diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
index baea4d264..819161c0c 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/floodsub.nim
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import ./pubsub,
        ./pubsubpeer,
        ./timedcache,
        ./peertable,
-       ./rpc/[message, messages],
+       ./rpc/[message, messages, protobuf],
        ../../crypto/crypto,
        ../../stream/connection,
        ../../peerid,
@@ -95,7 +95,16 @@ method unsubscribePeer*(f: FloodSub, peer: PeerId) =
 
 method rpcHandler*(f: FloodSub,
                    peer: PubSubPeer,
-                   rpcMsg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+                   data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
+
+  var rpcMsg = decodeRpcMsg(data).valueOr:
+    debug "failed to decode msg from peer", peer, err = error
+    raise newException(CatchableError, "")
+
+  trace "decoded msg from peer", peer, msg = rpcMsg.shortLog
+  # trigger hooks
+  peer.recvObservers(rpcMsg)
+
   for i in 0..<min(f.topicsHigh, rpcMsg.subscriptions.len):
     template sub: untyped = rpcMsg.subscriptions[i]
     f.handleSubscribe(peer, sub.topic, sub.subscribe)
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
index 794ea3e7e..ab603145a 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub.nim
@@ -13,13 +13,14 @@
 
 import std/[sets, sequtils]
 import chronos, chronicles, metrics
+import chronos/ratelimit
 import ./pubsub,
        ./floodsub,
        ./pubsubpeer,
        ./peertable,
        ./mcache,
        ./timedcache,
-       ./rpc/[messages, message],
+       ./rpc/[messages, message, protobuf],
        ../protocol,
        ../../stream/connection,
        ../../peerinfo,
@@ -78,7 +79,8 @@ proc init*(_: type[GossipSubParams]): GossipSubParams =
       disconnectBadPeers: false,
       enablePX: false,
       bandwidthEstimatebps: 100_000_000, # 100 Mbps or 12.5 MBps
-      iwantTimeout: 3 * GossipSubHeartbeatInterval
+      iwantTimeout: 3 * GossipSubHeartbeatInterval,
+      overheadRateLimit: Opt.none(tuple[bytes: int, interval: Duration])
     )
 
 proc validateParameters*(parameters: GossipSubParams): Result[void, cstring] =
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ method onNewPeer(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer) =
     peer.behaviourPenalty = stats.behaviourPenalty
 
     # Check if the score is below the threshold and disconnect the peer if necessary
-    g.disconnectBadPeerCheck(peer, stats.score)
+    g.disconnectIfBadScorePeer(peer, stats.score)
 
   peer.iHaveBudget = IHavePeerBudget
   peer.pingBudget = PingsPeerBudget
@@ -316,7 +318,7 @@ proc validateAndRelay(g: GossipSub,
     of ValidationResult.Reject:
       debug "Dropping message after validation, reason: reject",
         msgId = shortLog(msgId), peer
-      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg.topicIds)
+      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg)
       return
     of ValidationResult.Ignore:
       debug "Dropping message after validation, reason: ignore",
@@ -379,9 +381,57 @@ proc validateAndRelay(g: GossipSub,
   except CatchableError as exc:
     info "validateAndRelay failed", msg=exc.msg
 
