diff --git a/hive_integration/nodocker/pyspec/test_env.nim b/hive_integration/nodocker/pyspec/test_env.nim
index 1c418d652..b6adb4d06 100644
--- a/hive_integration/nodocker/pyspec/test_env.nim
+++ b/hive_integration/nodocker/pyspec/test_env.nim
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ proc setupELClient*(t: TestEnv, conf: ChainConfig, node: JsonNode) =
     )
   t.chainRef = newChain(t.com, extraValidation = true)
   let
-    stateDB = LedgerCache.init(memDB, emptyRlpHash)
+    stateDB = LedgerRef.init(memDB, emptyRlpHash)
     genesisHeader = node.genesisHeader
 
   setupStateDB(node["pre"], stateDB)
diff --git a/nimbus/common/common.nim b/nimbus/common/common.nim
index f69526cb1..1f7228abe 100644
--- a/nimbus/common/common.nim
+++ b/nimbus/common/common.nim
@@ -94,9 +94,6 @@ type
     pos: CasperRef
       ## Proof Of Stake descriptor
 
-    ldgType: LedgerType
-      ## Optional suggestion for the ledger cache to be used as state DB
-
     pruneHistory: bool
       ## Must not not set for a full node, might go away some time
 
@@ -140,7 +137,6 @@ proc init(com         : CommonRef,
           networkId   : NetworkId,
           config      : ChainConfig,
           genesis     : Genesis,
-          ldgType     : LedgerType,
           pruneHistory: bool,
             ) {.gcsafe, raises: [CatchableError].} =
 
@@ -151,7 +147,6 @@ proc init(com         : CommonRef,
   com.forkTransitionTable = config.toForkTransitionTable()
   com.networkId   = networkId
   com.syncProgress= SyncProgress()
-  com.ldgType     = (if ldgType == LedgerType(0): LedgerCache else: ldgType)
   com.pruneHistory= pruneHistory
 
   # Always initialise the PoW epoch cache even though it migh no be used
@@ -177,7 +172,7 @@ proc init(com         : CommonRef,
     # Must not overwrite the global state on the single state DB
     if not db.getBlockHeader(0.toBlockNumber, com.genesisHeader):
       com.genesisHeader = toGenesisHeader(genesis,
-        com.currentFork, com.db, com.ldgType)
+        com.currentFork, com.db)
 
     com.setForkId(com.genesisHeader)
     com.pos.timestamp = genesis.timestamp
@@ -218,7 +213,6 @@ proc new*(
     db: CoreDbRef;
     networkId: NetworkId = MainNet;
     params = networkParams(MainNet);
-    ldgType = LedgerType(0);
     pruneHistory = false;
       ): CommonRef
       {.gcsafe, raises: [CatchableError].} =
@@ -231,7 +225,6 @@ proc new*(
     networkId,
     params.config,
     params.genesis,
-    ldgType,
     pruneHistory)
 
 proc new*(
@@ -239,7 +232,6 @@ proc new*(
     db: CoreDbRef;
     config: ChainConfig;
     networkId: NetworkId = MainNet;
-    ldgType = LedgerType(0);
     pruneHistory = false;
       ): CommonRef
       {.gcsafe, raises: [CatchableError].} =
@@ -252,7 +244,6 @@ proc new*(
     networkId,
     config,
     nil,
-    ldgType,
     pruneHistory)
 
 proc clone*(com: CommonRef, db: CoreDbRef): CommonRef =
@@ -271,7 +262,6 @@ proc clone*(com: CommonRef, db: CoreDbRef): CommonRef =
     consensusType: com.consensusType,
     pow          : com.pow,
     pos          : com.pos,
-    ldgType      : com.ldgType,
     pruneHistory : com.pruneHistory)
 
 proc clone*(com: CommonRef): CommonRef =
@@ -482,9 +472,6 @@ func syncHighest*(com: CommonRef): BlockNumber =
 func syncReqRelaxV2*(com: CommonRef): bool =
   com.syncReqRelaxV2
 
-func ledgerType*(com: CommonRef): LedgerType =
-  com.ldgType
-
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Setters
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/nimbus/common/genesis.nim b/nimbus/common/genesis.nim
index 40695186f..2c189c541 100644
--- a/nimbus/common/genesis.nim
+++ b/nimbus/common/genesis.nim
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ proc initAccountsLedgerRef(
     db: CoreDbRef;
      ): GenesisLedgerRef =
   ## Methods jump table
-  let ac = LedgerCache.init(db, EMPTY_ROOT_HASH)
+  let ac = LedgerRef.init(db, EMPTY_ROOT_HASH)
 
   GenesisLedgerRef(
     addAccount: proc(
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ proc initAccountsLedgerRef(
       ac.persist(),
 
     rootHash: proc(): Hash256 =
-      ac.rootHash(),
+      ac.state(),
 
     getTrie: proc(): CoreDbMptRef =
       ac.getMpt())
@@ -88,10 +88,7 @@ proc initAccountsLedgerRef(
 
 proc newStateDB*(
     db: CoreDbRef;
-    ledgerType: LedgerType;
       ): GenesisLedgerRef =
-  ## Currently only `LedgerCache` supported for `ledgerType`.
-  doAssert ledgerType == LedgerCache
   db.initAccountsLedgerRef()
 
 proc getTrie*(sdb: GenesisLedgerRef): CoreDbMptRef =
@@ -155,28 +152,25 @@ proc toGenesisHeader*(
 proc toGenesisHeader*(
     genesis: Genesis;
     fork: HardFork;
-    db = CoreDbRef(nil);
-    ledgerType = LedgerCache;
-      ): BlockHeader
+    db = CoreDbRef(nil)): BlockHeader
       {.gcsafe, raises: [CatchableError].} =
   ## Generate the genesis block header from the `genesis` and `config`
   ## argument value.
   let
     db  = if db.isNil: AristoDbMemory.newCoreDbRef() else: db
-    sdb = db.newStateDB(ledgerType)
+    sdb = db.newStateDB()
   toGenesisHeader(genesis, sdb, fork)
 
