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nimbus-eth2/beacon_chain/spec/helpers.nim

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# beacon_chain
# Copyright (c) 2018-2024 Status Research & Development GmbH
# Licensed and distributed under either of
# * MIT license (license terms in the root directory or at https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT).
# * Apache v2 license (license terms in the root directory or at https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).
# at your option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.
{.push raises: [].}
# Uncategorized helper functions from the spec
import
# Status libraries
stew/[byteutils, endians2, objects, saturation_arith],
chronicles,
eth/common/[eth_types, eth_types_rlp],
eth/rlp, eth/trie/[db, hexary],
# Internal
"."/[eth2_merkleization, forks, ssz_codec]
# TODO although eth2_merkleization already exports ssz_codec, *sometimes* code
# fails to compile if the export is not done here also. Exporting rlp avoids a
# generics sandwich where rlp/writer.append() is not seen, by a caller outside
# this module via compute_execution_block_hash() called from block_processor.
export
eth2_merkleization, forks, rlp, ssz_codec
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/phase0/weak-subjectivity.md#constants
const ETH_TO_GWEI = 1_000_000_000.Gwei
func toEther*(gwei: Gwei): Ether =
(gwei div ETH_TO_GWEI).Ether
func toGwei*(eth: Ether): Gwei =
distinctBase(eth) * ETH_TO_GWEI
type
ExecutionHash256* = eth_types.Hash256
ExecutionTransaction* = eth_types.Transaction
ExecutionReceipt* = eth_types.Receipt
ExecutionWithdrawal* = eth_types.Withdrawal
ExecutionBlockHeader* = eth_types.BlockHeader
FinalityCheckpoints* = object
justified*: Checkpoint
finalized*: Checkpoint
func shortLog*(v: FinalityCheckpoints): auto =
(
justified: shortLog(v.justified),
finalized: shortLog(v.finalized)
)
chronicles.formatIt FinalityCheckpoints: it.shortLog
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.7/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#integer_squareroot
func integer_squareroot*(n: SomeInteger): SomeInteger =
## Return the largest integer ``x`` such that ``x**2 <= n``.
doAssert n >= 0'u64
if n == high(uint64):
return 4294967295'u64
var
x = n
y = (x + 1) div 2
while y < x:
x = y
y = (x + n div x) div 2
x
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.7/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#is_active_validator
func is_active_validator*(validator: Validator, epoch: Epoch): bool =
## Check if ``validator`` is active.
validator.activation_epoch <= epoch and epoch < validator.exit_epoch
func is_exited_validator*(validator: Validator, epoch: Epoch): bool =
## Check if ``validator`` is exited.
validator.exit_epoch <= epoch
func is_withdrawable_validator*(validator: Validator, epoch: Epoch): bool =
epoch >= validator.withdrawable_epoch
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_active_validator_indices
iterator get_active_validator_indices*(state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch):
ValidatorIndex =
for vidx in state.validators.vindices:
if is_active_validator(state.validators[vidx], epoch):
yield vidx
func get_active_validator_indices*(state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch):
seq[ValidatorIndex] =
## Return the sequence of active validator indices at ``epoch``.
var res = newSeqOfCap[ValidatorIndex](state.validators.len)
for vidx in get_active_validator_indices(state, epoch):
res.add vidx
res
func get_active_validator_indices_len*(state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch):
uint64 =
for vidx in state.validators.vindices:
if is_active_validator(state.validators.item(vidx), epoch):
inc result
func get_active_validator_indices_len*(
state: ForkedHashedBeaconState; epoch: Epoch): uint64 =
withState(state):
get_active_validator_indices_len(forkyState.data, epoch)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_current_epoch
func get_current_epoch*(state: ForkyBeaconState): Epoch =
## Return the current epoch.
state.slot.epoch
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_current_epoch
func get_current_epoch*(state: ForkedHashedBeaconState): Epoch =
## Return the current epoch.
withState(state): get_current_epoch(forkyState.data)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_previous_epoch