+proc dataAndTopicsIdSize(msgs: seq[Message]): int =
+  msgs.mapIt(it.data.len + it.topicIds.mapIt(it.len).foldl(a + b, 0)).foldl(a + b, 0)
+
+proc rateLimit*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, rpcMsgOpt: Opt[RPCMsg], msgSize: int) {.raises:[PeerRateLimitError, CatchableError].} =
+  # In this way we count even ignored fields by protobuf
+
+  var rmsg = rpcMsgOpt.valueOr:
+    peer.overheadRateLimitOpt.withValue(overheadRateLimit):
+      if not overheadRateLimit.tryConsume(msgSize):
+        libp2p_gossipsub_peers_rate_limit_disconnections.inc(labelValues = [peer.getAgent()]) # let's just measure at the beginning for test purposes.
+        debug "Peer sent a msg that couldn't be decoded and it's above rate limit", peer, uselessAppBytesNum = msgSize
+        # discard g.disconnectPeer(peer)
+        # debug "Peer disconnected", peer, uselessAppBytesNum = msgSize
+        # raise newException(PeerRateLimitError, "Peer sent a msg that couldn't be decoded and it's above rate limit")
+
+    raise newException(CatchableError, "Peer msg couldn't be decoded")
+
+  let usefulMsgBytesNum =
+    if g.verifySignature:
+      byteSize(rmsg.messages)
+    else:
+      dataAndTopicsIdSize(rmsg.messages)
+
+  var uselessAppBytesNum = msgSize - usefulMsgBytesNum
+  rmsg.control.withValue(control):
+    uselessAppBytesNum -= (byteSize(control.ihave) + byteSize(control.iwant))
+
+  peer.overheadRateLimitOpt.withValue(overheadRateLimit):
+    if not overheadRateLimit.tryConsume(uselessAppBytesNum):
+      libp2p_gossipsub_peers_rate_limit_disconnections.inc(labelValues = [peer.getAgent()]) # let's just measure at the beginning for test purposes.
+      debug "Peer sent too much useless application data and it's above rate limit.", peer, msgSize, uselessAppBytesNum, rmsg
+      # discard g.disconnectPeer(peer)
+      # debug "Peer disconnected", peer, msgSize, uselessAppBytesNum
+      # raise newException(PeerRateLimitError, "Peer sent too much useless application data and it's above rate limit.")
+
 method rpcHandler*(g: GossipSub,
                   peer: PubSubPeer,
-                  rpcMsg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+                  data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
+
+  let msgSize = data.len
+  var rpcMsg = decodeRpcMsg(data).valueOr:
+    debug "failed to decode msg from peer", peer, err = error
+    rateLimit(g, peer, Opt.none(RPCMsg), msgSize)
+    return
+
+  trace "decoded msg from peer", peer, msg = rpcMsg.shortLog
+  rateLimit(g, peer, Opt.some(rpcMsg), msgSize)
+
+  # trigger hooks
+  peer.recvObservers(rpcMsg)
+
   if rpcMsg.ping.len in 1..<64 and peer.pingBudget > 0:
     g.send(peer, RPCMsg(pong: rpcMsg.ping))
     peer.pingBudget.dec
@@ -445,14 +495,14 @@ method rpcHandler*(g: GossipSub,
       # always validate if signature is present or required
       debug "Dropping message due to failed signature verification",
         msgId = shortLog(msgId), peer
-      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg.topicIds)
+      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg)
       continue
 
     if msg.seqno.len > 0 and msg.seqno.len != 8:
       # if we have seqno should be 8 bytes long
       debug "Dropping message due to invalid seqno length",
         msgId = shortLog(msgId), peer
-      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg.topicIds)
+      g.punishInvalidMessage(peer, msg)
       continue
 
     # g.anonymize needs no evaluation when receiving messages
@@ -676,3 +726,13 @@ method initPubSub*(g: GossipSub)
 
   # init gossip stuff
   g.mcache = MCache.init(g.parameters.historyGossip, g.parameters.historyLength)
+
+method getOrCreatePeer*(
+    g: GossipSub,
+    peerId: PeerId,
+    protos: seq[string]): PubSubPeer =
+
+  let peer = procCall PubSub(g).getOrCreatePeer(peerId, protos)
+  g.parameters.overheadRateLimit.withValue(overheadRateLimit):
+    peer.overheadRateLimitOpt = Opt.some(TokenBucket.new(overheadRateLimit.bytes, overheadRateLimit.interval))
+  return peer
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
index 3785e37d1..f1c1e923f 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/scoring.nim
@@ -11,9 +11,12 @@
 
 import std/[tables, sets]
 import chronos, chronicles, metrics
+import chronos/ratelimit
 import "."/[types]
 import ".."/[pubsubpeer]
+import ../rpc/messages
 import "../../.."/[peerid, multiaddress, switch, utils/heartbeat]
+import ../pubsub
 
 logScope:
   topics = "libp2p gossipsub"
@@ -27,6 +30,7 @@ declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_invalidMessageDeliveries, "Detailed go
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_appScore, "Detailed gossipsub scoring metric", labels = ["agent"])
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_behaviourPenalty, "Detailed gossipsub scoring metric", labels = ["agent"])
 declareGauge(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_colocationFactor, "Detailed gossipsub scoring metric", labels = ["agent"])
+declarePublicCounter(libp2p_gossipsub_peers_rate_limit_disconnections, "The number of peer disconnections by gossipsub because of rate limit", labels = ["agent"])
 
 proc init*(_: type[TopicParams]): TopicParams =
   TopicParams(
@@ -85,27 +89,18 @@ proc colocationFactor(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer): float64 =
 