 proc toGenesisHeader*(
     params: NetworkParams;
-    db = CoreDbRef(nil);
-    ledgerType = LedgerCache;
+    db = CoreDbRef(nil)
       ): BlockHeader
       {.raises: [CatchableError].} =
   ## Generate the genesis block header from the `genesis` and `config`
   ## argument value.
   let map  = toForkTransitionTable(params.config)
   let fork = map.toHardFork(forkDeterminationInfo(0.toBlockNumber, params.genesis.timestamp))
-  toGenesisHeader(params.genesis, fork, db, ledgerType)
+  toGenesisHeader(params.genesis, fork, db)
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # End
diff --git a/nimbus/core/tx_pool/tx_chain.nim b/nimbus/core/tx_pool/tx_chain.nim
index ec4759a24..e94da5961 100644
--- a/nimbus/core/tx_pool/tx_chain.nim
+++ b/nimbus/core/tx_pool/tx_chain.nim
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ proc update(dh: TxChainRef; parent: BlockHeader)
   let
     timestamp = dh.getTimestamp(parent)
     db  = dh.com.db
-    acc = dh.com.ledgerType.init(db, parent.stateRoot)
+    acc = LedgerRef.init(db, parent.stateRoot)
     fee = if dh.com.isLondon(parent.blockNumber + 1, timestamp):
             some(dh.com.baseFeeGet(parent).uint64.u256)
           else:
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger.nim
index 5604f8acc..e0dd6f4b4 100644
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger.nim
+++ b/nimbus/db/ledger.nim
@@ -18,15 +18,13 @@
 import
   eth/common,
   ./core_db,
-  ./ledger/backend/[accounts_ledger, accounts_ledger_desc],
-  ./ledger/[base_iterators, distinct_ledgers]
+  ./ledger/[base_iterators, distinct_ledgers, accounts_ledger]
 
