There are situations where all states in the `blockchain_dag` are
occupied and cannot be borrowed.
- headState: Many assumptions in the code that it cannot be advanced
- clearanceState: Resets every time a new block gets imported, including
blocks from non-canonical branches
- epochRefState: Used even more frequently than clearanceState
This means that during the catch-up mechanic where the head state is
slowly advanced to wall clock to catch up on validator duties in the
situation where the canonical head is way behind non-canonical heads,
we cannot use any of the three existing states. In that situation,
Nimbus already consumes an increased amount of memory due to all the
`BlockRef`, fork choice states and so on, so experience is degraded.
It seems reasonable to allocate a fourth state temporarily during that
mechanic, until a new proposal could be made on the canonical chain.
Note that currently, on `unstable`, proposals _do_ happen every couple
hours because sync manager doesn't manage to discover additional heads
in a split-view scenario on Goerli. However, with the branch discovery
module, new blocks are discovered all the time, and the clearanceState
may no longer be borrowed as it is reset to different branch too often.
The extra state could also find other uses in the future, e.g., for
incremental computations as in reindexing the database, or online
collection of historical light client data.
Use the same eviction policy for blocks as already the case for blobs.
FIFO makes more sense, because it favors keeping ancestors of blocks
which need to be applied to the DAG before their children get eligible.
`eth2_network` forgets to descore peers when opening connection times
out. It only descores when opening the connection succeeds and then
there is a subsequent error. The caller cannot distinguish the cases,
so ensure that the descore is also applied if the request fails during
its initial portion.
When quarantining a block from block processor, we should also keep a
copy of its blobs. Otherwise, this involves more network roundtrips
to obtain information we already have. This is in line with how blobs
arrive from gossip and request manager sources. The existing flow does
not work when applying blocks from quarantine, which is addressed here.
Blobs are cached from gossip and other sources for all orphans, not just
those specifically tagged as `blobless`. `blobless` only means that they
are actively fetched from the network. The `MaxBlobs` should be aligned
to match `MaxOrphans`. Note that blobs are tiny compared to blocks, so
this isn't a huge memory hog.
* handle case of unreachable block in `is_optimstic` helper
When a non-canonical block is still in the DB, it can be accessed via
`BlockId`, but `BlockRef` may be unavailable if the block was not
properly cleaned when it got orphaned. Report it as optimistic.
* `template` -> `func`
When checking for `MissingParent`, it may be that the parent block was
already discovered as part of a prior run. In that case, it can be
loaded from storage and processed without having to rediscover the
entire branch from the network. This is similar to #6112 but for blocks
that are discovered via gossip / sync mgr instead of via request mgr.
* Add some duration metering.
Refactor some log statements.
Rework sync contribution deadline waiting.
Add some cancellation reporting handlers.
* Make all validator's shortLog to become validatorLog.
Optimize some logs with logScope.
* Add `raises`.
* More log statements polishing.
During sync, we can skip the `blobSidecarsByRange` request when there
are no blocks with `kzg_commitments` in the blocks data. Avoids running
into throttling from peers during long periods of non-finality.
Each individual blob currently uses as much quota from the network limit
as an entire block does, 128 items per second shared across all peers.
Blobs are 128 KB each instead of up to several MB and are simpler to
encode. There can be multiple per block (6 currently), so allow 2000
blobs per second across all peers. That decreases the cost per block
from `3125 + 3125 * blobs.len` quota (= `[3125, 21875]`) to a lower
`3125 + 200 * blobs.len` quota (= `[3125, 4325]`), accounting for the
slight increase in data transfer and encoding time.
During sync, sometimes the same block gets encountered and added to
quarantine multiple times. If its parent is already known, quarantine
incorrectly registers it as missing, leading to re-download. This can
be fixed by registering the parent's deepest missing parent recursively.
Also increase the stickiness of `missing`. We only perform 4 attempts
within ~16 seconds before giving up. Very frequently, this is not enough
and there is no progress until sync manager kicks in even on holesky.
When restarting beacon node, orphaned blocks remain in the database but
on startup, only the canonical chain as selected by fork choice loads.
