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Merge pull request #2360 from hashicorp/sethvargo/kv_cli 

Add kv subcommand and CLI
This commit is contained in:
Seth Vargo 2016-09-26 16:51:30 -07:00 committed by GitHub
parent d1da2eff80 f381d19221
commit be17741617
22 changed files with 2033 additions and 11 deletions
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32
api/kv.go
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@ -11,13 +11,35 @@ import (
// KVPair is used to represent a single K/V entry
type KVPair struct {
Key string
// Key is the name of the key. It is also part of the URL path when accessed
// via the API.
Key string
// CreateIndex holds the index corresponding the creation of this KVPair. This
// is a read-only field.
CreateIndex uint64
// ModifyIndex is used for the Check-And-Set operations and can also be fed
// back into the WaitIndex of the QueryOptions in order to perform blocking
// queries.
ModifyIndex uint64
LockIndex uint64
Flags uint64
Value []byte
Session string
// LockIndex holds the index corresponding to a lock on this key, if any. This
// is a read-only field.
LockIndex uint64
// Flags are any user-defined flags on the key. It is up to the implementer
// to check these values, since Consul does not treat them specially.
Flags uint64
// Value is the value for the key. This can be any value, but it will be
// base64 encoded upon transport.
Value []byte
// Session is a string representing the ID of the session. Any other
// interactions with this key over the same session must specify the same
// session ID.
Session string
}
// KVPairs is a list of KVPair objects

76
command/kv_command.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
package command
import (
"strings"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
// KVCommand is a Command implementation that just shows help for
// the subcommands nested below it.
type KVCommand struct {
Ui cli.Ui
}
func (c *KVCommand) Run(args []string) int {
return cli.RunResultHelp
}
func (c *KVCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: consul kv <subcommand> [options] [args]
This command has subcommands for interacting with Consul's key-value
store. Here are some simple examples, and more detailed examples are
available in the subcommands or the documentation.
Create or update the key named "redis/config/connections" with the value "5":
$ consul kv put redis/config/connections 5
Read this value back:
$ consul kv get redis/config/connections
Or get detailed key information:
$ consul kv get -detailed redis/config/connections
Finally, delete the key:
$ consul kv delete redis/config/connections
For more examples, ask for subcommand help or view the documentation.
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *KVCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Interact with the key-value store"
}
var apiOptsText = strings.TrimSpace(`
API Options:
-http-addr=<addr> Address of the Consul agent with the port. This can
be an IP address or DNS address, but it must include
the port. This can also be specified via the
CONSUL_HTTP_ADDR environment variable. The default
value is 127.0.0.1:8500.
-datacenter=<name> Name of the datacenter to query. If unspecified, the
query will default to the datacenter of the Consul
agent at the HTTP address.
-token=<value> ACL token to use in the request. This can also be
specified via the CONSUL_HTTP_TOKEN environment
variable. If unspecified, the query will default to
the token of the Consul agent at the HTTP address.
-stale Permit any Consul server (non-leader) to respond to
this request. This allows for lower latency and higher
throughput, but can result in stale data. This option
has no effect on non-read operations. The default
value is false.
`)

15
command/kv_command_test.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
package command
import (
"testing"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
func TestKVCommand_implements(t *testing.T) {
var _ cli.Command = &KVCommand{}
}
func TestKVCommand_noTabs(t *testing.T) {
assertNoTabs(t, new(KVCommand))
}

165
command/kv_delete.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
package command
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"strings"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
// KVDeleteCommand is a Command implementation that is used to delete a key or
// prefix of keys from the key-value store.
type KVDeleteCommand struct {
Ui cli.Ui
}
func (c *KVDeleteCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: consul kv delete [options] KEY_OR_PREFIX
Removes the value from Consul's key-value store at the given path. If no
key exists at the path, no action is taken.
To delete the value for the key named "foo" in the key-value store:
$ consul kv delete foo
To delete all keys which start with "foo", specify the -recurse option:
$ consul kv delete -recurse foo
This will delete the keys named "foo", "food", and "foo/bar/zip" if they
existed.
` + apiOptsText + `
KV Delete Options:
-cas Perform a Check-And-Set operation. Specifying this
value also requires the -modify-index flag to be set.