 import
   ./ledger/base except LedgerApiTxt, beginTrackApi, bless, ifTrackApi
 
 export
   AccountsLedgerRef,
-  LedgerType,
   base,
   base_iterators,
   distinct_ledgers,
@@ -36,17 +34,8 @@ export
 # Public constructor
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-proc init*(
-    ldgType: LedgerType;
-    db: CoreDbRef;
-    root: Hash256;
-      ): LedgerRef =
-  case ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    AccountsLedgerRef.init(db, root)
-
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Missing ledger type label"
+proc init*(_: type LedgerRef, db: CoreDbRef; root: Hash256): LedgerRef =
+  LedgerRef(ac: AccountsLedgerRef.init(db, root)).bless(db)
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # End
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger.nim
deleted file mode 100644
index b584def71..000000000
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger.nim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,234 +0,0 @@
-# Nimbus
-# Copyright (c) 2023-2024 Status Research & Development GmbH
-# Licensed under either of
-#  * Apache License, version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
-#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
-#  * MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or
-#    http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-# at your option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed except
-# according to those terms.
-
-{.push raises: [].}
-
-import
-  eth/common,
-  ../../../../stateless/multi_keys,
-  ../../core_db,
-  ../base/base_desc,
-  ../accounts_ledger as impl,
-  ".."/[base, distinct_ledgers],
-  ./accounts_ledger_desc as wrp
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Private functions
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-func savePoint(sp: LedgerSpRef): impl.LedgerSavePoint =
-  if not sp.isNil:
-    wrp.LedgerSavePoint(sp).sp
-  else:
-    nil
-
-# ----------------
-
-proc ledgerMethods(lc: impl.AccountsLedgerRef): LedgerFns =
-  LedgerFns(
-    accessListFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.accessList(eAddr),
-
-    accessList2Fn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256) =
-      lc.accessList(eAddr, slot),
-
-    accountExistsFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
-      lc.accountExists(eAddr),
-
-    addBalanceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) =
-      lc.addBalance(eAddr, delta),
-
-    addLogEntryFn: proc(log: Log) =
-      lc.addLogEntry(log),
-
-    beginSavepointFn: proc(): LedgerSpRef =
-      wrp.LedgerSavePoint(sp: lc.beginSavepoint()),
-
-    clearStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.clearStorage(eAddr),
-
-    clearTransientStorageFn: proc() =
-      lc.clearTransientStorage(),
-
-    collectWitnessDataFn: proc() =
-      lc.collectWitnessData(),
-
-    commitFn: proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) =
-      lc.commit(sp.savePoint),
-
-    deleteAccountFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.deleteAccount(eAddr),
-
-    disposeFn: proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) =
-      lc.dispose(sp.savePoint),
-
-    getAndClearLogEntriesFn: proc(): seq[Log] =
-      lc.getAndClearLogEntries(),
-
-    getBalanceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): UInt256 =
-      lc.getBalance(eAddr),
-
-    getCodeFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Blob =
-      lc.getCode(eAddr),
-
-    getCodeHashFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 =
-      lc.getCodeHash(eAddr),
-
-    getCodeSizeFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): int =
-      lc.getCodeSize(eAddr),
-
-    getCommittedStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 =
-      lc.getCommittedStorage(eAddr, slot),
-
-    getNonceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): AccountNonce =
-      lc.getNonce(eAddr),
-
-    getStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 =
-      lc.getStorage(eAddr, slot),
-
-    getStorageRootFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 =
-      lc.getStorageRoot(eAddr),
-
-    getTransientStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 =
-      lc.getTransientStorage(eAddr, slot),
-
-    contractCollisionFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
-      lc.contractCollision(eAddr),
-
-    inAccessListFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
-      lc.inAccessList(eAddr),
-
-    inAccessList2Fn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): bool =
-      lc.inAccessList(eAddr, slot),
-
-    incNonceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.incNonce(eAddr),
-
-    isDeadAccountFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
-      lc.isDeadAccount(eAddr),
-
-    isEmptyAccountFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
-      lc.isEmptyAccount(eAddr),
-
-    isTopLevelCleanFn: proc(): bool =
-      lc.isTopLevelClean(),
-
-    logEntriesFn: proc(): seq[Log] =
-      lc.logEntries(),
-
-    makeMultiKeysFn: proc(): MultiKeysRef =
-      lc.makeMultiKeys(),
-
-    persistFn: proc(clearEmptyAccount: bool, clearCache: bool) =
-      lc.persist(clearEmptyAccount, clearCache),
-
-    ripemdSpecialFn: proc() =
-      lc.ripemdSpecial(),
-
-    rollbackFn: proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) =
-      lc.rollback(sp.savePoint),
-
-    safeDisposeFn: proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) =
-      lc.safeDispose(sp.savePoint),
-
-    selfDestructFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.selfDestruct(eAddr),
-
-    selfDestruct6780Fn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress) =
-      lc.selfDestruct6780(eAddr),
-
-    selfDestructLenFn: proc(): int =
-      lc.selfDestructLen(),
-
-    setBalanceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, balance: UInt256) =
-      lc.setBalance(eAddr, balance),
-
-    setCodeFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, code: Blob) =
-      lc.setCode(eAddr, code),
-
-    setNonceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, nonce: AccountNonce) =
-      lc.setNonce(eAddr, nonce),
-
-    setStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot, val: UInt256) =
-      lc.setStorage(eAddr, slot, val),
-
-    setTransientStorageFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot, val: UInt256) =
-      lc.setTransientStorage(eAddr, slot, val),
-
-    stateFn: proc(): Hash256 =
-      lc.state(),
-
-    subBalanceFn: proc(eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) =
-      lc.subBalance(eAddr, delta),
-
-    getAccessListFn: proc(): common.AccessList =
-      lc.getAccessList())
-
-proc ledgerExtras(lc: impl.AccountsLedgerRef): LedgerExtras =
-  LedgerExtras(
-    getMptFn: proc(): CoreDbMptRef =
-      lc.rawTrie.CoreDxAccRef.getMpt.CoreDbMptRef)
-
-proc newAccountsLedgerRef(
-    db: CoreDbRef;
-    root: Hash256;
-      ): LedgerRef =
-  let lc = impl.AccountsLedgerRef.init(db, root)
-  wrp.AccountsLedgerRef(
-    ldgType:   LedgerCache,
-    ac:        lc,
-    extras:    lc.ledgerExtras(),
-    methods:   lc.ledgerMethods()).bless db
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Public iterators
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-iterator accountsIt*(lc: wrp.AccountsLedgerRef): Account =
-  for w in lc.ac.accounts():
-    yield w
-
-iterator addressesIt*(lc: wrp.AccountsLedgerRef): EthAddress =
-  for w in lc.ac.addresses():
-    yield w
-
-iterator cachedStorageIt*(
-    lc: wrp.AccountsLedgerRef;
-    eAddr: EthAddress;
-      ): (UInt256,UInt256) =
-  for w in lc.ac.cachedStorage(eAddr):
-    yield w
-
-iterator pairsIt*(lc: wrp.AccountsLedgerRef): (EthAddress,Account) =
-  for w in lc.ac.pairs():
-    yield w
-
-iterator storageIt*(
-    lc: wrp.AccountsLedgerRef;
-    eAddr: EthAddress;
-      ): (UInt256,UInt256) =
-  for w in lc.ac.storage(eAddr):
-    yield w
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Public constructor
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-proc init*(
-    T: type wrp.AccountsLedgerRef;
-    db: CoreDbRef;
-    root: Hash256;
-    pruneTrie = false;
-      ): LedgerRef =
-  db.newAccountsLedgerRef root
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# End
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger_desc.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger_desc.nim
deleted file mode 100644
index f8dd3f0f0..000000000
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/backend/accounts_ledger_desc.nim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-# Nimbus
-# Copyright (c) 2023 Status Research & Development GmbH
-# Licensed under either of
-#  * Apache License, version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
-#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
-#  * MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or
-#    http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-# at your option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed except
-# according to those terms.
-
-import
-  ../accounts_ledger as impl,
-  ../base/base_desc
-
-type
-  AccountsLedgerRef* = ref object of LedgerRef
-    ac*: impl.AccountsLedgerRef
-
-  LedgerSavePoint* = ref object of LedgerSpRef
-    sp*: impl.LedgerSavePoint
-
-# End
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/base.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/base.nim
index f22221eb7..c56d47234 100644
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/base.nim
+++ b/nimbus/db/ledger/base.nim
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ import
   ./base/[api_tracking, base_desc]
 
 const
-  AutoValidateDescriptors = defined(release).not
-    ## No validatinon needed for production suite.
-
   EnableApiTracking = false
     ## When enabled, API functions are logged. Tracking is enabled by setting
     ## the `trackApi` flag to `true`.
@@ -38,7 +35,6 @@ type
 export
   LedgerFnInx,
   LedgerProfListRef,
-  LedgerType,
   LedgerRef,
   LedgerSpRef
 
@@ -47,9 +43,6 @@ const
   LedgerEnableApiProfiling* = EnableApiTracking and EnableApiProfiling
   LedgerApiTxt* = apiTxt
 
-when AutoValidateDescriptors:
-  import ./base/validate
-
 proc ldgProfData*(db: CoreDbRef): LedgerProfListRef {.gcsafe.}
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -88,8 +81,6 @@ template ifTrackApi*(ldg: LedgerRef; code: untyped) =
 
 proc bless*(ldg: LedgerRef; db: CoreDbRef): LedgerRef =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgBlessFn
-  when AutoValidateDescriptors:
-    ldg.validate()
   when EnableApiTracking:
     ldg.trackApi = db.trackLedgerApi
   when LedgerEnableApiProfiling:
@@ -116,87 +107,87 @@ proc ldgProfData*(db: CoreDbRef): LedgerProfListRef =
 
 proc accessList*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAccessListFn
-  ldg.methods.accessListFn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.accessList(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 proc accessList*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAccessListFn
-  ldg.methods.accessList2Fn(eAddr, slot)
+  ldg.ac.accessList(eAddr, slot)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot
 
