migrate/database/postgres/postgres.go

// +build go1.9

package postgres

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"io/ioutil"
	nurl "net/url"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4"
	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database"
	multierror "github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
	"github.com/lib/pq"
)

func init() {
	db := Postgres{}
	database.Register("postgres", &db)
	database.Register("postgresql", &db)
}

var DefaultMigrationsTable = "schema_migrations"

var (
	ErrNilConfig      = fmt.Errorf("no config")
	ErrNoDatabaseName = fmt.Errorf("no database name")
	ErrNoSchema       = fmt.Errorf("no schema")
	ErrDatabaseDirty  = fmt.Errorf("database is dirty")
)

type Config struct {
	MigrationsTable string
	DatabaseName    string
	SchemaName      string
}

type Postgres struct {
	// Locking and unlocking need to use the same connection
	conn     *sql.Conn
	db       *sql.DB
	isLocked bool

	// Open and WithInstance need to garantuee that config is never nil
	config *Config
}

func WithInstance(instance *sql.DB, config *Config) (database.Driver, error) {
	if config == nil {
		return nil, ErrNilConfig
	}

	if err := instance.Ping(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	query := `SELECT CURRENT_DATABASE()`
	var databaseName string
	if err := instance.QueryRow(query).Scan(&databaseName); err != nil {
		return nil, &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}

	if len(databaseName) == 0 {
		return nil, ErrNoDatabaseName
	}

	config.DatabaseName = databaseName

	query = `SELECT CURRENT_SCHEMA()`
	var schemaName string
	if err := instance.QueryRow(query).Scan(&schemaName); err != nil {
		return nil, &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}

	if len(schemaName) == 0 {
		return nil, ErrNoSchema
	}

	config.SchemaName = schemaName

	if len(config.MigrationsTable) == 0 {
		config.MigrationsTable = DefaultMigrationsTable
	}

	conn, err := instance.Conn(context.Background())

	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	px := &Postgres{
		conn:   conn,
		db:     instance,
		config: config,
	}

	if err := px.ensureVersionTable(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return px, nil
}

func (p *Postgres) Open(url string) (database.Driver, error) {
	purl, err := nurl.Parse(url)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	db, err := sql.Open("postgres", migrate.FilterCustomQuery(purl).String())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	migrationsTable := purl.Query().Get("x-migrations-table")

	px, err := WithInstance(db, &Config{
		DatabaseName:    purl.Path,
		MigrationsTable: migrationsTable,
	})

	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return px, nil
}

func (p *Postgres) Close() error {
	connErr := p.conn.Close()
	dbErr := p.db.Close()
	if connErr != nil || dbErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("conn: %v, db: %v", connErr, dbErr)
	}
	return nil
}

// https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/explicit-locking.html#ADVISORY-LOCKS
func (p *Postgres) Lock() error {
	if p.isLocked {
		return database.ErrLocked
	}

	aid, err := database.GenerateAdvisoryLockId(p.config.DatabaseName, p.config.SchemaName)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// This will either obtain the lock immediately and return true,
	// or return false if the lock cannot be acquired immediately.
	query := `SELECT pg_advisory_lock($1)`
	if _, err := p.conn.ExecContext(context.Background(), query, aid); err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Err: "try lock failed", Query: []byte(query)}
	}

	p.isLocked = true
	return nil
}

func (p *Postgres) Unlock() error {
	if !p.isLocked {
		return nil
	}

	aid, err := database.GenerateAdvisoryLockId(p.config.DatabaseName, p.config.SchemaName)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	query := `SELECT pg_advisory_unlock($1)`
	if _, err := p.conn.ExecContext(context.Background(), query, aid); err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}
	p.isLocked = false
	return nil
}

func (p *Postgres) Run(migration io.Reader) error {
	migr, err := ioutil.ReadAll(migration)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// run migration
	query := string(migr[:])
	if _, err := p.conn.ExecContext(context.Background(), query); err != nil {
		if pgErr, ok := err.(*pq.Error); ok {
			var line uint
			var col uint
			var lineColOK bool
			if pgErr.Position != "" {
				if pos, err := strconv.ParseUint(pgErr.Position, 10, 64); err == nil {
					line, col, lineColOK = computeLineFromPos(query, int(pos))
				}
			}
			message := fmt.Sprintf("migration failed: %s", pgErr.Message)
			if lineColOK {
				message = fmt.Sprintf("%s (column %d)", message, col)
			}
			if pgErr.Detail != "" {
				message = fmt.Sprintf("%s, %s", message, pgErr.Detail)
			}
			return database.Error{OrigErr: err, Err: message, Query: migr, Line: line}
		}
		return database.Error{OrigErr: err, Err: "migration failed", Query: migr}
	}