The default value is false.
-modify-index=<int> Unsigned integer representing the ModifyIndex of the
key. This is used in combination with the -cas flag.
-recurse Recursively delete all keys with the path. The default
value is false.
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *KVDeleteCommand) Run(args []string) int {
cmdFlags := flag.NewFlagSet("get", flag.ContinueOnError)
cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) }
datacenter := cmdFlags.String("datacenter", "", "")
token := cmdFlags.String("token", "", "")
cas := cmdFlags.Bool("cas", false, "")
modifyIndex := cmdFlags.Uint64("modify-index", 0, "")
recurse := cmdFlags.Bool("recurse", false, "")
httpAddr := HTTPAddrFlag(cmdFlags)
if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 1
}
key := ""
// Check for arg validation
args = cmdFlags.Args()
switch len(args) {
case 0:
key = ""
case 1:
key = args[0]
default:
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Too many arguments (expected 1, got %d)", len(args)))
return 1
}
// This is just a "nice" thing to do. Since pairs cannot start with a /, but
// users will likely put "/" or "/foo", lets go ahead and strip that for them
// here.
if len(key) > 0 && key[0] == '/' {
key = key[1:]
}
// If the key is empty and we are not doing a recursive delete, this is an
// error.
if key == "" && !*recurse {
c.Ui.Error("Error! Missing KEY argument")
return 1
}
// ModifyIndex is required for CAS
if *cas && *modifyIndex == 0 {
c.Ui.Error("Must specify -modify-index with -cas!")
return 1
}
// Specifying a ModifyIndex for a non-CAS operation is not possible.
if *modifyIndex != 0 && !*cas {
c.Ui.Error("Cannot specify -modify-index without -cas!")
}
// It is not valid to use a CAS and recurse in the same call
if *recurse && *cas {
c.Ui.Error("Cannot specify both -cas and -recurse!")
return 1
}
// Create and test the HTTP client
conf := api.DefaultConfig()
conf.Address = *httpAddr
conf.Token = *token
client, err := api.NewClient(conf)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
wo := &api.WriteOptions{
Datacenter: *datacenter,
}
switch {
case *recurse:
if _, err := client.KV().DeleteTree(key, wo); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Did not delete prefix %s: %s", key, err))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Deleted keys with prefix: %s", key))
return 0
case *cas:
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: key,
ModifyIndex: *modifyIndex,
}
success, _, err := client.KV().DeleteCAS(pair, wo)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Did not delete key %s: %s", key, err))
return 1
}
if !success {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Did not delete key %s: CAS failed", key))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Deleted key: %s", key))
return 0
default:
if _, err := client.KV().Delete(key, wo); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error deleting key %s: %s", key, err))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Deleted key: %s", key))
return 0
}
}
func (c *KVDeleteCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Removes data from the KV store"
}

207
command/kv_delete_test.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
package command
import (
"strconv"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
func TestKVDeleteCommand_implements(t *testing.T) {
var _ cli.Command = &KVDeleteCommand{}
}
func TestKVDeleteCommand_noTabs(t *testing.T) {
assertNoTabs(t, new(KVDeleteCommand))
}
func TestKVDeleteCommand_Validation(t *testing.T) {
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVDeleteCommand{Ui: ui}
cases := map[string]struct {
args []string
output string
}{
"-cas and -recurse": {
[]string{"-cas", "-modify-index", "2", "-recurse", "foo"},
"Cannot specify both",
},
"-cas no -modify-index": {
[]string{"-cas", "foo"},
"Must specify -modify-index",
},
"-modify-index no -cas": {
[]string{"-modify-index", "2", "foo"},
"Cannot specify -modify-index without",
},
"no key": {
[]string{},
"Missing KEY argument",
},
"extra args": {
[]string{"foo", "bar", "baz"},
"Too many arguments",
},
}
for name, tc := range cases {
// Ensure our buffer is always clear
if ui.ErrorWriter != nil {
ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
}
if ui.OutputWriter != nil {
ui.OutputWriter.Reset()
}
code := c.Run(tc.args)
if code == 0 {
t.Errorf("%s: expected non-zero exit", name)
}
output := ui.ErrorWriter.String()
if !strings.Contains(output, tc.output) {
t.Errorf("%s: expected %q to contain %q", name, output, tc.output)
}
}
}
func TestKVDeleteCommand_Run(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVDeleteCommand{Ui: ui}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "foo",
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
pair, _, err = client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
if pair != nil {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", pair)
}
}
func TestKVDeleteCommand_Recurse(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVDeleteCommand{Ui: ui}
keys := []string{"foo/a", "foo/b", "food"}
for _, k := range keys {
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: k,
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-recurse",
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
for _, k := range keys {
pair, _, err := client.KV().Get(k, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
if pair != nil {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", pair)
}
}
}
func TestKVDeleteCommand_CAS(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVDeleteCommand{Ui: ui}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "foo",
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-cas",
"-modify-index", "1",
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code == 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: expected error")
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Reset buffers
ui.OutputWriter.Reset()
ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
args = []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-cas",
"-modify-index", strconv.FormatUint(data.ModifyIndex, 10),
"foo",
}
code = c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err = client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if data != nil {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", data)
}
}

226
command/kv_get.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
package command
import (
"bytes"
"flag"
"fmt"
"io"
"strings"
"text/tabwriter"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
// KVGetCommand is a Command implementation that is used to fetch the value of
// a key from the key-value store.