 {.pop.}
 
-proc disconnectPeer(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer) {.async.} =
-  let agent =
-    when defined(libp2p_agents_metrics):
-      if peer.shortAgent.len > 0:
-        peer.shortAgent
-      else:
-        "unknown"
-    else:
-      "unknown"
-  libp2p_gossipsub_bad_score_disconnection.inc(labelValues = [agent])
-
+proc disconnectPeer*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer) {.async.} =
   try:
     await g.switch.disconnect(peer.peerId)
   except CatchableError as exc: # Never cancelled
     trace "Failed to close connection", peer, error = exc.name, msg = exc.msg
 
-proc disconnectBadPeerCheck*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, score: float64) =
+proc disconnectIfBadScorePeer*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, score: float64) =
   if g.parameters.disconnectBadPeers and score < g.parameters.graylistThreshold and
      peer.peerId notin g.parameters.directPeers:
     debug "disconnecting bad score peer", peer, score = peer.score
     asyncSpawn(g.disconnectPeer(peer))
+    libp2p_gossipsub_bad_score_disconnection.inc(labelValues = [peer.getAgent()])
 
 proc updateScores*(g: GossipSub) = # avoid async
   ## https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.1.md#the-score-function
@@ -175,14 +170,7 @@ proc updateScores*(g: GossipSub) = # avoid async
         score += topicScore * topicParams.topicWeight
 
       # Score metrics
-      let agent =
-        when defined(libp2p_agents_metrics):
-          if peer.shortAgent.len > 0:
-            peer.shortAgent
-          else:
-            "unknown"
-        else:
-          "unknown"
+      let agent = peer.getAgent()
       libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_firstMessageDeliveries.inc(info.firstMessageDeliveries, labelValues = [agent])
       libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_meshMessageDeliveries.inc(info.meshMessageDeliveries, labelValues = [agent])
       libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_meshFailurePenalty.inc(info.meshFailurePenalty, labelValues = [agent])
@@ -219,14 +207,7 @@ proc updateScores*(g: GossipSub) = # avoid async
     score += colocationFactor * g.parameters.ipColocationFactorWeight
 
     # Score metrics
-    let agent =
-      when defined(libp2p_agents_metrics):
-        if peer.shortAgent.len > 0:
-          peer.shortAgent
-        else:
-          "unknown"
-      else:
-        "unknown"
+    let agent = peer.getAgent()
     libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_appScore.inc(peer.appScore, labelValues = [agent])
     libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_behaviourPenalty.inc(peer.behaviourPenalty, labelValues = [agent])
     libp2p_gossipsub_peers_score_colocationFactor.inc(colocationFactor, labelValues = [agent])
@@ -246,8 +227,7 @@ proc updateScores*(g: GossipSub) = # avoid async
 
     trace "updated peer's score", peer, score = peer.score, n_topics, is_grafted
 
-    g.disconnectBadPeerCheck(peer, stats.score)
-
+    g.disconnectIfBadScorePeer(peer, stats.score)
     libp2p_gossipsub_peers_scores.inc(peer.score, labelValues = [agent])
 
   for peer in evicting:
@@ -260,8 +240,18 @@ proc scoringHeartbeat*(g: GossipSub) {.async.} =
     trace "running scoring heartbeat", instance = cast[int](g)
     g.updateScores()
 
