The EVM stack is a hot spot in EVM execution and we end up paying a nim
seq tax in several ways, adding up to ~5% of execution time:
* on initial allocation, all bytes get zeroed - this means we have to
choose between allocating a full stack or just a partial one and then
growing it
* pushing and popping introduce additional zeroing
* reallocations on growth copy + zero - expensive again!
* redundant range checking on every operation reducing inlining etc
Here a custom stack using C memory is instroduced:
* no zeroing on allocation
* full stack allocated on EVM startup -> no reallocation during
execution
* fast push/pop - no zeroing again
* 32-byte alignment - this makes it easier for the compiler to use
vector instructions
* no stack allocated for precompiles (these never use it anyway)
Of course, this change also means we have to manage memory manually -
for the EVM, this turns out to be not too bad because we already manage
database transactions the same way (they have to be freed "manually") so
we can simply latch on to this mechanism.
While we're at it, this PR also skips database lookup for known
precompiles by resolving such addresses earlier.
* partial commit
* fixes
* remove converters too
* revert changes on nimbus_verified_proxy
* revert changes in converter
* revert changes(re-xport) in rpc_types
* update copyright year
* replace types in other binaries
* chain config bug
* fix rebase conflict imcomplete buffer
* fix more rebase buffers
* remove ditto types and converters
* fix the tests
* update copyright year
This is a minimal set of changes to make things work with the new types
in nim-eth - this is the minimal PR that merely resolves
incompatibilities while the full change set would include more cleanup
and migration.
It is common for many accounts to share the same code - at the database
level, code is stored by hash meaning only one copy exists per unique
program but when loaded in memory, a copy is made for each account.
Further, every time we execute the code, it must be scanned for invalid
jump destinations which slows down EVM exeuction.
Finally, the extcodesize call causes code to be loaded even if only the
size is needed.
This PR improves on all these points by introducing a shared
CodeBytesRef type whose code section is immutable and that can be shared
between accounts. Further, a dedicated `len` API call is added so that
the EXTCODESIZE opcode can operate without polluting the GC and code
cache, for cases where only the size is requested - rocksdb will in this
case cache the code itself in the row cache meaning that lookup of the
code itself remains fast when length is asked for first.
With 16k code entries, there's a 90% hit rate which goes up to 99%
during the 2.3M attack - the cache significantly lowers memory
consumption and execution time not only during this event but across the
board.
* Bump nim-eth, nim-web3, nimbus-eth2
- Replace std.Option with results.Opt
- Fields name changes
* More fixes
* Fix Portal stream async raises and portal testnet Opt usage
* Bump eth + nimbus-eth2 + more fixes related to eth_types changes
* Fix in utp test app and nimbus-eth2 bump
* Fix test_blockchain_json rebase conflict
* Fix EVMC block_timestamp conversion plus commentary
---------
Co-authored-by: kdeme <kim.demey@gmail.com>
* Remove exception from evm memory
* Remove exception from gas meter
* Remove exception from stack
* Remove exception from precompiles
* Remove exception from gas_costs
* Remove exception from op handlers
* Remove exception from op dispatcher
* Remove exception from call_evm
* Remove exception from EVM
* Fix tools and tests
* Remove exception from EVMC
* fix evmc
* Fix evmc
* Remove remnants of async evm stuff
* Remove superflous error handling
* Proc to func
* Fix errors detected by CI
* Fix EVM op call stack usage
* REmove exception handling from getVmState
* Better error message instead of just doAssert
* Remove unused validation
* Remove superflous catchRaise
* Use results.expect instead of unsafeValue
* Attempt to roll back stateless mode implementation in a single PR
why:
+ Stateless mode is not fully working and in the way
+ Single PR should make it feasible to investigate for a possible
re-implementation
* Fix copyright year
* Fix annotation for exception (evmc mode)
* Activate `LedgerRef` wrapper for `AccountsCache`
details:
`accounts_cache.nim` methods are indirectly processed by the wrapper
methods from `ledger.nim`.
This works for all sources except `test_state_db.nim` where the source
`accounts_cache.nim` is included (rather than imported) in order to
access objects privy to the very source.
* Provide facility to switch to a preselected `LedgerRef` type
details:
Can be set as suggestion when initialising `CommonRef`
* Update `CoreDb` test suite for better time tracking
details:
+ Allow time logging by pre-defined block intervals
+ Print `CoreDb`/`Ledger`profiling results (if enabled)
Also embed evmc_status_code to computation.error, and make
the tracer produce cleaner output. No more "Revert opcode executed"
error message. We can distinguish error code between REVERT
and FAILURE in a more cleaner way.
simplify EVM and delegete those things to accounts cache.
also no more manual state clearing, accounts cache will be
responsible for both collecting touched account and perform
state clearing.
* Removed some Windows specific unit test annoyances
details:
+ Short put()/get() cycles on persistent database have a race condition
with vendor rocksdb. On a specific (and slow) qemu/win7 a 50ms `sleep()`
in between will mostly do the job (i.e. unless heavy CPU load.) This
issue was not observed on github/ci.
+ Removed annoyances when qemu/Win7 keeps the rocksdb database files
locked even after closing the db. The problem is solved by strictly
using fresh names for each test. No assumption made to be able to
properly clean up. This issue was not observed on github/ci.