type KVGetCommand struct {
Ui cli.Ui
}
func (c *KVGetCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: consul kv get [options] [KEY_OR_PREFIX]
Retrieves the value from Consul's key-value store at the given key name. If no
key exists with that name, an error is returned. If a key exists with that
name but has no data, nothing is returned. If the name or prefix is omitted,
it defaults to "" which is the root of the key-value store.
To retrieve the value for the key named "foo" in the key-value store:
$ consul kv get foo
This will return the original, raw value stored in Consul. To view detailed
information about the key, specify the "-detailed" flag. This will output all
known metadata about the key including ModifyIndex and any user-supplied
flags:
$ consul kv get -detailed foo
To treat the path as a prefix and list all keys which start with the given
prefix, specify the "-recurse" flag:
$ consul kv get -recurse foo
This will return all key-vlaue pairs. To just list the keys which start with
the specified prefix, use the "-keys" option instead:
$ consul kv get -keys foo
For a full list of options and examples, please see the Consul documentation.
` + apiOptsText + `
KV Get Options:
-detailed Provide additional metadata about the key in addition
to the value such as the ModifyIndex and any flags
that may have been set on the key. The default value
is false.
-keys List keys which start with the given prefix, but not
their values. This is especially useful if you only
need the key names themselves. This option is commonly
combined with the -separator option. The default value
is false.
-recurse Recursively look at all keys prefixed with the given
path. The default value is false.
-separator=<string> String to use as a separator between keys. The default
value is "/", but this option is only taken into
account when paired with the -keys flag.
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *KVGetCommand) Run(args []string) int {
cmdFlags := flag.NewFlagSet("get", flag.ContinueOnError)
cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) }
datacenter := cmdFlags.String("datacenter", "", "")
token := cmdFlags.String("token", "", "")
stale := cmdFlags.Bool("stale", false, "")
detailed := cmdFlags.Bool("detailed", false, "")
keys := cmdFlags.Bool("keys", false, "")
recurse := cmdFlags.Bool("recurse", false, "")
separator := cmdFlags.String("separator", "/", "")
httpAddr := HTTPAddrFlag(cmdFlags)
if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 1
}
key := ""
// Check for arg validation
args = cmdFlags.Args()
switch len(args) {
case 0:
key = ""
case 1:
key = args[0]
default:
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Too many arguments (expected 1, got %d)", len(args)))
return 1
}
// This is just a "nice" thing to do. Since pairs cannot start with a /, but
// users will likely put "/" or "/foo", lets go ahead and strip that for them
// here.
if len(key) > 0 && key[0] == '/' {
key = key[1:]
}
// If the key is empty and we are not doing a recursive or key-based lookup,
// this is an error.