 proc accountExists*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAccountExistsFn
-  result = ldg.methods.accountExistsFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.accountExists(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc addBalance*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAddBalanceFn
-  ldg.methods.addBalanceFn(eAddr, delta)
+  ldg.ac.addBalance(eAddr, delta)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, delta
 
 proc addLogEntry*(ldg: LedgerRef, log: Log) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAddLogEntryFn
-  ldg.methods.addLogEntryFn log
+  ldg.ac.addLogEntry(log)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc beginSavepoint*(ldg: LedgerRef): LedgerSpRef =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgBeginSavepointFn
-  result = ldg.methods.beginSavepointFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.beginSavepoint()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc clearStorage*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgClearStorageFn
-  ldg.methods.clearStorageFn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.clearStorage(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 proc clearTransientStorage*(ldg: LedgerRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgClearTransientStorageFn
-  ldg.methods.clearTransientStorageFn()
+  ldg.ac.clearTransientStorage()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc collectWitnessData*(ldg: LedgerRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgCollectWitnessDataFn
-  ldg.methods.collectWitnessDataFn()
+  ldg.ac.collectWitnessData()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc commit*(ldg: LedgerRef, sp: LedgerSpRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgCommitFn
-  ldg.methods.commitFn sp
+  ldg.ac.commit(sp)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc deleteAccount*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgDeleteAccountFn
-  ldg.methods.deleteAccountFn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.deleteAccount(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 proc dispose*(ldg: LedgerRef, sp: LedgerSpRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgDisposeFn
-  ldg.methods.disposeFn sp
+  ldg.ac.dispose(sp)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc getAndClearLogEntries*(ldg: LedgerRef): seq[Log] =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetAndClearLogEntriesFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getAndClearLogEntriesFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.getAndClearLogEntries()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc getBalance*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): UInt256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetBalanceFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getBalanceFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getBalance(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc getCode*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): Blob =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetCodeFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getCodeFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getCode(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result=result.toStr
 
 proc getCodeHash*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256  =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetCodeHashFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getCodeHashFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getCodeHash(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc getCodeSize*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): int =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetCodeSizeFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getCodeSizeFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getCodeSize(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc getCommittedStorage*(
@@ -205,22 +196,22 @@ proc getCommittedStorage*(
     slot: UInt256;
       ): UInt256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetCommittedStorageFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getCommittedStorageFn(eAddr, slot)
+  result = ldg.ac.getCommittedStorage(eAddr, slot)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, result
 
 proc getNonce*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): AccountNonce =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetNonceFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getNonceFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getNonce(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc getStorage*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetStorageFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getStorageFn(eAddr, slot)
+  result = ldg.ac.getStorage(eAddr, slot)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, result
 
 proc getStorageRoot*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetStorageRootFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getStorageRootFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.getStorageRoot(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc getTransientStorage*(
@@ -229,107 +220,107 @@ proc getTransientStorage*(
     slot: UInt256;
       ): UInt256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetTransientStorageFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getTransientStorageFn(eAddr, slot)
+  result = ldg.ac.getTransientStorage(eAddr, slot)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, result
 
 proc contractCollision*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgContractCollisionFn
-  result = ldg.methods.contractCollisionFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.contractCollision(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc inAccessList*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgInAccessListFn
-  result = ldg.methods.inAccessListFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.inAccessList(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc inAccessList*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgInAccessListFn
-  result = ldg.methods.inAccessList2Fn(eAddr, slot)
+  result = ldg.ac.inAccessList(eAddr, slot)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, result
 
 proc incNonce*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgIncNonceFn
-  ldg.methods.incNonceFn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.incNonce(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 proc isDeadAccount*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgIsDeadAccountFn
-  result = ldg.methods.isDeadAccountFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.isDeadAccount(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc isEmptyAccount*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgIsEmptyAccountFn
-  result = ldg.methods.isEmptyAccountFn eAddr
+  result = ldg.ac.isEmptyAccount(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, result
 
 proc isTopLevelClean*(ldg: LedgerRef): bool =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgIsTopLevelCleanFn
-  result = ldg.methods.isTopLevelCleanFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.isTopLevelClean()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
 
 proc logEntries*(ldg: LedgerRef): seq[Log] =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgLogEntriesFn
-  result = ldg.methods.logEntriesFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.logEntries()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
 
 proc makeMultiKeys*(ldg: LedgerRef): MultiKeysRef =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgMakeMultiKeysFn
-  result = ldg.methods.makeMultiKeysFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.makeMultiKeys()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc persist*(ldg: LedgerRef, clearEmptyAccount = false, clearCache = true) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgPersistFn
-  ldg.methods.persistFn(clearEmptyAccount, clearCache)
+  ldg.ac.persist(clearEmptyAccount, clearCache)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, clearEmptyAccount, clearCache
 
 proc ripemdSpecial*(ldg: LedgerRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgRipemdSpecialFn
-  ldg.methods.ripemdSpecialFn()
+  ldg.ac.ripemdSpecial()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc rollback*(ldg: LedgerRef, sp: LedgerSpRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgRollbackFn
-  ldg.methods.rollbackFn sp
+  ldg.ac.rollback(sp)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc safeDispose*(ldg: LedgerRef, sp: LedgerSpRef) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSafeDisposeFn
-  ldg.methods.safeDisposeFn sp
+  ldg.ac.safeDispose(sp)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc selfDestruct*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSelfDestructFn
-  ldg.methods.selfDestructFn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.selfDestruct(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc selfDestruct6780*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSelfDestruct6780Fn
-  ldg.methods.selfDestruct6780Fn eAddr
+  ldg.ac.selfDestruct6780(eAddr)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 proc selfDestructLen*(ldg: LedgerRef): int =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSelfDestructLenFn
-  result = ldg.methods.selfDestructLenFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.selfDestructLen()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
 
 proc setBalance*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, balance: UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSetBalanceFn
-  ldg.methods.setBalanceFn(eAddr, balance)
+  ldg.ac.setBalance(eAddr, balance)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, balance
 
