local json = require("cjson")
local cache_rules = require("cache.cache_rules")
local mlcache = require("resty.mlcache")
local keydb_l3_cache = require("cache.keydb_l3_cache")

local _M = {}

-- Initialize mlcache instances for different cache types
local cache_instances = {}

-- Create normalized hash for cache key generation
local function normalized_hash(decoded_body)
    if not decoded_body or not decoded_body.method then
        return nil
    end
    
    local method = decoded_body.method or ""
    local jsonrpc = decoded_body.jsonrpc or "2.0"
    local params_hash = ""
    
    -- Generate hash for params if they exist
    if decoded_body.params then
        local params_json = json.encode(decoded_body.params)
        params_hash = ngx.md5(params_json)
    end
    
    return method .. ":" .. jsonrpc .. ":" .. params_hash
end

-- Fix the id in cached response to match the current request
local function fix_response_id(cached_response, request_id)
    if not cached_response or not request_id then
        return cached_response
    end
    
    local success, response_data = pcall(json.decode, cached_response)
    if not success or not response_data then
        return cached_response
    end
    
    -- If id already matches, return original response to preserve formatting
    if response_data.id == request_id then
        return cached_response
    end
    
    -- Update the id to match the current request
    response_data.id = request_id
    
    local success_encode, fixed_response = pcall(json.encode, response_data)
    if not success_encode then
        return cached_response
    end
    
    return fixed_response
end

-- Function to reset cache instances (for testing)
function _M.reset_cache_instances()
    cache_instances = {}
end

-- L3 cache callback function for mlcache
local function l3_callback(cache_key)
    -- Check if L3 cache is enabled
    if not keydb_l3_cache.enabled() then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "L3 cache disabled, skipping for key: ", cache_key)
        return nil
    end
    
    local data, err = keydb_l3_cache.get(cache_key)
    if err and err ~= "cache miss" then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "L3 cache error for key ", cache_key, ": ", err)
        return nil
    end
    
    -- Log L3 cache activity only when L3 cache is enabled
    local stats_dict = ngx.shared.cache_stats
    if data then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "L3 cache hit for key: ", cache_key)
        stats_dict:incr("l3_cache_hits", 1, 0)
    else
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "L3 cache miss for key: ", cache_key)
        stats_dict:incr("l3_cache_misses", 1, 0)
    end
    
    return data
end

-- Helper function to get or create mlcache instance
local function get_cache_instance(cache_type)
    if not cache_instances[cache_type] then
        local shm_name = "rpc_cache"
        if cache_type == "short" then
            shm_name = "rpc_cache_short"
        elseif cache_type == "minimal" then
            shm_name = "rpc_cache_minimal"
        end
        
        local cache, err = mlcache.new("mlcache_" .. cache_type, shm_name, {
            lru_size = 1000,    -- L1 LRU cache size
            ttl = 3600,         -- Default TTL (will be overridden)
            neg_ttl = 30,       -- Negative caching TTL
            resurrect_ttl = 30, -- TTL for stale values during refresh
            ipc_shm = "mlcache_ipc",  -- IPC shared memory for multi-worker sync
            resty_lock_opts = {
                exptime = 30,   -- Lock expiration time
                timeout = 5     -- Lock acquisition timeout
            }
        })
        
        if not cache then
            ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "Failed to create mlcache instance for ", cache_type, ": ", err)
            return nil
        end
        
        cache_instances[cache_type] = cache
    end
    
    return cache_instances[cache_type]
end

-- Helper function to decode JSON once and cache result
local function get_decoded_body(body_data)
    if not body_data then return nil end
    
    -- If already decoded (table), return as is
    if type(body_data) == "table" then
        return body_data
    end
    
    local ok, body_json = pcall(json.decode, body_data)
    if not ok or not body_json or not body_json.method then
        return nil
    end
    
    return body_json
end

-- Unified cache function that handles all cache operations
-- Returns cache information along with decoded request body to avoid duplicate JSON parsing
function _M.check_cache(chain, network, body_data)
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] check_cache called - chain: ", chain, ", network: ", network, ", body_length: ", body_data and #body_data or "nil")
    
    local decoded_body = get_decoded_body(body_data)
    if not decoded_body then
        ngx.log(ngx.WARN, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Failed to decode body data or missing method")
        return {
            cache_type = nil,
            cache_key = nil,
            ttl = nil,
            cached_response = nil,
            decoded_body = nil
        }
    end
    