func get_previous_epoch*(
state: ForkyBeaconState | ForkedHashedBeaconState): Epoch =
## Return the previous epoch (unless the current epoch is ``GENESIS_EPOCH``).
get_previous_epoch(get_current_epoch(state))
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_randao_mix
func get_randao_mix*(state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch): Eth2Digest =
## Return the randao mix at a recent ``epoch``.
state.randao_mixes[epoch mod EPOCHS_PER_HISTORICAL_VECTOR]
func bytes_to_uint32*(data: openArray[byte]): uint32 =
doAssert data.len == 4
# Little-endian data representation
uint32.fromBytesLE(data)
func bytes_to_uint64*(data: openArray[byte]): uint64 =
doAssert data.len == 8
# Little-endian data representation
uint64.fromBytesLE(data)
func uint_to_bytes*(x: uint64): array[8, byte] = toBytesLE(x)
func uint_to_bytes*(x: uint32): array[4, byte] = toBytesLE(x)
func uint_to_bytes*(x: uint16): array[2, byte] = toBytesLE(x)
func uint_to_bytes*(x: uint8): array[1, byte] = toBytesLE(x)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.7/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#compute_domain
func compute_domain*(
domain_type: DomainType,
fork_version: Version,
genesis_validators_root: Eth2Digest = ZERO_HASH): Eth2Domain =
## Return the domain for the ``domain_type`` and ``fork_version``.
#
# TODO toOpenArray can't be used from JavaScript backend
# https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/issues/15952
let fork_data_root =
compute_fork_data_root(fork_version, genesis_validators_root)
result[0..3] = domain_type.data
result[4..31] = fork_data_root.data.toOpenArray(0, 27)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_domain
func get_domain*(
fork: Fork,
domain_type: DomainType,
epoch: Epoch,
genesis_validators_root: Eth2Digest): Eth2Domain =
## Return the signature domain (fork version concatenated with domain type)
## of a message.
let fork_version =
if epoch < fork.epoch:
fork.previous_version
else:
fork.current_version
compute_domain(domain_type, fork_version, genesis_validators_root)
func get_domain*(
state: ForkyBeaconState, domain_type: DomainType, epoch: Epoch): Eth2Domain =
## Return the signature domain (fork version concatenated with domain type)
## of a message.
get_domain(state.fork, domain_type, epoch, state.genesis_validators_root)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.6/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#compute_signing_root
func compute_signing_root*(ssz_object: auto, domain: Eth2Domain): Eth2Digest =
## Return the signing root for the corresponding signing data.
let domain_wrapped_object = SigningData(
object_root: hash_tree_root(ssz_object),
domain: domain
)
hash_tree_root(domain_wrapped_object)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.7/specs/phase0/beacon-chain.md#get_seed
func get_seed*(
state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch, domain_type: DomainType,
mix: Eth2Digest): Eth2Digest =
## Return the seed at ``epoch``.
var seed_input : array[4+8+32, byte]
seed_input[0..3] = domain_type.data
seed_input[4..11] = uint_to_bytes(epoch.uint64)
seed_input[12..43] = mix.data
eth2digest(seed_input)
func get_seed*(state: ForkyBeaconState, epoch: Epoch, domain_type: DomainType):
Eth2Digest =
# Detect potential underflow
static: doAssert EPOCHS_PER_HISTORICAL_VECTOR > MIN_SEED_LOOKAHEAD
let mix = get_randao_mix(state, # Avoid underflow
epoch + EPOCHS_PER_HISTORICAL_VECTOR - MIN_SEED_LOOKAHEAD - 1)
state.get_seed(epoch, domain_type, mix)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/altair/beacon-chain.md#add_flag
func add_flag*(flags: ParticipationFlags, flag_index: TimelyFlag): ParticipationFlags =
let flag = ParticipationFlags(1'u8 shl ord(flag_index))
flags or flag
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/altair/beacon-chain.md#has_flag
func has_flag*(flags: ParticipationFlags, flag_index: TimelyFlag): bool =
let flag = ParticipationFlags(1'u8 shl ord(flag_index))
(flags and flag) == flag
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.4/specs/deneb/p2p-interface.md#check_blob_sidecar_inclusion_proof
func verify_blob_sidecar_inclusion_proof*(
blob_sidecar: BlobSidecar): Result[void, string] =
let gindex = kzg_commitment_inclusion_proof_gindex(blob_sidecar.index)
if not is_valid_merkle_branch(
hash_tree_root(blob_sidecar.kzg_commitment),
blob_sidecar.kzg_commitment_inclusion_proof,