 proc setCode*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, code: Blob) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSetCodeFn
-  ldg.methods.setCodeFn(eAddr, code)
+  ldg.ac.setCode(eAddr, code)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, code=code.toStr
 
 proc setNonce*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, nonce: AccountNonce) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSetNonceFn
-  ldg.methods.setNonceFn(eAddr, nonce)
+  ldg.ac.setNonce(eAddr, nonce)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, nonce
 
 proc setStorage*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, slot, val: UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSetStorageFn
-  ldg.methods.setStorageFn(eAddr, slot, val)
+  ldg.ac.setStorage(eAddr, slot, val)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, val
 
 proc setTransientStorage*(
@@ -339,44 +330,37 @@ proc setTransientStorage*(
     val: UInt256;
       ) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSetTransientStorageFn
-  ldg.methods.setTransientStorageFn(eAddr, slot, val)
+  ldg.ac.setTransientStorage(eAddr, slot, val)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, slot, val
 
 proc state*(ldg: LedgerRef): Hash256 =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgStateFn
-  result = ldg.methods.stateFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.state()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
 
 proc subBalance*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgSubBalanceFn
-  ldg.methods.subBalanceFn(eAddr, delta)
+  ldg.ac.subBalance(eAddr, delta)
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr, delta
 
 proc getAccessList*(ldg: LedgerRef): AccessList =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetAccessListFn
-  result = ldg.methods.getAccessListFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.getAccessList()
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Public methods, extensions to go away
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-proc rootHash*(ldg: LedgerRef): Hash256 =
-  ## Replaced by `state()`
-  ldg.beginTrackApi LdgRootHashFn
-  result = ldg.methods.stateFn()
-  ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
+proc rootHash*(ldg: LedgerRef): KeccakHash =
+  ldg.state()
 
 proc getMpt*(ldg: LedgerRef): CoreDbMptRef =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgGetMptFn
-  result = ldg.extras.getMptFn()
+  result = ldg.ac.rawTrie.CoreDxAccRef.getMpt.CoreDbMptRef
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, result
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Public virtual read-only methods
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-proc rootHash*(db: ReadOnlyStateDB): KeccakHash {.borrow.}
+proc rootHash*(db: ReadOnlyStateDB): KeccakHash = db.LedgerRef.state()
 proc getCodeHash*(db: ReadOnlyStateDB, eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 {.borrow.}
 proc getStorageRoot*(db: ReadOnlyStateDB, eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 {.borrow.}
 proc getBalance*(db: ReadOnlyStateDB, eAddr: EthAddress): UInt256 {.borrow.}
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/base/base_desc.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/base/base_desc.nim
index 4e453bc0c..8127c3d46 100644
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/base/base_desc.nim
+++ b/nimbus/db/ledger/base/base_desc.nim
@@ -11,13 +11,11 @@
 {.push raises: [].}
 
 import
-  eth/common,
-  ../../core_db,
-  ../../../../stateless/multi_keys,
-  ../../aristo/aristo_profile
+  ../../aristo/aristo_profile,
+  ../accounts_ledger
 
-# Annotation helpers
-{.pragma:  noRaise, gcsafe, raises: [].}
+export
+  accounts_ledger
 
 type
   LedgerProfListRef* = AristoDbProfListRef
@@ -26,122 +24,13 @@ type
   LedgerProfData* = AristoDbProfData
     ## Borrowed from `aristo_profile`, only used in profiling mode
 
-  LedgerType* = enum
-    Ooops = 0
-    LedgerCache
-
-  LedgerSpRef* = ref object of RootRef
+  LedgerSpRef* = LedgerSavePoint
     ## Object for check point or save point
 
