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nimbus-eth1/nimbus/vm/state_transactions.nim

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isolate vm_state_transactions as import/export wrapper details: moved original vm_state_transactions.nim => vm/nvm_state_transactions.nim
2021-03-31 09:05:47 +00:00
# Nimbus
# Copyright (c) 2018 Status Research & Development GmbH
# Licensed under either of
# * Apache License, version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
# * MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
# at your option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.
import
options, sets,
reset explicit import paths for local modules why: it was convenient to have relocatable source modules when writing the vm interface wrappers. this patch moves it back to the standard. also: there are no deep links into the vm folder anymore which leaves some room for manoeuvring inside
2021-04-01 11:53:22 +00:00
eth/common, chronicles, ../db/accounts_cache,
../transaction,
./computation, ./interpreter, ./state, ./types
isolate vm_state_transactions as import/export wrapper details: moved original vm_state_transactions.nim => vm/nvm_state_transactions.nim
2021-03-31 09:05:47 +00:00
proc execComputation*(c: Computation) =
EVM: Small patch that reduces EVM stack usage to almost nothing There's been a lot of talk about the Nimbus EVM "stack problem". I think we assumed changing it would require big changes to the interpreter code, touching a lot of functions. It turned out to be a low hanging fruit. This patch solves the stack problem, but hardly touches anything. The change in EVM stack memory is from 13 MB worst case to just 48 kB, a 250x reduction. I've been doing work on the database/storage/trie code. While looking at the API between the EVM and the database/storage/trie, this stack patch stood out and made itself obvious. As it's tiny, rather than more talk, here it is. Note: This patch is intentionally small, non-invasive, and hopefully easy to understand, so that it doesn't conflict with other work done on the EVM, and can easily be grafted into any other EVM structure. Motivation ========== - We run out of space and crash on some targets, unless the stack limit is raised above its default. Surprise segmentation faults are unhelpful. - Some CI targets have been disabled for months due to this. - Because usage borders on the system limits, when working on database/storage/trie/sync code (called from the EVM), segmentation faults occur and are misleading. They cause lost time due to thinking there's a crash bug in the code being worked on, when there's nothing wrong with it. - Sometimes unrelated, trivial code changes elsewhere trigger CI test failures. It looks like abrupt termination. A simple, recent patch was crashing in `make test` even though it was a trivial refactor. Turns out it pushed the stack over the edge. - A large stack has to be scanned by the Nim garbage collector sometimes. Larger stack means slower GC and memory allocation. - The structure of this small patch suggests how to weave async into the EVM with almost no changes to the EVM, and no async transformation overhead. - The patch seemed obvious when working on the API between EVM and storage. Measurements before =================== All these tests were run on Ubuntu 20.04 server, x86-64. This is one of the targets that has been disabled for a while in CI in EVMC mode due to crashing, and excessive stack usage is the cause. Testing commit 0c34a8e3 `2021-04-08 17:46:00 +0200 CI: use MSYS2 on Windows`. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=1 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default to avoid crash. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 38496 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 13140272 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json These tests use 13.14 MB of stack to run, and so crash with the default stack limit on Ubuntu Server 20.04 (8MB). Exactly 12832 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It's interesting to see some stack frames take a bit more. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=1 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 15488 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 3539312 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 3756144 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 7929968 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json These tests use 7.92MB of stack to run. About 7264 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It _only just_ avoids crashing with the default Ubuntu Server stack limit of 8 MB. However, it still crashes on Windows x86-64, which is why the CI target is currently disabled. On Linux where this passes, this is so borderline that it affects work and testing of storage and sync code, because that's called from the EVM. Which was a motivation for dealing with the stack instead of letting this linger. Also, this stack greatly exceeds the default thread stack size. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default to avoid crash. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 33216 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 11338032 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json These tests use 11.33 MB stack to run, and so crash with a default stack limit of 8MB. Exactly 11072 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It's interesting to see some stack frames take a bit more. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 10224 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 2471760 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 2623184 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 5537824 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json These tests use 5.54 MB of stack to run, and avoid crashing on with a default stack limit of 8 MB. About 5408 bytes per EVM call stack frame. However, this is uncomfortably close to the limit, as the stack frame size is sensitive to changes in the code. Also, this stack greatly exceeds the default thread stack size. Measurements after ================== (This patch doesn't address EVMC mode, which is not our default. EVMC stack usage remains about the same. EVMC mode is addressed in another tiny patch.) $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 80 # Because we can! 80k stack. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 496 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 49504 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 72 # Because we can! 72k stack. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 448 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 22288 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 23632 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 49504 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json For both tests, a satisfying *48 bytes* per EVM call stack frame, and EVM takes not much more than 48 kB. With other overheads, both tests run in 80 kB stack total at maximum EVM depth. We must add some headroom on this for database activity called from the EVM, and different compile targets. But it means the EVM itself is no longer a stack burden. This is much smaller than the default thread stack size on Linux (2MB), with plenty of margin. It's even smaller than Linux from a long time ago (128kB), and some small embedded C targets. (Just fyi, though, some JVM environments allocated just 32 kB to thread stacks.) This size is also well suited to running EVMs in threads, if that's useful. Subtle exception handling and `dispose` ======================================= It is important that each `snapshot` has a corresponding `dispose` in the event of an exception being raised. This code does do that, but in a subtle way. The pair of functions `execCallOrCreate` and `execCallOrCreateAux` are equivalent to the following code, where you can see `dispose` more clearly: proc execCallOrCreate*(c: Computation) = defer: c.dispose() if c.beforeExec(): return c.executeOpcodes() while not c.continuation.isNil: c.child.execCallOrCreate() c.child = nil (c.continuation)() c.executeOpcodes() c.afterExec() That works fine, but only reduces the stack used to 300-700 kB instead of 48 kB. To get lower we split the above into separate `execCallOrCreate` and `execCallOrCreateAux`. Only the outermost has `defer`, and instead of handling one level, it walks the entire `c.parent` chain calling `dispose` if needed. The inner one avoids `defer`, which greatly reduces the size of its stackframe. `c` is a `var` parameter, at each level of recursion. So the outermost proc sees the temporary changes made by all inner calls. This is why `c` is updated and the `c.parent` chain is maintained at each step. Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
2021-04-12 17:06:31 +00:00
if not c.msg.isCreate:
isolate vm_state_transactions as import/export wrapper details: moved original vm_state_transactions.nim => vm/nvm_state_transactions.nim
2021-03-31 09:05:47 +00:00
c.vmState.mutateStateDB:
db.incNonce(c.msg.sender)
EVM: Small patch that reduces EVM stack usage to almost nothing There's been a lot of talk about the Nimbus EVM "stack problem". I think we assumed changing it would require big changes to the interpreter code, touching a lot of functions. It turned out to be a low hanging fruit. This patch solves the stack problem, but hardly touches anything. The change in EVM stack memory is from 13 MB worst case to just 48 kB, a 250x reduction. I've been doing work on the database/storage/trie code. While looking at the API between the EVM and the database/storage/trie, this stack patch stood out and made itself obvious. As it's tiny, rather than more talk, here it is. Note: This patch is intentionally small, non-invasive, and hopefully easy to understand, so that it doesn't conflict with other work done on the EVM, and can easily be grafted into any other EVM structure. Motivation ========== - We run out of space and crash on some targets, unless the stack limit is raised above its default. Surprise segmentation faults are unhelpful. - Some CI targets have been disabled for months due to this. - Because usage borders on the system limits, when working on database/storage/trie/sync code (called from the EVM), segmentation faults occur and are misleading. They cause lost time due to thinking there's a crash bug in the code being worked on, when there's nothing wrong with it. - Sometimes unrelated, trivial code changes elsewhere trigger CI test failures. It looks like abrupt termination. A simple, recent patch was crashing in `make test` even though it was a trivial refactor. Turns out it pushed the stack over the edge. - A large stack has to be scanned by the Nim garbage collector sometimes. Larger stack means slower GC and memory allocation. - The structure of this small patch suggests how to weave async into the EVM with almost no changes to the EVM, and no async transformation overhead. - The patch seemed obvious when working on the API between EVM and storage. Measurements before =================== All these tests were run on Ubuntu 20.04 server, x86-64. This is one of the targets that has been disabled for a while in CI in EVMC mode due to crashing, and excessive stack usage is the cause. Testing commit 0c34a8e3 `2021-04-08 17:46:00 +0200 CI: use MSYS2 on Windows`. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=1 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default to avoid crash. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 38496 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 13140272 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json These tests use 13.14 MB of stack to run, and so crash with the default stack limit on Ubuntu Server 20.04 (8MB). Exactly 12832 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It's interesting to see some stack frames take a bit more. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=1 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 15488 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 3539312 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 3756144 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 7929968 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json These tests use 7.92MB of stack to run. About 7264 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It _only just_ avoids crashing with the default Ubuntu Server stack limit of 8 MB. However, it still crashes on Windows x86-64, which is why the CI target is currently disabled. On Linux where this passes, this is so borderline that it affects work and testing of storage and sync code, because that's called from the EVM. Which was a motivation for dealing with the stack instead of letting this linger. Also, this stack greatly exceeds the default thread stack size. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default to avoid crash. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 33216 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 11338032 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json These tests use 11.33 MB stack to run, and so crash with a default stack limit of 8MB. Exactly 11072 bytes per EVM call stack frame. It's interesting to see some stack frames take a bit more. $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 16384 # Requires larger stack than default. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 10224 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 2471760 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 2623184 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 5537824 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json These tests use 5.54 MB of stack to run, and avoid crashing on with a default stack limit of 8 MB. About 5408 bytes per EVM call stack frame. However, this is uncomfortably close to the limit, as the stack frame size is sensitive to changes in the code. Also, this stack greatly exceeds the default thread stack size. Measurements after ================== (This patch doesn't address EVMC mode, which is not our default. EVMC stack usage remains about the same. EVMC mode is addressed in another tiny patch.) $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 80 # Because we can! 80k stack. $ ./build/all_tests 9 | tee tlog [Suite] persist block json tests ... Stack range 496 depthHigh 3 ... Stack range 49504 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/PersistBlockTests/block1431916.json $ rm -f build/all_tests && make ENABLE_EVMC=0 test $ ulimit -S -s 72 # Because we can! 72k stack. $ ./build/all_tests 7 | tee tlog [Suite] new generalstate json tests ... Stack range 448 depthHigh 2 ... Stack range 22288 depthHigh 457 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest639.json ... Stack range 23632 depthHigh 485 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stRandom2/randomStatetest458.json ... Stack range 49504 depthHigh 1024 [OK] tests/fixtures/eth_tests/GeneralStateTests/stCreate2/Create2OnDepth1024.json For both tests, a satisfying *48 bytes* per EVM call stack frame, and EVM takes not much more than 48 kB. With other overheads, both tests run in 80 kB stack total at maximum EVM depth. We must add some headroom on this for database activity called from the EVM, and different compile targets. But it means the EVM itself is no longer a stack burden. This is much smaller than the default thread stack size on Linux (2MB), with plenty of margin. It's even smaller than Linux from a long time ago (128kB), and some small embedded C targets. (Just fyi, though, some JVM environments allocated just 32 kB to thread stacks.) This size is also well suited to running EVMs in threads, if that's useful. Subtle exception handling and `dispose` ======================================= It is important that each `snapshot` has a corresponding `dispose` in the event of an exception being raised. This code does do that, but in a subtle way. The pair of functions `execCallOrCreate` and `execCallOrCreateAux` are equivalent to the following code, where you can see `dispose` more clearly: proc execCallOrCreate*(c: Computation) = defer: c.dispose() if c.beforeExec(): return c.executeOpcodes() while not c.continuation.isNil: c.child.execCallOrCreate() c.child = nil (c.continuation)() c.executeOpcodes() c.afterExec() That works fine, but only reduces the stack used to 300-700 kB instead of 48 kB. To get lower we split the above into separate `execCallOrCreate` and `execCallOrCreateAux`. Only the outermost has `defer`, and instead of handling one level, it walks the entire `c.parent` chain calling `dispose` if needed. The inner one avoids `defer`, which greatly reduces the size of its stackframe. `c` is a `var` parameter, at each level of recursion. So the outermost proc sees the temporary changes made by all inner calls. This is why `c` is updated and the `c.parent` chain is maintained at each step. Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
2021-04-12 17:06:31 +00:00
c.execCallOrCreate()
isolate vm_state_transactions as import/export wrapper details: moved original vm_state_transactions.nim => vm/nvm_state_transactions.nim
2021-03-31 09:05:47 +00:00
if c.isSuccess:
c.refundSelfDestruct()
EVM: Apply EIP-6 in the code (affects both vm and vm2) The rationale in EIP-6[1] for changing names to `selfDestruct` applies to code as much as it does to specs. Also, Ethereum uses the new names consistently, so it's useful for our code to match the terms used in later EIP specs and testsuite entries. This change is straightforward, and is a prerequisite for patches to come that do things with the `selfDestruct` fields. [1] https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6 Hudson Jameson, "EIP-6: Renaming SUICIDE opcode," Ethereum Improvement Proposals, no. 6, November 2015. Signed-off-by: Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
2021-05-11 09:05:58 +00:00
shallowCopy(c.vmState.selfDestructs, c.selfDestructs)
isolate vm_state_transactions as import/export wrapper details: moved original vm_state_transactions.nim => vm/nvm_state_transactions.nim
2021-03-31 09:05:47 +00:00
shallowCopy(c.vmState.logEntries, c.logEntries)
c.vmState.touchedAccounts.incl c.touchedAccounts
c.vmstate.status = c.isSuccess