When a new block is discovered that builds on top of an orphaned block,
the orphaned block is re-downloaded using sync/request manager, despite
it already being present on disk. Such queries can be answered locally
to improve discovery speed of alternate forks.
During lag spike, e.g., from state replays, peer count can temporarily
drop significantly. Should not have to wait another 60 minutes in that
situation just to be back where one started.
The `clearanceState` points to the latest resolved block, regardless of
whether that block is canonical according to fork choice. If chain is
stalled and we want to prepare for resuming validator duties, we need
a recent state according to fork choice to avoid lag spikes and missing
slot timings.
Nimbus currently stops performing validator duties if the blockchain
does not progress for `node.config.syncHorizon` slots. This means that
the chain won't recover because no new blocks are proposed. To fix that,
continue performing validator duties if no progress is registered for a
long time, and none of our peers is indicating any progress.
#6087 introduced a subtle change to `nim-web3` resulting in `Gwei` to be
serialized differently than before. Using a `distinct` type for `Gwei`
improves type safety and avoids such problems in the future.
On Goerli there are some instances of long streaks of empty epochs due
to different branches being built in parallel. They sometimes lead to
`Request for pruned historical state` logs requiring a BN restart to
resolve. Avoid that by trying to restore states from the entire non-
finalized history, to avoid losing sync in such situtions.
When a config defines a different `INACTIVITY_SCORE_RECOVERY_RATE` than
the default, `process_inactivity_updates` uses an incorrect rate ever
since #2710 when `INACTIVITY_SCORE_RECOVERY_RATE` became configurable.
When there are long periods of non-finality, `nodeIsViableForHead` has
been observed to consume significant time as it repeatedly walks the
non-finalized check graph as part of determining what heads are eligible
for fork choice. Caching the result resolves that.
Overall, it may still be better to prune fork choice more aggressively
when finality advances, to fully avoid the case specced out using the
linear scan. The current implementation is very close to spec, though,
so such a change should not be introduced without thorough testing.
The simple cache should allow significantly better performance on Goerli
while the network is still supported (Mid April).
In `block_dag` there is a max depth of 100 years configured to detect
internal inconsistencies, e.g., circular references. As `BlockRef` was
changed long ago to only reflect the non-finalized chain segment, the
theoretically supported max depth can be reduced and simplified.
We don't need the `cfg` right now, but it makes sense to have the object
passed to the clock so that the API doesn't break if we want to support
configurable `SECONDS_PER_SLOT`. As the `libnimbus_lc` library is not
yet widely used, better to add the argument now than later.
The `syncHorizon` describes the number of empty slots before the beacon
node considers itself to be out of sync. There are two places where we
currently set this to 50 slots, but it makes more sense to base it on
wall time, e.g., the 10 minutes that the default 50 are derived from.
* allow specifying get_proposer_reward block root at state.slot
* Add consensus_block_value calculation.
* Address review comments.
* Post-rebase adjustments.
* Use proper state to calculate consensus block value.
* Revert "allow specifying get_proposer_reward block root at state.slot"
This reverts commit 9fef9a8199f63056060527ac2531acc3b0ed8dcb.
* Fix post-revert problems.
Return back to Gwei.
* Adding test which is not working.
* Do not use test suite if it does not have post-state.
* Add debug logging.
* Increase logging to track sources of balance changes.
* Fix sync committee rewards/penalties calculation.
* Revert "Increase logging to track sources of balance changes."
This reverts commit 32feb20f2fdb66521401710866cd59ecc9951ef8.
* Adopt new vision to block rewards.
* Add block produce logging to VC.
* Remove rewards.nim.
* Eliminate toWei changes.
* Improve UInt256 shortLog.
* Fix conversion procedure.
* Address review comments.
* Fix test.
* Revert "Fix test."
This reverts commit 4948b2c1ec.
---------
Co-authored-by: tersec <tersec@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Etan Kissling <etan@status.im>
Provide additional context in the `syncEth1Chain tick` debug log to aid
with understanding of flow when debugging on a more precise basis than
just having the metrics.
Corrects a regression from #5998 that led to crashes in #6046.
In `trustedNodeSync` mode, the config does not contain genesis keys,
so attempting to load from them is a `Defect`.