if key == "" && !(*recurse || *keys) {
c.Ui.Error("Error! Missing KEY argument")
return 1
}
// Create and test the HTTP client
conf := api.DefaultConfig()
conf.Address = *httpAddr
conf.Token = *token
client, err := api.NewClient(conf)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
switch {
case *keys:
keys, _, err := client.KV().Keys(key, *separator, &api.QueryOptions{
Datacenter: *datacenter,
AllowStale: *stale,
})
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error querying Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
for _, k := range keys {
c.Ui.Info(string(k))
}
return 0
case *recurse:
pairs, _, err := client.KV().List(key, &api.QueryOptions{
Datacenter: *datacenter,
AllowStale: *stale,
})
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error querying Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
for i, pair := range pairs {
if *detailed {
var b bytes.Buffer
if err := prettyKVPair(&b, pair); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error rendering KV pair: %s", err))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(b.String())
if i < len(pairs)-1 {
c.Ui.Info("")
}
} else {
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", pair.Key, pair.Value))
}
}
return 0
default:
pair, _, err := client.KV().Get(key, &api.QueryOptions{
Datacenter: *datacenter,
AllowStale: *stale,
})
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error querying Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
if pair == nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! No key exists at: %s", key))
return 1
}
if *detailed {
var b bytes.Buffer
if err := prettyKVPair(&b, pair); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error rendering KV pair: %s", err))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(b.String())
return 0
} else {
c.Ui.Info(string(pair.Value))
return 0
}
}
}
func (c *KVGetCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Retrieves or lists data from the KV store"
}
func prettyKVPair(w io.Writer, pair *api.KVPair) error {
tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(w, 0, 2, 6, ' ', 0)
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "CreateIndex\t%d\n", pair.CreateIndex)
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "Flags\t%d\n", pair.Flags)
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "Key\t%s\n", pair.Key)
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "LockIndex\t%d\n", pair.LockIndex)
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "ModifyIndex\t%d\n", pair.ModifyIndex)
if pair.Session == "" {
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "Session\t-\n")
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "Session\t%s\n", pair.Session)
}
fmt.Fprintf(tw, "Value\t%s", pair.Value)
return tw.Flush()
}

252
command/kv_get_test.go Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
package command
import (
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
func TestKVGetCommand_implements(t *testing.T) {
var _ cli.Command = &KVGetCommand{}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_noTabs(t *testing.T) {
assertNoTabs(t, new(KVGetCommand))
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Validation(t *testing.T) {
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
cases := map[string]struct {
args []string
output string
}{
"no key": {
[]string{},
"Missing KEY argument",
},
"extra args": {
[]string{"foo", "bar", "baz"},
"Too many arguments",
},
}
for name, tc := range cases {
// Ensure our buffer is always clear
if ui.ErrorWriter != nil {
ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
}
if ui.OutputWriter != nil {
ui.OutputWriter.Reset()
}
code := c.Run(tc.args)
if code == 0 {
t.Errorf("%s: expected non-zero exit", name)
}
output := ui.ErrorWriter.String()
if !strings.Contains(output, tc.output) {
t.Errorf("%s: expected %q to contain %q", name, output, tc.output)
}
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Run(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "foo",
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
output := ui.OutputWriter.String()
if !strings.Contains(output, "bar") {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", output)
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Missing(t *testing.T) {
srv, _ := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"not-a-real-key",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code == 0 {
t.Fatalf("expected bad code")
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Empty(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "empty",
Value: []byte(""),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"empty",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Detailed(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "foo",
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
_, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-detailed",
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
output := ui.OutputWriter.String()
for _, key := range []string{
"CreateIndex",
"LockIndex",
"ModifyIndex",
"Flags",
"Session",
"Value",
} {
if !strings.Contains(output, key) {
t.Fatalf("bad %#v, missing %q", output, key)
}
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Keys(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
keys := []string{"foo/bar", "foo/baz", "foo/zip"}
for _, key := range keys {
if _, err := client.KV().Put(&api.KVPair{Key: key}, nil); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-keys",
"foo/",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
output := ui.OutputWriter.String()
for _, key := range keys {
if !strings.Contains(output, key) {
t.Fatalf("bad %#v missing %q", output, key)
}
}
}
func TestKVGetCommand_Recurse(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVGetCommand{Ui: ui}
keys := map[string]string{
"foo/a": "a",
"foo/b": "b",
"foo/c": "c",
}
for k, v := range keys {
pair := &api.KVPair{Key: k, Value: []byte(v)}
if _, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-recurse",
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
output := ui.OutputWriter.String()
for key, value := range keys {
if !strings.Contains(output, key+":"+value) {
t.Fatalf("bad %#v missing %q", output, key)
}
}
}

239
command/kv_put.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
package command
import (
"bytes"
"flag"
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"strings"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
// KVPutCommand is a Command implementation that is used to write data to the
// key-value store.
type KVPutCommand struct {
Ui cli.Ui
// testStdin is the input for testing.
testStdin io.Reader
}
func (c *KVPutCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: consul kv put [options] KEY [DATA]
Writes the data to the given path in the key-value store. The data can be of
any type.