-proc punishInvalidMessage*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, topics: seq[string]) =
-  for tt in topics:
+proc punishInvalidMessage*(g: GossipSub, peer: PubSubPeer, msg: Message) =
+  let uselessAppBytesNum = msg.data.len
+  peer.overheadRateLimitOpt.withValue(overheadRateLimit):
+    if not overheadRateLimit.tryConsume(uselessAppBytesNum):
+      debug "Peer sent invalid message and it's above rate limit", peer, uselessAppBytesNum
+      libp2p_gossipsub_peers_rate_limit_disconnections.inc(labelValues = [peer.getAgent()]) # let's just measure at the beginning for test purposes.
+      # discard g.disconnectPeer(peer)
+      # debug "Peer disconnected", peer, uselessAppBytesNum
+      # raise newException(PeerRateLimitError, "Peer sent invalid message and it's above rate limit")
+
+
+  for tt in msg.topicIds:
     let t = tt
     if t notin g.topics:
       continue
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
index ca79b290e..635fc9152 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/gossipsub/types.nim
@@ -145,6 +145,8 @@ type
     bandwidthEstimatebps*: int # This is currently used only for limting flood publishing. 0 disables flood-limiting completely
     iwantTimeout*: Duration
 
+    overheadRateLimit*: Opt[tuple[bytes: int, interval: Duration]]
+
   BackoffTable* = Table[string, Table[PeerId, Moment]]
   ValidationSeenTable* = Table[MessageId, HashSet[PubSubPeer]]
 
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
index 02436a9b4..ef4d68002 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsub.nim
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 import std/[tables, sequtils, sets, strutils]
 import chronos, chronicles, metrics
+import chronos/ratelimit
 import ./errors as pubsub_errors,
        ./pubsubpeer,
        ./rpc/[message, messages, protobuf],
@@ -263,7 +264,7 @@ proc updateMetrics*(p: PubSub, rpcMsg: RPCMsg) =
 
 method rpcHandler*(p: PubSub,
                    peer: PubSubPeer,
-                   rpcMsg: RPCMsg): Future[void] {.base, async.} =
+                   data: seq[byte]): Future[void] {.base, async.} =
   ## Handler that must be overridden by concrete implementation
   raiseAssert "Unimplemented"
 
@@ -278,10 +279,11 @@ method onPubSubPeerEvent*(p: PubSub, peer: PubSubPeer, event: PubSubPeerEvent) {
   of PubSubPeerEventKind.Disconnected:
     discard
 
-proc getOrCreatePeer*(
+method getOrCreatePeer*(
     p: PubSub,
     peerId: PeerId,
-    protos: seq[string]): PubSubPeer =
+    protos: seq[string]): PubSubPeer {.base, gcsafe.} =
+
   p.peers.withValue(peerId, peer):
     return peer[]
 
@@ -354,9 +356,9 @@ method handleConn*(p: PubSub,
   ##    that we're interested in
   ##
 
-  proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg): Future[void] =
+  proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]): Future[void] =
     # call pubsub rpc handler
-    p.rpcHandler(peer, msg)
+    p.rpcHandler(peer, data)
 
   let peer = p.getOrCreatePeer(conn.peerId, @[proto])
 
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
index 1dcd28286..464131ddf 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/pubsubpeer.nim
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 import std/[sequtils, strutils, tables, hashes, options, sets, deques]
 import stew/results
 import chronos, chronicles, nimcrypto/sha2, metrics
+import chronos/ratelimit
 import rpc/[messages, message, protobuf],
        ../../peerid,
        ../../peerinfo,
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ when defined(libp2p_expensive_metrics):
   declareCounter(libp2p_pubsub_skipped_sent_messages, "number of sent skipped messages", labels = ["id"])
 
 type
+  PeerRateLimitError* = object of CatchableError
+
   PubSubObserver* = ref object
     onRecv*: proc(peer: PubSubPeer; msgs: var RPCMsg) {.gcsafe, raises: [].}
     onSend*: proc(peer: PubSubPeer; msgs: var RPCMsg) {.gcsafe, raises: [].}
@@ -66,8 +69,9 @@ type
     maxMessageSize: int
     appScore*: float64 # application specific score
     behaviourPenalty*: float64 # the eventual penalty score
+    overheadRateLimitOpt*: Opt[TokenBucket]
 
-  RPCHandler* = proc(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg): Future[void]
+  RPCHandler* = proc(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]): Future[void]
     {.gcsafe, raises: [].}
 
 when defined(libp2p_agents_metrics):
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ func outbound*(p: PubSubPeer): bool =
   else:
     false
 
-proc recvObservers(p: PubSubPeer, msg: var RPCMsg) =
+proc recvObservers*(p: PubSubPeer, msg: var RPCMsg) =
   # trigger hooks
   if not(isNil(p.observers)) and p.observers[].len > 0:
     for obs in p.observers[]:
@@ -134,26 +138,19 @@ proc handle*(p: PubSubPeer, conn: Connection) {.async.} =
           conn, peer = p, closed = conn.closed,
           data = data.shortLog
 