Fix the `/eth/v1/beacon/deposit_snapshot` API to produce proper EIP-4881
compatible `DepositTreeSnapshot` responses. The endpoint used to expose
a Nimbus-specific database internal format.
Also fix trusted node sync to consume properly formatted EIP-4881 data
with `--with-deposit-snapshot`, and `--finalized-deposit-tree-snapshot`
beacon node launch option to use the EIP-4881 data. Further ensure that
`ncli_testnet` produces EIP-4881 formatted data for interoperability.
EIP-4881 was never correctly implemented, the `DepositTreeSnapshot`
structure has nothing to do with its actual definition. Reflect that
by renaming the type to a Nimbus-specific `DepositContractSnapshot`,
so that an actual EIP-4881 implementation can use the correct names.
- https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4881#specification
Notably, `DepositTreeSnapshot` contains a compressed sequence in
`finalized`, only containing the minimally required intermediate roots.
That also explains the incorrect REST response reported in #5508.
The non-canonical representation was introduced in #4303 and is also
persisted in the database. We'll have to maintain it for a while.
`nextActionWait` currently shows `n/a` if only proposal is scheduled
but no attestation, e.g., attestation was already made for current
epoch and validator is exiting next epoch so doesn't have another
attestation lined up. It's an edge case but it's still more correct
to also log `nextActionWait` if only proposal is scheduled.
When using `--external-beacon-api-url`, one has to accompany it with
either `--trusted-block-root` or `--trusted-state-root`. If neither is
specified, we can fallback to a deeply finalized noncontroversial block
root. For networks that started post Altair, e.g., Holesky, the genesis
block root fulfills that requirement, as in, it is implicitly trusted.
Therefore, if only `--external-beacon-api-url` is provided without any
`--trusted-block-root` or `--trusted-state-root`, use genesis block root
if it is a viable starting point (post-Altair).
```
build/nimbus_beacon_node \
--network=holesky \
--data-dir="$HOME/Downloads/nimbus/data/holesky" \
"--external-beacon-api-url=http://unstable.holesky.beacon-api.nimbus.team" \
--tcp-port=9010 --udp-port=9010 \
--rest --log-level=DEBUG \
--no-el
```
The exports in `eth2_discovery` produce deprecation warnings as they
refer to `close`, `closeWait` and so on. Turns out that they are not
necessary at all. The `Eth2DiscoveryProtocol` is even already exported
two lines above using `*` marker...
During refactoring of #5959, some implicit `return` were overlooked,
resulting in spurious `err()` being returned without message.
```
{"lvl":"WRN","ts":"2024-02-26 10:12:20.469+00:00","msg":"Beacon nodes report different configuration values","reason":"","service":"fallback_service","node":"http://127.0.0.1:9303[Nimbus/v24.2.1-4e9bc7-stateofus]","node_index":0,"node_roles":"AGBSDT"}
```
Correcting the helpers to return explicit result in all exhaustive
cases so that this cannot happen anymore by accident.
* add EIP-7044 support to keymanager API
When trying to sign `VoluntaryExit` via keymanager API, the logic is not
yet aware of EIP-7044 (part of Deneb). This patch adds missing EIP-7044
support to the keymanager API as well.
As part of this, the VC needs to become aware about:
- `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION`: To correctly form the EIP-7044 signing domain.
The fork schedule does not indicate which of the results, if any,
corresponds to Capella.
- `CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH`: To detect whether Capella was scheduled.
If a BN does not have it in its config while other BNs have it,
this leads to a log if Capella has not activated yet, or marks the BN
as incompatible if Capella already activated.
- `DENEB_FORK_EPOCH`: To check whether EIP-7044 logic should be used.
Related PRs:
- #5120 added support for processing EIP-7044 `VoluntaryExit` messages
as part of the state transition functions (tested by EF spec tests).
- #5953 synced the support from #5120 to gossip validation.
- #5954 added support to the `nimbus_beacon_node deposits exit` command.
- #5956 contains an alternative generic version of `VCForkConfig`.