   LedgerRef* = ref object of RootRef
     ## Root object with closures
-    ldgType*: LedgerType        ## For debugging
     trackApi*: bool             ## For debugging
     profTab*: LedgerProfListRef ## Profiling data (if any)
-    extras*: LedgerExtras       ## Support might go away
-    methods*: LedgerFns
-
-  GetMptFn* = proc(): CoreDbMptRef {.noRaise.}
-
-  LedgerExtras* = object
-    getMptFn*: GetMptFn
-
-  AccessListFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  AccessList2Fn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  AccountExistsFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool {.noRaise.}
-  AddBalanceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  AddLogEntryFn* = proc(log: Log) {.noRaise.}
-  BeginSavepointFn* = proc(): LedgerSpRef {.noRaise.}
-  ClearStorageFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  ClearTransientStorageFn* = proc() {.noRaise.}
-  CollectWitnessDataFn* = proc() {.noRaise.}
-  CommitFn* = proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) {.noRaise.}
-  DeleteAccountFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  DisposeFn* = proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) {.noRaise.}
-  GetAndClearLogEntriesFn* = proc(): seq[Log] {.noRaise.}
-  GetBalanceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): UInt256 {.noRaise.}
-  GetCodeFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Blob {.noRaise.}
-  GetCodeHashFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 {.noRaise.}
-  GetCodeSizeFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): int {.noRaise.}
-  GetCommittedStorageFn* =
-    proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 {.noRaise.}
-  GetNonceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): AccountNonce {.noRaise.}
-  GetStorageFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 {.noRaise.}
-  GetStorageRootFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): Hash256 {.noRaise.}
-  GetTransientStorageFn* =
-    proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): UInt256 {.noRaise.}
-  ContractCollisionFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool {.noRaise.}
-  InAccessListFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool {.noRaise.}
-  InAccessList2Fn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot: UInt256): bool {.noRaise.}
-  IncNonceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  IsDeadAccountFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool {.noRaise.}
-  IsEmptyAccountFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress): bool {.noRaise.}
-  IsTopLevelCleanFn* = proc(): bool {.noRaise.}
-  LogEntriesFn* = proc(): seq[Log] {.noRaise.}
-  MakeMultiKeysFn* = proc(): MultiKeysRef {.noRaise.}
-  PersistFn* = proc(clearEmptyAccount: bool, clearCache: bool) {.noRaise.}
-  RipemdSpecialFn* = proc() {.noRaise.}
-  RollbackFn* = proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) {.noRaise.}
-  SafeDisposeFn* = proc(sp: LedgerSpRef) {.noRaise.}
-  SelfDestructFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  SelfDestruct6780Fn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress) {.noRaise.}
-  SelfDestructLenFn* = proc(): int {.noRaise.}
-  SetBalanceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, balance: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  SetCodeFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, code: Blob) {.noRaise.}
-  SetNonceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, nonce: AccountNonce) {.noRaise.}
-  SetStorageFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot, value: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  SetTransientStorageFn* =
-    proc(eAddr: EthAddress, slot, val: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  StateFn* = proc(): Hash256 {.noRaise.}
-  SubBalanceFn* = proc(eAddr: EthAddress, delta: UInt256) {.noRaise.}
-  GetAccessListFn* = proc(): AccessList {.noRaise.}
-
-  LedgerFns* = object
-    accessListFn*: AccessListFn
-    accessList2Fn*: AccessList2Fn
-    accountExistsFn*: AccountExistsFn
-    addBalanceFn*: AddBalanceFn
-    addLogEntryFn*: AddLogEntryFn
-    beginSavepointFn*: BeginSavepointFn
-    clearStorageFn*: ClearStorageFn
-    clearTransientStorageFn*: ClearTransientStorageFn
-    collectWitnessDataFn*: CollectWitnessDataFn
-    commitFn*: CommitFn
-    deleteAccountFn*: DeleteAccountFn
-    disposeFn*: DisposeFn
-    getAndClearLogEntriesFn*: GetAndClearLogEntriesFn
-    getBalanceFn*: GetBalanceFn
-    getCodeFn*: GetCodeFn
-    getCodeHashFn*: GetCodeHashFn
-    getCodeSizeFn*: GetCodeSizeFn
-    getCommittedStorageFn*: GetCommittedStorageFn
-    getNonceFn*: GetNonceFn
-    getStorageFn*: GetStorageFn
-    getStorageRootFn*: GetStorageRootFn
-    getTransientStorageFn*: GetTransientStorageFn
-    contractCollisionFn*: ContractCollisionFn
-    inAccessListFn*: InAccessListFn
-    inAccessList2Fn*: InAccessList2Fn
-    incNonceFn*: IncNonceFn
-    isDeadAccountFn*: IsDeadAccountFn
-    isEmptyAccountFn*: IsEmptyAccountFn
-    isTopLevelCleanFn*: IsTopLevelCleanFn
-    logEntriesFn*: LogEntriesFn
-    makeMultiKeysFn*: MakeMultiKeysFn
-    persistFn*: PersistFn
-    ripemdSpecialFn*: RipemdSpecialFn
-    rollbackFn*: RollbackFn
-    safeDisposeFn*: SafeDisposeFn
-    selfDestruct6780Fn*: SelfDestruct6780Fn
-    selfDestructFn*: SelfDestructFn
-    selfDestructLenFn*: SelfDestructLenFn
-    setBalanceFn*: SetBalanceFn
-    setCodeFn*: SetCodeFn
-    setNonceFn*: SetNonceFn
-    setStorageFn*: SetStorageFn
-    setTransientStorageFn*: SetTransientStorageFn
-    stateFn*: StateFn
-    subBalanceFn*: SubBalanceFn
-    getAccessListFn*: GetAccessListFn
+    ac*: AccountsLedgerRef
 
 # End
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/base/validate.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/base/validate.nim
deleted file mode 100644
index 55a1443c1..000000000
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/base/validate.nim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-# Nimbus
-# Copyright (c) 2023-2024 Status Research & Development GmbH
-# Licensed under either of
-#  * Apache License, version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
-#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
-#  * MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or
-#    http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-# at your option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
-# except according to those terms.
-
-{.push raises: [].}
-
-import
-  ./base_desc
-
-proc validate*(ldg: LedgerRef) =
-  doAssert ldg.ldgType != LedgerType(0)
-
-  doAssert not ldg.extras.getMptFn.isNil
-
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.accessListFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.accessList2Fn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.accountExistsFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.addBalanceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.addLogEntryFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.beginSavepointFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.clearStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.clearTransientStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.collectWitnessDataFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.commitFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.deleteAccountFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.disposeFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getAccessListFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getAndClearLogEntriesFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getBalanceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getCodeFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getCodeHashFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getCodeSizeFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getCommittedStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getNonceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getStorageRootFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.getTransientStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.contractCollisionFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.inAccessListFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.inAccessList2Fn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.incNonceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.isDeadAccountFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.isEmptyAccountFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.isTopLevelCleanFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.logEntriesFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.makeMultiKeysFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.persistFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.ripemdSpecialFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.rollbackFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.safeDisposeFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.selfDestruct6780Fn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.selfDestructFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.selfDestructLenFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.setBalanceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.setCodeFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.setNonceFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.setStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.setTransientStorageFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.stateFn.isNil
-  doAssert not ldg.methods.subBalanceFn.isNil
-
-# End
diff --git a/nimbus/db/ledger/base_iterators.nim b/nimbus/db/ledger/base_iterators.nim
index 6269fbd74..dc4b1f6d0 100644
--- a/nimbus/db/ledger/base_iterators.nim
+++ b/nimbus/db/ledger/base_iterators.nim
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 import
   eth/common,
   ../core_db,
-  ./backend/[accounts_ledger, accounts_ledger_desc],
+  ./accounts_ledger,
   ./base/api_tracking,
   ./base
 