KZG_COMMITMENT_INCLUSION_PROOF_DEPTH,
get_subtree_index(gindex),
blob_sidecar.signed_block_header.message.body_root):
return err("BlobSidecar: inclusion proof not valid")
ok()
func create_blob_sidecars*(
forkyBlck: deneb.SignedBeaconBlock | electra.SignedBeaconBlock,
kzg_proofs: KzgProofs,
blobs: Blobs): seq[BlobSidecar] =
template kzg_commitments: untyped =
forkyBlck.message.body.blob_kzg_commitments
doAssert kzg_proofs.len == blobs.len
doAssert kzg_proofs.len == kzg_commitments.len
var res = newSeqOfCap[BlobSidecar](blobs.len)
let signedBlockHeader = forkyBlck.toSignedBeaconBlockHeader()
for i in 0 ..< blobs.lenu64:
var sidecar = BlobSidecar(
index: i,
blob: blobs[i],
kzg_commitment: kzg_commitments[i],
kzg_proof: kzg_proofs[i],
signed_block_header: signedBlockHeader)
forkyBlck.message.body.build_proof(
kzg_commitment_inclusion_proof_gindex(i),
sidecar.kzg_commitment_inclusion_proof).expect("Valid gindex")
res.add(sidecar)
res
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#is_sync_committee_update
template is_sync_committee_update*(update: SomeForkyLightClientUpdate): bool =
when update is SomeForkyLightClientUpdateWithSyncCommittee:
update.next_sync_committee_branch !=
static(default(typeof(update.next_sync_committee_branch)))
else:
false
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#is_finality_update
template is_finality_update*(update: SomeForkyLightClientUpdate): bool =
when update is SomeForkyLightClientUpdateWithFinality:
update.finality_branch !=
static(default(typeof(update.finality_branch)))
else:
false
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#is_next_sync_committee_known
template is_next_sync_committee_known*(store: ForkyLightClientStore): bool =
store.next_sync_committee !=
static(default(typeof(store.next_sync_committee)))
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#get_safety_threshold
func get_safety_threshold*(store: ForkyLightClientStore): uint64 =
max(
store.previous_max_active_participants,
store.current_max_active_participants
) div 2
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/sync-protocol.md#is_better_update
type LightClientUpdateMetadata* = object
attested_slot*, finalized_slot*, signature_slot*: Slot
has_sync_committee*, has_finality*: bool
num_active_participants*: uint64
func toMeta*(update: SomeForkyLightClientUpdate): LightClientUpdateMetadata =
var meta {.noinit.}: LightClientUpdateMetadata
meta.attested_slot =
update.attested_header.beacon.slot
meta.finalized_slot =
when update is SomeForkyLightClientUpdateWithFinality:
update.finalized_header.beacon.slot
else:
GENESIS_SLOT
meta.signature_slot =
update.signature_slot
meta.has_sync_committee =
when update is SomeForkyLightClientUpdateWithSyncCommittee:
update.is_sync_committee_update
else:
false
meta.has_finality =
when update is SomeForkyLightClientUpdateWithFinality:
update.is_finality_update
else:
false
meta.num_active_participants =
update.sync_aggregate.num_active_participants.uint64
meta
template toMeta*(
update: SomeForkedLightClientUpdate): LightClientUpdateMetadata =
withForkyObject(update):
when lcDataFork > LightClientDataFork.None:
forkyObject.toMeta()
else:
default(LightClientUpdateMetadata)
func is_better_data*(new_meta, old_meta: LightClientUpdateMetadata): bool =
# Compare supermajority (> 2/3) sync committee participation
let
new_has_supermajority =
hasSupermajoritySyncParticipation(new_meta.num_active_participants)
old_has_supermajority =
hasSupermajoritySyncParticipation(old_meta.num_active_participants)
if new_has_supermajority != old_has_supermajority:
return new_has_supermajority > old_has_supermajority
if not new_has_supermajority:
if new_meta.num_active_participants != old_meta.num_active_participants:
return new_meta.num_active_participants > old_meta.num_active_participants
# Compare presence of relevant sync committee
let
new_has_relevant_sync_committee = new_meta.has_sync_committee and
new_meta.attested_slot.sync_committee_period ==
new_meta.signature_slot.sync_committee_period
old_has_relevant_sync_committee = old_meta.has_sync_committee and
old_meta.attested_slot.sync_committee_period ==
old_meta.signature_slot.sync_committee_period
if new_has_relevant_sync_committee != old_has_relevant_sync_committee:
return new_has_relevant_sync_committee > old_has_relevant_sync_committee
# Compare indication of any finality
if new_meta.has_finality != old_meta.has_finality:
return new_meta.has_finality > old_meta.has_finality
# Compare sync committee finality
if new_meta.has_finality:
let
new_has_sync_committee_finality =
new_meta.finalized_slot.sync_committee_period ==
new_meta.attested_slot.sync_committee_period
old_has_sync_committee_finality =
old_meta.finalized_slot.sync_committee_period ==
old_meta.attested_slot.sync_committee_period
if new_has_sync_committee_finality != old_has_sync_committee_finality:
return new_has_sync_committee_finality > old_has_sync_committee_finality
# Tiebreaker 1: Sync committee participation beyond supermajority
if new_meta.num_active_participants != old_meta.num_active_participants:
return new_meta.num_active_participants > old_meta.num_active_participants
# Tiebreaker 2: Prefer older data (fewer changes to best data)
new_meta.attested_slot < old_meta.attested_slot
template is_better_update*[
A, B: SomeForkyLightClientUpdate | ForkedLightClientUpdate](
new_update: A, old_update: B): bool =
is_better_data(toMeta(new_update), toMeta(old_update))
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/p2p-interface.md#getlightclientbootstrap
func contextEpoch*(bootstrap: ForkyLightClientBootstrap): Epoch =
bootstrap.header.beacon.slot.epoch
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/p2p-interface.md#lightclientupdatesbyrange
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/p2p-interface.md#getlightclientfinalityupdate
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0-beta.5/specs/altair/light-client/p2p-interface.md#getlightclientoptimisticupdate
func contextEpoch*(update: SomeForkyLightClientUpdate): Epoch =
update.attested_header.beacon.slot.epoch
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/bellatrix/beacon-chain.md#is_merge_transition_complete
func is_merge_transition_complete*(
state: bellatrix.BeaconState | capella.BeaconState | deneb.BeaconState |
electra.BeaconState): bool =
const defaultExecutionPayloadHeader =
default(typeof(state.latest_execution_payload_header))
state.latest_execution_payload_header != defaultExecutionPayloadHeader
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/sync/optimistic.md#helpers
func is_execution_block*(blck: SomeForkyBeaconBlock): bool =
when typeof(blck).kind >= ConsensusFork.Bellatrix:
const defaultExecutionPayload =
default(typeof(blck.body.execution_payload))
blck.body.execution_payload != defaultExecutionPayload
else:
false
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/bellatrix/beacon-chain.md#is_merge_transition_block
func is_merge_transition_block(
state: bellatrix.BeaconState | capella.BeaconState | deneb.BeaconState |
electra.BeaconState,
body: bellatrix.BeaconBlockBody | bellatrix.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
bellatrix.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
capella.BeaconBlockBody | capella.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
capella.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
deneb.BeaconBlockBody | deneb.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
deneb.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
electra.BeaconBlockBody | electra.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
electra.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody): bool =
const defaultExecutionPayload = default(typeof(body.execution_payload))
not is_merge_transition_complete(state) and
body.execution_payload != defaultExecutionPayload
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/bellatrix/beacon-chain.md#is_execution_enabled
func is_execution_enabled*(
state: bellatrix.BeaconState | capella.BeaconState | deneb.BeaconState |
electra.BeaconState,
body: bellatrix.BeaconBlockBody | bellatrix.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
bellatrix.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
capella.BeaconBlockBody | capella.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
capella.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
deneb.BeaconBlockBody | deneb.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
deneb.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody |
electra.BeaconBlockBody | electra.TrustedBeaconBlockBody |
electra.SigVerifiedBeaconBlockBody): bool =
is_merge_transition_block(state, body) or is_merge_transition_complete(state)
# https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.4.0/specs/bellatrix/beacon-chain.md#compute_timestamp_at_slot