* address reviewer feedback: letter case, module location, double lookup
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
* Update beacon_chain/rpc/rest_constants.nim
* move `VCRuntimeConfig` back to `rest_types`
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
* fix `getForkVersion` helper
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
In #5120, the `nimbus_beacon_node deposits exit` command was updated for
compatibility with EIP-7044, which forces signatures to be made using
`CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` regardless of the `VoluntaryExit`'s `epoch` after
Deneb is activated.
This update had a regression, as an older mechanism was used to fetch
`RuntimeConfig`, resulting in an encoding issue (#5362). This was then
fixed in #5370, restoring general `deposits exit` functionality.
However, the logic from #5120 has another flaw, as it uses an incorrect
fork version based on the pre-Deneb logic even after Deneb and EIP-7044
are activated. Fix this now, so that `deposits exit` continues to work
correctly after Deneb activates.
In #5120, EIP-7044 support got added to the state transition function to
force `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` to be used when validiting `VoluntaryExit`
messages, irrespective of their `epoch`.
In #5637, similar logic was added when batch verifying BLS signatures,
which is used during gossip validation (libp2p gossipsub, and req/resp).
However, that logic did not match the one introduced in #5120, and only
uses `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` when a `VoluntaryExit`'s `epoch` was set to
a value `>= CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH`. Otherwise, `BELLATRIX_FORK_VERSION`
would still be used when validating `VoluntaryExit`, e.g., with `epoch`
set to `0`, as is the case in this Holesky block:
- https://holesky.beaconcha.in/slot/1076985#voluntary-exits
Extracting the correct logic from #5120 into a function, and reusing it
when verifying BLS signatures fixes this issue, and also leverages the
exhaustive EF test suite that covers the (correct) #5120 logic.
This fix only affects networks that have EIP-7044 applied (post-Deneb).
Without the fix, Deneb blocks with a `VoluntaryExit` with `epoch` set to
`< CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH` incorrectly fail to validate despite being valid.
Incorrect blocks that contain a malicious `VoluntaryExit` with `epoch`
set to `< CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH` and signed using `BELLATRIX_FORK_VERSION`
_would_ pass the BLS verification stage, but subsequently fail the state
transition logic. Such blocks would still correctly be labeled invalid.
During refactoring of #5959, some implicit `return` were overlooked,
resulting in spurious `err()` being returned without message.
```
{"lvl":"WRN","ts":"2024-02-26 10:12:20.469+00:00","msg":"Beacon nodes report different configuration values","reason":"","service":"fallback_service","node":"http://127.0.0.1:9303[Nimbus/v24.2.1-4e9bc7-stateofus]","node_index":0,"node_roles":"AGBSDT"}
```
Correcting the helpers to return explicit result in all exhaustive
cases so that this cannot happen anymore by accident.
* add EIP-7044 support to keymanager API
When trying to sign `VoluntaryExit` via keymanager API, the logic is not
yet aware of EIP-7044 (part of Deneb). This patch adds missing EIP-7044
support to the keymanager API as well.
As part of this, the VC needs to become aware about:
- `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION`: To correctly form the EIP-7044 signing domain.
The fork schedule does not indicate which of the results, if any,
corresponds to Capella.
- `CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH`: To detect whether Capella was scheduled.
If a BN does not have it in its config while other BNs have it,
this leads to a log if Capella has not activated yet, or marks the BN
as incompatible if Capella already activated.
- `DENEB_FORK_EPOCH`: To check whether EIP-7044 logic should be used.
Related PRs:
- #5120 added support for processing EIP-7044 `VoluntaryExit` messages
as part of the state transition functions (tested by EF spec tests).
- #5953 synced the support from #5120 to gossip validation.
- #5954 added support to the `nimbus_beacon_node deposits exit` command.
- #5956 contains an alternative generic version of `VCForkConfig`.
* address reviewer feedback: letter case, module location, double lookup
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
* Update beacon_chain/rpc/rest_constants.nim
* move `VCRuntimeConfig` back to `rest_types`
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
* fix `getForkVersion` helper
---------
Co-authored-by: cheatfate <eugene.kabanov@status.im>
Fix regression from #5842 where `Eth-Execution-Payload-Value` is parsed
into `consensusValue` instead of `Eth-consensus-Block-Value`. We don't
use those values for now, but fixing avoids hard-to-debug bugs later.