* Silence some compiler gossip -- part 7, misc/non(sync or graphql)
details:
Adding some missing exception annotation
* Silence some compiler gossip -- part 5, common
details:
Mostly removing redundant imports and `Defect` tracer after switch
to nim 1.6
* Silence some compiler gossip -- part 6, db, rpc, utils
details:
Mostly removing redundant imports and `Defect` tracer after switch
to nim 1.6
* Silence some compiler gossip -- part 7, randomly collected source files
details:
Mostly removing redundant imports and `Defect` tracer after switch
to nim 1.6
* Silence some compiler gossip -- part 8, assorted tests
details:
Mostly removing redundant imports and `Defect` tracer after switch
to nim 1.6
* Clique update
why:
More impossible exceptions (undoes temporary fix from previous PR)
* Added basic async capabilities for vm2.
This is a whole new Git branch, not the same one as last time
(https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth1/pull/1250) - there wasn't
much worth salvaging. Main differences:
I didn't do the "each opcode has to specify an async handler" junk
that I put in last time. Instead, in oph_memory.nim you can see
sloadOp calling asyncChainTo and passing in an async operation.
That async operation is then run by the execCallOrCreate (or
asyncExecCallOrCreate) code in interpreter_dispatch.nim.
In the test code, the (previously existing) macro called "assembler"
now allows you to add a section called "initialStorage", specifying
fake data to be used by the EVM computation run by that test. (In
the long run we'll obviously want to write tests that for-real use
the JSON-RPC API to asynchronously fetch data; for now, this was
just an expedient way to write a basic unit test that exercises the
async-EVM code pathway.)
There's also a new macro called "concurrentAssemblers" that allows
you to write a test that runs multiple assemblers concurrently (and
then waits for them all to finish). There's one example test using
this, in test_op_memory_lazy.nim, though you can't actually see it
doing so unless you uncomment some echo statements in
async_operations.nim (in which case you can see the two concurrently
running EVM computations each printing out what they're doing, and
you'll see that they interleave).
A question: is it possible to make EVMC work asynchronously? (For
now, this code compiles and "make test" passes even if ENABLE_EVMC
is turned on, but it doesn't actually work asynchronously, it just
falls back on doing the usual synchronous EVMC thing. See
FIXME-asyncAndEvmc.)
* Moved the AsyncOperationFactory to the BaseVMState object.
* Made the AsyncOperationFactory into a table of fn pointers.
Also ditched the plain-data Vm2AsyncOperation type; it wasn't
really serving much purpose. Instead, the pendingAsyncOperation
field directly contains the Future.
* Removed the hasStorage idea.
It's not the right solution to the "how do we know whether we
still need to fetch the storage value or not?" problem. I
haven't implemented the right solution yet, but at least
we're better off not putting in a wrong one.
* Added/modified/removed some comments.
(Based on feedback on the PR.)
* Removed the waitFor from execCallOrCreate.
There was some back-and-forth in the PR regarding whether nested
waitFor calls are acceptable:
https://github.com/status-im/nimbus-eth1/pull/1260#discussion_r998587449
The eventual decision was to just change the waitFor to a doAssert
(since we probably won't want this extra functionality when running
synchronously anyway) to make sure that the Future is already
finished.
This missing part of EVMC processing allows third-party EVMs to work.
It fixes EVMC result processing (at the top-level of calls, not nested calls)
to use the EVMC result object, instead of reading so much internal state of the
Nimbus `Computation` object.
It has been tested by calling [`evmone`](https://github.com/ethereum/evmone)
and getting useful results with tracing enabled (`showTxCalls = true`). It's
even able to run parts of the fixtures test suite.
There are other issues with account balances, etc that need to be worked on to
get the correct _final_ results, but the EVM execution is correct with this.
Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
Previously max gas refunded was defined as gas_used div 2.
Here we name the constant 2 as MAX_REFUND_QUOTIENT and
change its value to 5.
The new equation will be: gas_used div MAX_REFUND_QUOTIENT
1. Send all EVM executions through the EVMC `execute` function.
It leads to the same place in the end as calling `Computation` before, but
`execute` is the API function used by all EVMC implementations, and it is
very explicit what data is passed back and forth.
2. As a consequence this starts using the new `host_services` code from EVM, so
this is a significant change to the paths used for account state processing.
3. Because we will have to remove the `newComputation` call on the host side,
anticipating that the contract code is now saved in `host` instead of being
copied around. As it's saved in `host`, there is no need to pass it
separately to `evmcExecComputation`.
Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
This provides "host services", functions provided by the application to an EVM.
They are a key part of EVMC compatibility, but we will switch to using these
with "native" EVM as well.
These are functions like `getStorage`, `setStorage` and `emitLog` for accessing
the account state, because the EVM is not allowed direct access to the database.
This code is adapted from `nimbus/vm/evmc_host.nim` and other places, but there
is more emphasis on being host-side only, no dependency on the EVM or
`Computation` type. It uses `TransactionHost` and types in `host_types`.
These host services have two goals: To be compatible with EVMC, and to be a
good way for the Nimbus EVM to access the data it needs. In our new Nimbus
internal architecture, the EVM will only access the databases and other
application state via these host service functions.
The reason for containing the EVM like this, even "native" EVM, is that having
one good interface to the data makes it a lot easier to change how the database
works, which is on the roadmap.
These functions almost have EVMC signatures, but they are not binary compatible
with EVMC. (Binary compatibility is provided by another module). It would be
fine for Nimbus EVM to call these functions directly when linked directly.
Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
andri lim
Jacek Sieka
Chirag Parmar
Jordan Hrycaj
Adam Spitz
Adam Spitz
Jamie Lokier
bmoo