-        var rmsg = decodeRpcMsg(data).valueOr:
-          debug "failed to decode msg from peer",
-            conn, peer = p, closed = conn.closed,
-            err = error
-          break
-        data = newSeq[byte]() # Release memory
-
-        trace "decoded msg from peer",
-          conn, peer = p, closed = conn.closed,
-          msg = rmsg.shortLog
-        # trigger hooks
-        p.recvObservers(rmsg)
-
         when defined(libp2p_expensive_metrics):
           for m in rmsg.messages:
             for t in m.topicIDs:
               # metrics
               libp2p_pubsub_received_messages.inc(labelValues = [$p.peerId, t])
 
-        await p.handler(p, rmsg)
+        await p.handler(p, data)
+        data = newSeq[byte]() # Release memory
+    except PeerRateLimitError as exc:
+      debug "Peer rate limit exceeded, exiting read while", conn, peer = p, error = exc.msg
+    except CatchableError as exc:
+      debug "Exception occurred in PubSubPeer.handle",
+        conn, peer = p, closed = conn.closed, exc = exc.msg
     finally:
       await conn.close()
   except CancelledError:
@@ -307,7 +304,8 @@ proc new*(
   getConn: GetConn,
   onEvent: OnEvent,
   codec: string,
-  maxMessageSize: int): T =
+  maxMessageSize: int,
+  overheadRateLimitOpt: Opt[TokenBucket] = Opt.none(TokenBucket)): T =
 
   result = T(
     getConn: getConn,
@@ -315,7 +313,18 @@ proc new*(
     codec: codec,
     peerId: peerId,
     connectedFut: newFuture[void](),
-    maxMessageSize: maxMessageSize
+    maxMessageSize: maxMessageSize,
+    overheadRateLimitOpt: overheadRateLimitOpt
   )
   result.sentIHaves.addFirst(default(HashSet[MessageId]))
   result.heDontWants.addFirst(default(HashSet[MessageId]))
+
+proc getAgent*(peer: PubSubPeer): string =
+  return
+    when defined(libp2p_agents_metrics):
+      if peer.shortAgent.len > 0:
+        peer.shortAgent
+      else:
+        "unknown"
+    else:
+      "unknown"
diff --git a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/messages.nim b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/messages.nim
index ce6dd318b..d4cbf85da 100644
--- a/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/messages.nim
+++ b/libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/messages.nim
@@ -116,3 +116,32 @@ func shortLog*(m: RPCMsg): auto =
     messages: mapIt(m.messages, it.shortLog),
     control: m.control.get(ControlMessage()).shortLog
   )
+
+proc byteSize*(msg: Message): int =
+  var total = 0
+  total += msg.fromPeer.len
+  total += msg.data.len
+  total += msg.seqno.len
+  total += msg.signature.len
+  total += msg.key.len
+  for topicId in msg.topicIds:
+    total += topicId.len
+  return total
+
+proc byteSize*(msgs: seq[Message]): int =
+  msgs.mapIt(byteSize(it)).foldl(a + b, 0)
+
+proc byteSize*(ihave: seq[ControlIHave]): int =
+  var total = 0
+  for item in ihave:
+    total += item.topicId.len
+    for msgId in item.messageIds:
+      total += msgId.len
+  return total
+
+proc byteSize*(iwant: seq[ControlIWant]): int =
+  var total = 0
+  for item in iwant:
+    for msgId in item.messageIds:
+      total += msgId.len
+  return total
diff --git a/tests/pubsub/testgossipinternal.nim b/tests/pubsub/testgossipinternal.nim
index 909e1d613..a764c8e52 100644
--- a/tests/pubsub/testgossipinternal.nim
+++ b/tests/pubsub/testgossipinternal.nim
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import ../../libp2p/crypto/crypto
 import ../../libp2p/stream/bufferstream
 import ../../libp2p/switch
 import ../../libp2p/muxers/muxer
+import ../../libp2p/protocols/pubsub/rpc/protobuf
 
 import ../helpers
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ proc getPubSubPeer(p: TestGossipSub, peerId: PeerId): PubSubPeer =
   proc getConn(): Future[Connection] =
     p.switch.dial(peerId, GossipSubCodec)
 
