket[2] + bucket[3] + ...
* + 2 * (bucket[1] + 2*bucket[2] + 3*bucket[3] + ...)
* using an intermediate running sum:
* running_sum = bucket[0] + bucket[1] + bucket[2] + ...
*
* The doubling is done implicitly by deferring the final window doubling (of 'r').
*/
for(j = ECMULT_TABLE_SIZE(bucket_window+2) - 1; j > 0; j--) {
secp256k1_gej_add_var(&running_sum, &running_sum, &buckets[j], NULL);
secp256k1_gej_add_var(r, r, &running_sum, NULL);
}
secp256k1_gej_add_var(&running_sum, &running_sum, &buckets[0], NULL);
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, r, NULL);
secp256k1_gej_add_var(r, r, &running_sum, NULL);
}
return 1;
}
/**
* Returns optimal bucket_window (number of bits of a scalar represented by a
* set of buckets) for a given number of points.
*/
static int secp256k1_pippenger_bucket_window(size_t n) {
if (n <= 1) {
return 1;
} else if (n <= 4) {
return 2;
} else if (n <= 20) {
return 3;
} else if (n <= 57) {
return 4;
} else if (n <= 136) {
return 5;
} else if (n <= 235) {
return 6;
} else if (n <= 1260) {
return 7;
} else if (n <= 4420) {
return 9;
} else if (n <= 7880) {
return 10;
} else if (n <= 16050) {
return 11;
} else {
return PIPPENGER_MAX_BUCKET_WINDOW;
}
}
/**
* Returns the maximum optimal number of points for a bucket_window.
*/
static size_t secp256k1_pippenger_bucket_window_inv(int bucket_window) {
switch(bucket_window) {
case 1: return 1;
case 2: return 4;
case 3: return 20;
case 4: return 57;
case 5: return 136;
case 6: return 235;
case 7: return 1260;
case 8: return 1260;
case 9: return 4420;
case 10: return 7880;
case 11: return 16050;
case PIPPENGER_MAX_BUCKET_WINDOW: return SIZE_MAX;
}
return 0;
}
SECP256K1_INLINE static void secp256k1_ecmult_endo_split(secp256k1_scalar *s1, secp256k1_scalar *s2, secp256k1_ge *p1, secp256k1_ge *p2) {
secp256k1_scalar tmp = *s1;
secp256k1_scalar_split_lambda(s1, s2, &tmp);
secp256k1_ge_mul_lambda(p2, p1);
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_high(s1)) {
secp256k1_scalar_negate(s1, s1);
secp256k1_ge_neg(p1, p1);
}
if (secp256k1_scalar_is_high(s2)) {
secp256k1_scalar_negate(s2, s2);
secp256k1_ge_neg(p2, p2);
}
}
/**
* Returns the scratch size required for a given number of points (excluding
* base point G) without considering alignment.
*/
static size_t secp256k1_pippenger_scratch_size(size_t n_points, int bucket_window) {
size_t entries = 2*n_points + 2;
size_t entry_size = sizeof(secp256k1_ge) + sizeof(secp256k1_scalar) + sizeof(struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state) + (WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1)+1)*sizeof(int);
return (sizeof(secp256k1_gej) << bucket_window) + sizeof(struct secp256k1_pippenger_state) + entries * entry_size;
}
static int secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_batch(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n_points, size_t cb_offset) {
const size_t scratch_checkpoint = secp256k1_scratch_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch);
/* Use 2(n+1) with the endomorphism, when calculating batch
* sizes. The reason for +1 is that we add the G scalar to the list of
* other scalars. */
size_t entries = 2*n_points + 2;
secp256k1_ge *points;
secp256k1_scalar *scalars;
secp256k1_gej *buckets;
struct secp256k1_pippenger_state *state_space;
size_t idx = 0;
size_t point_idx = 0;
int i, j;
int bucket_window;
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
if (inp_g_sc == NULL && n_points == 0) {
return 1;
}
bucket_window = secp256k1_pippenger_bucket_window(n_points);
/* We allocate PIPPENGER_SCRATCH_OBJECTS objects on the scratch space. If
* these allocations change, make sure to update the
* PIPPENGER_SCRATCH_OBJECTS constant and pippenger_scratch_size
* accordingly. */