@@ -32,45 +32,29 @@ when LedgerEnableApiTracking:
 
 iterator accounts*(ldg: LedgerRef): Account =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAccountsIt
-  case ldg.ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    for w in ldg.AccountsLedgerRef.accountsIt():
-      yield w
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Unsupported ledger type: " & $ldg.ldgType
+  for w in ldg.ac.accounts():
+    yield w
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 
 iterator addresses*(ldg: LedgerRef): EthAddress =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgAdressesIt
-  case ldg.ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    for w in ldg.AccountsLedgerRef.addressesIt():
-      yield w
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Unsupported ledger type: " & $ldg.ldgType
+  for w in ldg.ac.addresses():
+    yield w
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 
 iterator cachedStorage*(ldg: LedgerRef, eAddr: EthAddress): (UInt256,UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgCachedStorageIt
-  case ldg.ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    for w in ldg.AccountsLedgerRef.cachedStorageIt(eAddr):
-      yield w
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Unsupported ledger type: " & $ldg.ldgType
+  for w in ldg.ac.cachedStorage(eAddr):
+    yield w
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 
 iterator pairs*(ldg: LedgerRef): (EthAddress,Account) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgPairsIt
-  case ldg.ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    for w in ldg.AccountsLedgerRef.pairsIt():
-      yield w
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Unsupported ledger type: " & $ldg.ldgType
+  for w in ldg.ac.pairs():
+    yield w
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed
 
 
@@ -79,12 +63,8 @@ iterator storage*(
     eAddr: EthAddress;
       ): (UInt256,UInt256) =
   ldg.beginTrackApi LdgStorageIt
-  case ldg.ldgType:
-  of LedgerCache:
-    for w in ldg.AccountsLedgerRef.storageIt(eAddr):
-      yield w
-  else:
-    raiseAssert: "Unsupported ledger type: " & $ldg.ldgType
+  for w in ldg.ac.storage(eAddr):
+    yield w
   ldg.ifTrackApi: debug apiTxt, api, elapsed, eAddr
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/nimbus/evm/state.nim b/nimbus/evm/state.nim
index 03dcc60c1..b07ae51af 100644
--- a/nimbus/evm/state.nim
+++ b/nimbus/evm/state.nim
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ proc new*(
   ## with the `parent` block header.
   new result
   result.init(
-    ac       = com.ledgerType.init(com.db, parent.stateRoot),
+    ac       = LedgerRef.init(com.db, parent.stateRoot),
     parent   = parent,
     blockCtx = blockCtx,
     com      = com,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ proc reinit*(self:     BaseVMState;     ## Object descriptor
       com    = self.com
       db     = com.db
       ac     = if self.stateDB.rootHash == parent.stateRoot: self.stateDB
-               else: com.ledgerType.init(db, parent.stateRoot)
+               else: LedgerRef.init(db, parent.stateRoot)
       flags  = self.flags
     self[].reset
     self.init(
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ proc init*(
   ## It requires the `header` argument properly initalised so that for PoA
   ## networks, the miner address is retrievable via `ecRecover()`.
   self.init(
-    ac       = com.ledgerType.init(com.db, parent.stateRoot),
+    ac       = LedgerRef.init(com.db, parent.stateRoot),
     parent   = parent,
     blockCtx = com.blockCtx(header),
     com      = com,
diff --git a/nimbus/tracer.nim b/nimbus/tracer.nim
index 2a2188f2d..970cd5ea5 100644
--- a/nimbus/tracer.nim
+++ b/nimbus/tracer.nim
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ proc traceTransaction*(com: CommonRef, header: BlockHeader,
   # internal transactions:
   let
     saveCtxBefore = setCtx beforeCtx
-    stateBefore = AccountsLedgerRef.init(capture.recorder, beforeRoot)
+    stateBefore = LedgerRef.init(capture.recorder, beforeRoot)
   defer:
     saveCtxBefore.setCtx().ctx.forget()
 
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ proc dumpBlockState*(com: CommonRef, header: BlockHeader, body: BlockBody, dumpS
   var
     before = newJArray()
     after = newJArray()
-    stateBefore = AccountsLedgerRef.init(capture.recorder, parent.stateRoot)
+    stateBefore = LedgerRef.init(capture.recorder, parent.stateRoot)
 
   for idx, tx in body.transactions:
     let sender = tx.getSender
diff --git a/stateless/test_block_witness.nim b/stateless/test_block_witness.nim
index f0b5e63ce..9b02a7cc8 100644
--- a/stateless/test_block_witness.nim
+++ b/stateless/test_block_witness.nim
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ proc setupStateDB(tester: var Tester, wantedState: JsonNode, stateDB: LedgerRef)
 proc testBlockWitness(node: JsonNode, rootHash: Hash256, testStatusIMPL: var TestStatus) =
   var
     tester = Tester(memDB: newCoreDbRef(DefaultDbMemory))
-    ac = LedgerCache.init(tester.memDB, emptyRlpHash)
+    ac = LedgerRef.init(tester.memDB, emptyRlpHash)
 
   let root = tester.setupStateDB(node, ac)
   if rootHash != emptyRlpHash:
diff --git a/stateless/test_witness_verification.nim b/stateless/test_witness_verification.nim
index 376e450fa..0b89bbce6 100644
--- a/stateless/test_witness_verification.nim
+++ b/stateless/test_witness_verification.nim
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ proc buildWitness(
 
   let
     coreDb = newCoreDbRef(DefaultDbMemory)
-    accountsCache = LedgerCache.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
+    accountsCache = LedgerRef.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
     (rootHash, multiKeys) = setupStateDB(genAccounts, accountsCache)
 
   var wb = initWitnessBuilder(coreDb, rootHash, {wfNoFlag})
diff --git a/tests/test_blockchain_json.nim b/tests/test_blockchain_json.nim
index 2591d2fc1..ad61f4d7c 100644
--- a/tests/test_blockchain_json.nim
+++ b/tests/test_blockchain_json.nim
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ proc testFixture(node: JsonNode, testStatusIMPL: var TestStatus, debugMode = fal
 
     let
       memDB     = newCoreDbRef DefaultDbMemory
-      stateDB   = LedgerCache.init(memDB, emptyRlpHash)
+      stateDB   = LedgerRef.init(memDB, emptyRlpHash)
       config    = getChainConfig(ctx.network)
       com       = CommonRef.new(memDB, config)
 