In #5120, the `nimbus_beacon_node deposits exit` command was updated for
compatibility with EIP-7044, which forces signatures to be made using
`CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` regardless of the `VoluntaryExit`'s `epoch` after
Deneb is activated.
This update had a regression, as an older mechanism was used to fetch
`RuntimeConfig`, resulting in an encoding issue (#5362). This was then
fixed in #5370, restoring general `deposits exit` functionality.
However, the logic from #5120 has another flaw, as it uses an incorrect
fork version based on the pre-Deneb logic even after Deneb and EIP-7044
are activated. Fix this now, so that `deposits exit` continues to work
correctly after Deneb activates.
In #5120, EIP-7044 support got added to the state transition function to
force `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` to be used when validiting `VoluntaryExit`
messages, irrespective of their `epoch`.
In #5637, similar logic was added when batch verifying BLS signatures,
which is used during gossip validation (libp2p gossipsub, and req/resp).
However, that logic did not match the one introduced in #5120, and only
uses `CAPELLA_FORK_VERSION` when a `VoluntaryExit`'s `epoch` was set to
a value `>= CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH`. Otherwise, `BELLATRIX_FORK_VERSION`
would still be used when validating `VoluntaryExit`, e.g., with `epoch`
set to `0`, as is the case in this Holesky block:
- https://holesky.beaconcha.in/slot/1076985#voluntary-exits
Extracting the correct logic from #5120 into a function, and reusing it
when verifying BLS signatures fixes this issue, and also leverages the
exhaustive EF test suite that covers the (correct) #5120 logic.
This fix only affects networks that have EIP-7044 applied (post-Deneb).
Without the fix, Deneb blocks with a `VoluntaryExit` with `epoch` set to
`< CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH` incorrectly fail to validate despite being valid.
Incorrect blocks that contain a malicious `VoluntaryExit` with `epoch`
set to `< CAPELLA_FORK_EPOCH` and signed using `BELLATRIX_FORK_VERSION`
_would_ pass the BLS verification stage, but subsequently fail the state
transition logic. Such blocks would still correctly be labeled invalid.
This PR allows sharing the pubkey data between validators by using a
thread-local cache for pubkey data, netting about a 400mb mem usage
reduction on holesky due to us keeping 3 permanent + several ephemeral
state copies in memory at all times and each state copy holding a full
validator.
The PR also introduces a hash cache for the key which gives ~14% speedup
for a full state `hash_tree_root` - the key makes up for a large part of
the `Validator` htr time.
Finally, the time it takes to copy a state goes down as well from ~80m
ms to ~60, for reasons similar to htr.
We use a `ptr` even if a `ref` could in theory have been used - there is
not much practical benefit to a `ref` (given it's mutable) while a `ptr`
is cheaper and easier to copy (when copying temporary states).
We could go further and cache a cooked pubkey but it turns out this is
quite intrusive - in all the relevant places, we're already using a
cooked key from the immutable validator data so there are no immediate
performance gains of doing so while managing the compressed -> cooked
key mapping would become more difficult - something for a future PR
perhaps.
Co-authored-by: Etan Kissling <etan@status.im>
* track latest duration instead of total in new timing metrics
Change `db_checkpoint_seconds` and `state_replay_seconds` metrics to
record the latest duration instead of the total. `nim-metrics` already
synthesizes a `_total` metric from these implicitly.
* still have to use inc, metrics only synthesizes the name not the sum
* prefix with `beacon_dag`
Validator monitoring gained 2 new metrics for tracking when blocks are
included or not on the head chain.
Similar to attestations, if the block is produced in epoch N, reporting
will use the state when switching to epoch N+2 to do the reporting (so
as to reasonably stabilise the block inclusion in the face of reorgs).
Database checkpointing can take seconds, e.g., while Geth is syncing.
Add a debug log + metric for it, and also info log if it takes longer
than 250ms, same as for the existing `State replayed` log. If the log
shows up for a user while the system is not overloaded, it may point
to slow disk speed or thermal issue.
Etan Kissling
tersec
Eugene Kabanov
Fredrik Svantes
andri lim
Jacek Sieka
Zahary Karadjov