points = (secp256k1_ge *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, entries * sizeof(*points));
scalars = (secp256k1_scalar *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, entries * sizeof(*scalars));
state_space = (struct secp256k1_pippenger_state *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, sizeof(*state_space));
if (points == NULL || scalars == NULL || state_space == NULL) {
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 0;
}
state_space->ps = (struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, entries * sizeof(*state_space->ps));
state_space->wnaf_na = (int *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, entries*(WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1)) * sizeof(int));
buckets = (secp256k1_gej *) secp256k1_scratch_alloc(error_callback, scratch, (1<<bucket_window) * sizeof(*buckets));
if (state_space->ps == NULL || state_space->wnaf_na == NULL || buckets == NULL) {
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 0;
}
if (inp_g_sc != NULL) {
scalars[0] = *inp_g_sc;
points[0] = secp256k1_ge_const_g;
idx++;
secp256k1_ecmult_endo_split(&scalars[0], &scalars[1], &points[0], &points[1]);
idx++;
}
while (point_idx < n_points) {
if (!cb(&scalars[idx], &points[idx], point_idx + cb_offset, cbdata)) {
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 0;
}
idx++;
secp256k1_ecmult_endo_split(&scalars[idx - 1], &scalars[idx], &points[idx - 1], &points[idx]);
idx++;
point_idx++;
}
secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_wnaf(buckets, bucket_window, state_space, r, scalars, points, idx);
/* Clear data */
for(i = 0; (size_t)i < idx; i++) {
secp256k1_scalar_clear(&scalars[i]);
state_space->ps[i].skew_na = 0;
for(j = 0; j < WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1); j++) {
state_space->wnaf_na[i * WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1) + j] = 0;
}
}
for(i = 0; i < 1<<bucket_window; i++) {
secp256k1_gej_clear(&buckets[i]);
}
secp256k1_scratch_apply_checkpoint(error_callback, scratch, scratch_checkpoint);
return 1;
}
/* Wrapper for secp256k1_ecmult_multi_func interface */
static int secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_batch_single(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n) {
return secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_batch(error_callback, scratch, r, inp_g_sc, cb, cbdata, n, 0);
}
/**
* Returns the maximum number of points in addition to G that can be used with
* a given scratch space. The function ensures that fewer points may also be
* used.
*/
static size_t secp256k1_pippenger_max_points(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch) {
size_t max_alloc = secp256k1_scratch_max_allocation(error_callback, scratch, PIPPENGER_SCRATCH_OBJECTS);
int bucket_window;
size_t res = 0;
for (bucket_window = 1; bucket_window <= PIPPENGER_MAX_BUCKET_WINDOW; bucket_window++) {
size_t n_points;
size_t max_points = secp256k1_pippenger_bucket_window_inv(bucket_window);
size_t space_for_points;
size_t space_overhead;
size_t entry_size = sizeof(secp256k1_ge) + sizeof(secp256k1_scalar) + sizeof(struct secp256k1_pippenger_point_state) + (WNAF_SIZE(bucket_window+1)+1)*sizeof(int);
entry_size = 2*entry_size;
space_overhead = (sizeof(secp256k1_gej) << bucket_window) + entry_size + sizeof(struct secp256k1_pippenger_state);
if (space_overhead > max_alloc) {
break;
}
space_for_points = max_alloc - space_overhead;
n_points = space_for_points/entry_size;
n_points = n_points > max_points ? max_points : n_points;
if (n_points > res) {
res = n_points;
}
if (n_points < max_points) {
/* A larger bucket_window may support even more points. But if we
* would choose that then the caller couldn't safely use any number
* smaller than what this function returns */