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ proc testFixture(node: JsonNode, testStatusIMPL: var TestStatus, debugMode = fal
       elif lastBlockHash == ctx.lastBlockHash:
         # multiple chain, we are using the last valid canonical
         # state root to test against 'postState'
-        let stateDB = LedgerCache.init(memDB, header.stateRoot)
+        let stateDB = LedgerRef.init(memDB, header.stateRoot)
         verifyStateDB(fixture["postState"], ledger.ReadOnlyStateDB(stateDB))
 
       success = lastBlockHash == ctx.lastBlockHash
diff --git a/tests/test_coredb.nim b/tests/test_coredb.nim
index d713418a4..ccf23cde3 100644
--- a/tests/test_coredb.nim
+++ b/tests/test_coredb.nim
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import
   results,
   unittest2,
   ../nimbus/db/core_db/persistent,
-  ../nimbus/db/ledger,
   ../nimbus/core/chain,
   ./replay/pp,
   ./test_coredb/[coredb_test_xx, test_chainsync, test_helpers]
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@ const
   sampleDirRefFile = "coredb_test_xx.nim"
 
   dbTypeDefault = AristoDbMemory
-  ldgTypeDefault = LedgerCache
 
 let
   # Standard test sample
@@ -152,9 +150,7 @@ proc setErrorLevel {.used.} =
 proc initRunnerDB(
     path: string;
     specs: CaptureSpecs;
-    dbType: CoreDbType;
-    ldgType: LedgerType;
-      ): CommonRef =
+    dbType: CoreDbType): CommonRef =
   let coreDB =
     # Resolve for static `dbType`
     case dbType:
@@ -181,8 +177,7 @@ proc initRunnerDB(
   result = CommonRef.new(
     db = coreDB,
     networkId = networkId,
-    params = params,
-    ldgType = ldgType)
+    params = params)
 
   result.initializeEmptyDb
 
@@ -199,7 +194,6 @@ proc chainSyncRunner(
     noisy = true;
     capture = memorySampleDefault;
     dbType = CoreDbType(0);
-    ldgType = ldgTypeDefault;
     profilingOk = false;
     finalDiskCleanUpOk = true;
     enaLoggingOk = false;
@@ -231,11 +225,11 @@ proc chainSyncRunner(
   defer:
     if persistent: baseDir.flushDbDir
 
-  suite &"CoreDB and LedgerRef API on {fileInfo}, {dbType}, {ldgType}":
+  suite &"CoreDB and LedgerRef API on {fileInfo}, {dbType}":
 
-    test &"Ledger API {ldgType}, {numBlocksInfo} blocks":
+    test &"Ledger API {numBlocksInfo} blocks":
       let
-        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType, ldgType)
+        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType)
       defer:
         com.db.finish(flush = finalDiskCleanUpOk)
         if profilingOk: noisy.test_chainSyncProfilingPrint numBlocks
@@ -254,7 +248,6 @@ proc persistentSyncPreLoadAndResumeRunner(
     noisy = true;
     capture = persistentSampleDefault;
     dbType = CoreDbType(0);
-    ldgType = ldgTypeDefault;
     profilingOk = false;
     finalDiskCleanUpOk = true;
     enaLoggingOk = false;
@@ -290,7 +283,7 @@ proc persistentSyncPreLoadAndResumeRunner(
 
     test "Populate db by initial sample parts":
       let
-        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType, ldgType)
+        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType)
       defer:
         com.db.finish(flush = finalDiskCleanUpOk)
         if profilingOk: noisy.test_chainSyncProfilingPrint firstPart
@@ -305,7 +298,7 @@ proc persistentSyncPreLoadAndResumeRunner(
 
     test &"Continue with rest of sample":
       let
-        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType, ldgType)
+        com = initRunnerDB(dbDir, capture, dbType)
       defer:
         com.db.finish(flush = finalDiskCleanUpOk)
         if profilingOk: noisy.test_chainSyncProfilingPrint secndPart
diff --git a/tests/test_coredb/test_chainsync.nim b/tests/test_coredb/test_chainsync.nim
index d84e48c15..2b4e18179 100644
--- a/tests/test_coredb/test_chainsync.nim
+++ b/tests/test_coredb/test_chainsync.nim
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ import
   ../replay/[pp, undump_blocks, undump_blocks_era1, xcheck],
   ./test_helpers
 
-type
-  StopMoaningAboutLedger {.used.} = LedgerType
-
 when CoreDbEnableApiProfiling:
   import
     std/sequtils,
diff --git a/tests/test_getproof_json.nim b/tests/test_getproof_json.nim
index f4b5dd786..e6c08deba 100644
--- a/tests/test_getproof_json.nim
+++ b/tests/test_getproof_json.nim
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ proc getProofJsonMain*() =
         let
           accounts = getGenesisAlloc("tests" / "customgenesis" / file)
           coreDb = newCoreDbRef(DefaultDbMemory)
-          accountsCache = LedgerCache.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
+          accountsCache = LedgerRef.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
           stateRootHash = setupStateDB(accounts, accountsCache)
           accountDb = newAccountStateDB(coreDb, stateRootHash)
           readOnlyDb = ReadOnlyStateDB(accountDb)
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ proc getProofJsonMain*() =
         let
           accounts = getGenesisAlloc("tests" / "customgenesis" / file)
           coreDb = newCoreDbRef(DefaultDbMemory)
-          accountsCache = LedgerCache.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
+          accountsCache = LedgerRef.init(coreDb, emptyRlpHash)
           stateRootHash = setupStateDB(accounts, accountsCache)
           accountDb = newAccountStateDB(coreDb, stateRootHash)
           readOnlyDb = ReadOnlyStateDB(accountDb)
diff --git a/tests/test_rpc_experimental_json.nim b/tests/test_rpc_experimental_json.nim
index 38692a99d..2fbe3204f 100644
--- a/tests/test_rpc_experimental_json.nim
+++ b/tests/test_rpc_experimental_json.nim
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ proc checkAndValidateWitnessAgainstProofs(
     proofs: seq[ProofResponse]) =
 
   let
-    stateDB = LedgerCache.init(db, parentStateRoot)
+    stateDB = LedgerRef.init(db, parentStateRoot)
     verifyWitnessResult = verifyWitness(expectedStateRoot, witness, {wfNoFlag})
 
   check verifyWitnessResult.isOk()