-  let pubSubPeer = PubSubPeer.new(peerId, getConn, nil, GossipSubCodec, 1024 * 1024)
+  let pubSubPeer = PubSubPeer.new(peerId, getConn, nil, GossipSubCodec, 1024 * 1024, Opt.some(TokenBucket.new(1024, 500.milliseconds)))
   debug "created new pubsub peer", peerId
 
   p.peers[peerId] = pubSubPeer
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`replenishFanout` Degree Lo":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -197,7 +198,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`dropFanoutPeers` drop expired fanout topics":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`dropFanoutPeers` leave unexpired fanout topics":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic1 = "foobar1"
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`getGossipPeers` - should gather up to degree D non intersecting peers":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`getGossipPeers` - should not crash on missing topics in mesh":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`getGossipPeers` - should not crash on missing topics in fanout":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -406,7 +407,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "`getGossipPeers` - should not crash on missing topics in gossip":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -447,7 +448,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "Drop messages of topics without subscription":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       check false
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -470,7 +471,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
       let peer = gossipSub.getPubSubPeer(peerId)
       inc seqno
       let msg = Message.init(peerId, ("bar" & $i).toBytes(), topic, some(seqno))
-      await gossipSub.rpcHandler(peer, RPCMsg(messages: @[msg]))
+      await gossipSub.rpcHandler(peer, encodeRpcMsg(RPCMsg(messages: @[msg]), false))
 
     check gossipSub.mcache.msgs.len == 0
 
@@ -481,7 +482,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
     gossipSub.parameters.disconnectBadPeers = true
     gossipSub.parameters.appSpecificWeight = 1.0
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       check false
 
     let topic = "foobar"
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
     conn.peerId = peerId
     let peer = gossipSub.getPubSubPeer(peerId)
 
-    await gossipSub.rpcHandler(peer, lotOfSubs)
+    await gossipSub.rpcHandler(peer, encodeRpcMsg(lotOfSubs, false))
 
     check:
       gossipSub.gossipsub.len == gossipSub.topicsHigh
@@ -656,7 +657,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
   asyncTest "handleIHave/Iwant tests":
     let gossipSub = TestGossipSub.init(newStandardSwitch())
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
       check false
     proc handler2(topic: string, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} = discard
 
@@ -733,7 +734,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
 
     var iwantCount = 0
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} =
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} =
      check false
 
     proc handler2(topic: string, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} = discard
@@ -779,7 +780,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
         data: actualMessageData
       )]
     )
-    await gossipSub.rpcHandler(firstPeer, rpcMsg)
+    await gossipSub.rpcHandler(firstPeer, encodeRpcMsg(rpcMsg, false))
 
     check: not gossipSub.outstandingIWANTs.contains(ihaveMessageId.toBytes())
 
@@ -792,7 +793,7 @@ suite "GossipSub internal":
     gossipSub.parameters.iwantTimeout = 10.milliseconds
     await gossipSub.start()
 
-    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, msg: RPCMsg) {.async.} = discard
+    proc handler(peer: PubSubPeer, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} = discard
     proc handler2(topic: string, data: seq[byte]) {.async.} = discard
 
     let topic = "foobar"
diff --git a/tests/pubsub/testmessage.nim b/tests/pubsub/testmessage.nim
index 7bc4b267a..f4f062fa3 100644
--- a/tests/pubsub/testmessage.nim
+++ b/tests/pubsub/testmessage.nim
@@ -73,3 +73,15 @@ suite "Message":
     check:
       msgIdResult.isErr
       msgIdResult.error == ValidationResult.Reject
+
+  test "byteSize for Message":
+    var msg = Message(
+      fromPeer: PeerId(data: @[]),  # Empty seq[byte]
+      data: @[1'u8, 2, 3],  # 3 bytes
+      seqno: @[1'u8],  # 1 byte
+      signature: @[],  # Empty seq[byte]
+      key: @[1'u8],  # 1 byte
+      topicIds: @["abc", "defgh"]  # 3 + 5 = 8 bytes
+    )
+
+    check byteSize(msg) == 3 + 1 + 1 + 8  # Total: 13 bytes
\ No newline at end of file