break;
}
}
return res;
}
/* Computes ecmult_multi by simply multiplying and adding each point. Does not
* require a scratch space */
static int secp256k1_ecmult_multi_simple_var(secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n_points) {
size_t point_idx;
secp256k1_scalar szero;
secp256k1_gej tmpj;
secp256k1_scalar_set_int(&szero, 0);
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(&tmpj);
/* r = inp_g_sc*G */
secp256k1_ecmult(r, &tmpj, &szero, inp_g_sc);
for (point_idx = 0; point_idx < n_points; point_idx++) {
secp256k1_ge point;
secp256k1_gej pointj;
secp256k1_scalar scalar;
if (!cb(&scalar, &point, point_idx, cbdata)) {
return 0;
}
/* r += scalar*point */
secp256k1_gej_set_ge(&pointj, &point);
secp256k1_ecmult(&tmpj, &pointj, &scalar, NULL);
secp256k1_gej_add_var(r, r, &tmpj, NULL);
}
return 1;
}
/* Compute the number of batches and the batch size given the maximum batch size and the
* total number of points */
static int secp256k1_ecmult_multi_batch_size_helper(size_t *n_batches, size_t *n_batch_points, size_t max_n_batch_points, size_t n) {
if (max_n_batch_points == 0) {
return 0;
}
if (max_n_batch_points > ECMULT_MAX_POINTS_PER_BATCH) {
max_n_batch_points = ECMULT_MAX_POINTS_PER_BATCH;
}
if (n == 0) {
*n_batches = 0;
*n_batch_points = 0;
return 1;
}
/* Compute ceil(n/max_n_batch_points) and ceil(n/n_batches) */
*n_batches = 1 + (n - 1) / max_n_batch_points;
*n_batch_points = 1 + (n - 1) / *n_batches;
return 1;
}
typedef int (*secp256k1_ecmult_multi_func)(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch*, secp256k1_gej*, const secp256k1_scalar*, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void*, size_t);
static int secp256k1_ecmult_multi_var(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch *scratch, secp256k1_gej *r, const secp256k1_scalar *inp_g_sc, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void *cbdata, size_t n) {
size_t i;
int (*f)(const secp256k1_callback* error_callback, secp256k1_scratch*, secp256k1_gej*, const secp256k1_scalar*, secp256k1_ecmult_multi_callback cb, void*, size_t, size_t);
size_t n_batches;
size_t n_batch_points;
secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(r);
if (inp_g_sc == NULL && n == 0) {
return 1;
} else if (n == 0) {
secp256k1_scalar szero;
secp256k1_scalar_set_int(&szero, 0);
secp256k1_ecmult(r, r, &szero, inp_g_sc);
return 1;
}
if (scratch == NULL) {
return secp256k1_ecmult_multi_simple_var(r, inp_g_sc, cb, cbdata, n);
}
/* Compute the batch sizes for Pippenger's algorithm given a scratch space. If it's greater than
* a threshold use Pippenger's algorithm. Otherwise use Strauss' algorithm.
* As a first step check if there's enough space for Pippenger's algo (which requires less space
* than Strauss' algo) and if not, use the simple algorithm. */
if (!secp256k1_ecmult_multi_batch_size_helper(&n_batches, &n_batch_points, secp256k1_pippenger_max_points(error_callback, scratch), n)) {
return secp256k1_ecmult_multi_simple_var(r, inp_g_sc, cb, cbdata, n);
}
if (n_batch_points >= ECMULT_PIPPENGER_THRESHOLD) {
f = secp256k1_ecmult_pippenger_batch;
} else {
if (!secp256k1_ecmult_multi_batch_size_helper(&n_batches, &n_batch_points, secp256k1_strauss_max_points(error_callback, scratch), n)) {
return secp256k1_ecmult_multi_simple_var(r, inp_g_sc, cb, cbdata, n);
}
f = secp256k1_ecmult_strauss_batch;
}
for(i = 0; i < n_batches; i++) {
size_t nbp = n < n_batch_points ? n : n_batch_points;
size_t offset = n_batch_points*i;
secp256k1_gej tmp;
if (!f(error_callback, scratch, &tmp, i == 0 ? inp_g_sc : NULL, cb, cbdata, nbp, offset)) {
return 0;
}
secp256k1_gej_add_var(r, r, &tmp, NULL);
n -= nbp;
}
return 1;
}
#endif /* SECP256K1_ECMULT_IMPL_H */
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