	return nil
}

func computeLineFromPos(s string, pos int) (line uint, col uint, ok bool) {
	// replace crlf with lf
	s = strings.Replace(s, "\r\n", "\n", -1)
	// pg docs: pos uses index 1 for the first character, and positions are measured in characters not bytes
	runes := []rune(s)
	if pos > len(runes) {
		return 0, 0, false
	}
	sel := runes[:pos]
	line = uint(runesCount(sel, newLine) + 1)
	col = uint(pos - 1 - runesLastIndex(sel, newLine))
	return line, col, true
}

const newLine = '\n'

func runesCount(input []rune, target rune) int {
	var count int
	for _, r := range input {
		if r == target {
			count++
		}
	}
	return count
}

func runesLastIndex(input []rune, target rune) int {
	for i := len(input) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		if input[i] == target {
			return i
		}
	}
	return -1
}

func (p *Postgres) SetVersion(version int, dirty bool) error {
	tx, err := p.conn.BeginTx(context.Background(), &sql.TxOptions{})
	if err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Err: "transaction start failed"}
	}

	query := `TRUNCATE ` + pq.QuoteIdentifier(p.config.MigrationsTable)
	if _, err := tx.Exec(query); err != nil {
		tx.Rollback()
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}

	if version >= 0 {
		query = `INSERT INTO ` + pq.QuoteIdentifier(p.config.MigrationsTable) + ` (version, dirty) VALUES ($1, $2)`
		if _, err := tx.Exec(query, version, dirty); err != nil {
			tx.Rollback()
			return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
		}
	}

	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Err: "transaction commit failed"}
	}

	return nil
}

func (p *Postgres) Version() (version int, dirty bool, err error) {
	query := `SELECT version, dirty FROM ` + pq.QuoteIdentifier(p.config.MigrationsTable) + ` LIMIT 1`
	err = p.conn.QueryRowContext(context.Background(), query).Scan(&version, &dirty)
	switch {
	case err == sql.ErrNoRows:
		return database.NilVersion, false, nil

	case err != nil:
		if e, ok := err.(*pq.Error); ok {
			if e.Code.Name() == "undefined_table" {
				return database.NilVersion, false, nil
			}
		}
		return 0, false, &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}

	default:
		return version, dirty, nil
	}
}

func (p *Postgres) Drop() error {
	// select all tables in current schema
	query := `SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=(SELECT current_schema()) AND table_type='BASE TABLE'`
	tables, err := p.conn.QueryContext(context.Background(), query)
	if err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}
	defer tables.Close()

	// delete one table after another
	tableNames := make([]string, 0)
	for tables.Next() {
		var tableName string
		if err := tables.Scan(&tableName); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(tableName) > 0 {
			tableNames = append(tableNames, tableName)
		}
	}

	if len(tableNames) > 0 {
		// delete one by one ...
		for _, t := range tableNames {
			query = `DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ` + pq.QuoteIdentifier(t) + ` CASCADE`
			if _, err := p.conn.ExecContext(context.Background(), query); err != nil {
				return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// ensureVersionTable checks if versions table exists and, if not, creates it.
// Note that this function locks the database, which deviates from the usual
// convention of "caller locks" in the Postgres type.
func (p *Postgres) ensureVersionTable() (err error) {
	if err = p.Lock(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	defer func() {
		if e := p.Unlock(); e != nil {
			if err == nil {
				err = e
			} else {
				err = multierror.Append(err, e)
			}
		}
	}()

	query := `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ` + pq.QuoteIdentifier(p.config.MigrationsTable) + ` (version bigint not null primary key, dirty boolean not null)`
	if _, err = p.conn.ExecContext(context.Background(), query); err != nil {
		return &database.Error{OrigErr: err, Query: []byte(query)}
	}

	return nil
}