func compute_timestamp_at_slot*(state: ForkyBeaconState, slot: Slot): uint64 =
# Note: This function is unsafe with respect to overflows and underflows.
let slots_since_genesis = slot - GENESIS_SLOT
state.genesis_time + slots_since_genesis * SECONDS_PER_SLOT
proc computeTransactionsTrieRoot*(
payload: ForkyExecutionPayload): ExecutionHash256 =
if payload.transactions.len == 0:
return EMPTY_ROOT_HASH
var tr = initHexaryTrie(newMemoryDB())
for i, transaction in payload.transactions:
try:
tr.put(rlp.encode(i), distinctBase(transaction)) # Already RLP encoded
except RlpError as exc:
doAssert false, "HexaryTrie.put failed: " & $exc.msg
tr.rootHash()
func toExecutionWithdrawal*(
withdrawal: capella.Withdrawal): ExecutionWithdrawal =
ExecutionWithdrawal(
index: withdrawal.index,
validatorIndex: withdrawal.validator_index,
address: EthAddress withdrawal.address.data,
amount: distinctBase(withdrawal.amount))
# https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4895
proc computeWithdrawalsTrieRoot*(
payload: capella.ExecutionPayload | deneb.ExecutionPayload |
electra.ExecutionPayload): ExecutionHash256 =
if payload.withdrawals.len == 0:
return EMPTY_ROOT_HASH
var tr = initHexaryTrie(newMemoryDB())
for i, withdrawal in payload.withdrawals:
try:
tr.put(rlp.encode(i), rlp.encode(toExecutionWithdrawal(withdrawal)))
except RlpError as exc:
doAssert false, "HexaryTrie.put failed: " & $exc.msg
tr.rootHash()
proc blockToBlockHeader*(blck: ForkyBeaconBlock): ExecutionBlockHeader =
template payload: auto = blck.body.execution_payload
static: # `GasInt` is signed. We only use it for hashing.
doAssert sizeof(GasInt) == sizeof(payload.gas_limit)
doAssert sizeof(GasInt) == sizeof(payload.gas_used)
let
txRoot = payload.computeTransactionsTrieRoot()
withdrawalsRoot =
when typeof(payload).kind >= ConsensusFork.Capella:
some payload.computeWithdrawalsTrieRoot()
else:
none(ExecutionHash256)
blobGasUsed =
when typeof(payload).kind >= ConsensusFork.Deneb:
some payload.blob_gas_used
else:
none(uint64)
excessBlobGas =
when typeof(payload).kind >= ConsensusFork.Deneb:
some payload.excess_blob_gas
else:
none(uint64)
parentBeaconBlockRoot =
when typeof(payload).kind >= ConsensusFork.Deneb:
some ExecutionHash256(data: blck.parent_root.data)
else:
none(ExecutionHash256)
ExecutionBlockHeader(
parentHash : payload.parent_hash,
ommersHash : EMPTY_UNCLE_HASH,
coinbase : EthAddress payload.fee_recipient.data,
stateRoot : payload.state_root,
txRoot : txRoot,
receiptRoot : payload.receipts_root,
bloom : payload.logs_bloom.data,
difficulty : default(DifficultyInt),
blockNumber : payload.block_number.u256,
gasLimit : cast[GasInt](payload.gas_limit),
gasUsed : cast[GasInt](payload.gas_used),
timestamp : EthTime(int64.saturate payload.timestamp),
extraData : payload.extra_data.asSeq,
mixDigest : payload.prev_randao, # EIP-4399 `mixDigest` -> `prevRandao`
nonce : default(BlockNonce),
fee : some payload.base_fee_per_gas,
withdrawalsRoot : withdrawalsRoot,
blobGasUsed : blobGasUsed, # EIP-4844
excessBlobGas : excessBlobGas, # EIP-4844
parentBeaconBlockRoot : parentBeaconBlockRoot) # EIP-4788
proc compute_execution_block_hash*(blck: ForkyBeaconBlock): Eth2Digest =
rlpHash blockToBlockHeader(blck)
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