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Decoded body method: ", decoded_body.method)
    
    local cache_info = cache_rules.get_cache_info(chain, network, decoded_body)
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache rules result - cache_type: ", cache_info and cache_info.cache_type or "nil", 
            ", ttl: ", cache_info and cache_info.ttl or "nil")
    
    if not cache_info or cache_info.cache_type == "none" or cache_info.ttl == 0 then
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache disabled or TTL is 0, not using cache")
        return {
            cache_type = nil,
            cache_key = nil,
            ttl = nil,
            cached_response = nil,
            decoded_body = decoded_body
        }
    end
    
    local cache_type = cache_info.cache_type
    local ttl = cache_info.ttl
    
    local cache_instance = get_cache_instance(cache_type)
    
    if not cache_instance then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Failed to get cache instance for type: ", cache_type)
        return {
            cache_type = nil,
            cache_key = nil,
            ttl = nil,
            cached_response = nil,
            decoded_body = decoded_body
        }
    end
    
    -- Create normalized cache key (without id field for consistent caching)
    local hash_part = normalized_hash(decoded_body)
    if not hash_part then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Failed to generate normalized hash")
        return {
            cache_type = nil,
            cache_key = nil,
            ttl = nil,
            cached_response = nil,
            decoded_body = decoded_body
        }
    end
    
    local cache_key = chain .. ":" .. network .. ":" .. hash_part
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Generated cache key: ", cache_key, " for cache_type: ", cache_type, " with TTL: ", ttl)
    
    -- Use L3 callback when getting from cache
    local cached_response, err, hit_level = cache_instance:get(cache_key, { ttl = ttl }, l3_callback, cache_key)
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache lookup result - hit_level: ", hit_level or "nil", 
            ", has_response: ", cached_response and "yes" or "no", ", error: ", err or "none")
    local stats_dict = ngx.shared.cache_stats
    
    if cached_response and cached_response ~= ngx.null then
        -- Fix the id in cached response to match current request
        cached_response = fix_response_id(cached_response, decoded_body.id)
        
        -- Increment cache hit counter based on hit level
        if hit_level == 1 then
            stats_dict:incr("l1_cache_hits_" .. cache_type, 1, 0)
            ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] L1 Cache HIT for key: ", cache_key)
        elseif hit_level == 2 then
            stats_dict:incr("l2_cache_hits_" .. cache_type, 1, 0)
            ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] L2 Cache HIT for key: ", cache_key)
        end
        stats_dict:incr("cache_hits_" .. cache_type, 1, 0)
        stats_dict:incr("cache_hits_total", 1, 0)
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache HIT - returning cached response for key: ", cache_key)
    else
        -- Increment cache miss counter
        stats_dict:incr("cache_misses_" .. cache_type, 1, 0)
        stats_dict:incr("cache_misses_total", 1, 0)
        cached_response = nil
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache MISS for key: ", cache_key)
    end
    
    -- Increment total requests counter
    stats_dict:incr("total_requests_" .. cache_type, 1, 0)
    stats_dict:incr("total_requests_all", 1, 0)
    
    return {
        cache_type = cache_type,
        cache_key = cache_key,
        ttl = ttl,
        cached_response = cached_response,
        decoded_body = decoded_body,
        cache_instance = cache_instance
    }
end

-- Save function that uses cache_info and also saves to L3 cache
function _M.save_to_cache(cache_info, response_body)
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] save_to_cache called - cache_type: ", cache_info.cache_type or "nil", 
            ", cache_key: ", cache_info.cache_key or "nil", ", ttl: ", cache_info.ttl or "nil")
    
    if not cache_info.cache_type or not cache_info.cache_key or not cache_info.ttl or not cache_info.cache_instance then
        ngx.log(ngx.WARN, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Missing cache info parameters, cannot save to cache")
        return false
    end
    
    -- Save to L1/L2 cache (mlcache)
    local success, err = cache_info.cache_instance:set(cache_info.cache_key, { ttl = cache_info.ttl }, response_body)
    if not success then
        ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Failed to cache response to L1/L2 (", cache_info.cache_type, "): ", err)
    else
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Successfully saved to L1/L2 cache - key: ", cache_info.cache_key, 
                ", cache_type: ", cache_info.cache_type)
    end
    
    local l3_success = true  -- Default to true if L3 is disabled
    
    -- Save to L3 cache (KeyDB) only if enabled
    if keydb_l3_cache.enabled() then
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] L3 cache is enabled, attempting to save to KeyDB")
        l3_success, l3_err = keydb_l3_cache.set(cache_info.cache_key, response_body, cache_info.ttl)
        if not l3_success then
            ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Failed to cache response to L3 (", cache_info.cache_type, "): ", l3_err)
        else
            ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Successfully saved to L3 cache - key: ", cache_info.cache_key)
        end
    else
        ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] L3 cache disabled, skipping save for key: ", cache_info.cache_key)
    end
    
    local final_result = success or l3_success
    ngx.log(ngx.INFO, "[CACHE_DEBUG] Cache save result - L1/L2_success: ", success and "true" or "false", 
            ", L3_success: ", l3_success and "true" or "false", ", final_result: ", final_result and "true" or "false")
    
    -- Return true if at least one cache succeeded
    return final_result
end

return _M