$ consul kv put config/redis/maxconns 5
The data can also be consumed from a file on disk by prefixing with the "@"
symbol. For example:
$ consul kv put config/program/license @license.lic
Or it can be read from stdin using the "-" symbol:
$ echo "abcd1234" | consul kv put config/program/license -
The DATA argument itself is optional. If omitted, this will create an empty
key-value pair at the specified path:
$ consul kv put webapp/beta/active
To perform a Check-And-Set operation, specify the -cas flag with the
appropriate -modify-index flag corresponding to the key you want to perform
the CAS operation on:
$ consul kv put -cas -modify-index=844 config/redis/maxconns 5
Additional flags and more advanced use cases are detailed below.
` + apiOptsText + `
KV Put Options:
-acquire Obtain a lock on the key. If the key does not exist,
this operation will create the key and obtain the
lock. The session must already exist and be specified
via the -session flag. The default value is false.
-cas Perform a Check-And-Set operation. Specifying this
value also requires the -modify-index flag to be set.
The default value is false.
-flags=<int> Unsigned integer value to assign to this key-value
pair. This value is not read by Consul, so clients can
use this value however makes sense for their use case.
The default value is 0 (no flags).
-modify-index=<int> Unsigned integer representing the ModifyIndex of the
key. This is used in combination with the -cas flag.
-release Forfeit the lock on the key at the givne path. This
requires the -session flag to be set. The key must be
held by the session in order to be unlocked. The
default value is false.
-session=<string> User-defined identifer for this session as a string.
This is commonly used with the -acquire and -release
operations to build robust locking, but it can be set
on any key. The default value is empty (no session).
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *KVPutCommand) Run(args []string) int {
cmdFlags := flag.NewFlagSet("get", flag.ContinueOnError)
cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) }
httpAddr := HTTPAddrFlag(cmdFlags)
datacenter := cmdFlags.String("datacenter", "", "")
token := cmdFlags.String("token", "", "")
cas := cmdFlags.Bool("cas", false, "")
flags := cmdFlags.Uint64("flags", 0, "")
modifyIndex := cmdFlags.Uint64("modify-index", 0, "")
session := cmdFlags.String("session", "", "")
acquire := cmdFlags.Bool("acquire", false, "")
release := cmdFlags.Bool("release", false, "")
if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 1
}
// Check for arg validation
args = cmdFlags.Args()
key, data, err := c.dataFromArgs(args)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! %s", err))
return 1
}
// Session is reauired for release or acquire
if (*release || *acquire) && *session == "" {
c.Ui.Error("Error! Missing -session (required with -acquire and -release)")
return 1
}
// ModifyIndex is required for CAS
if *cas && *modifyIndex == 0 {
c.Ui.Error("Must specify -modify-index with -cas!")
return 1
}
// Create and test the HTTP client
conf := api.DefaultConfig()
conf.Address = *httpAddr
conf.Token = *token
client, err := api.NewClient(conf)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err))
return 1
}
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: key,
ModifyIndex: *modifyIndex,
Flags: *flags,
Value: []byte(data),
Session: *session,
}
wo := &api.WriteOptions{
Datacenter: *datacenter,
Token: *token,
}
switch {
case *cas:
ok, _, err := client.KV().CAS(pair, wo)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Did not write to %s: %s", key, err))
return 1
}
if !ok {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Did not write to %s: CAS failed", key))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Data written to: %s", key))
return 0
case *acquire:
ok, _, err := client.KV().Acquire(pair, wo)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Failed writing data: %s", err))
return 1
}
if !ok {
c.Ui.Error("Error! Did not acquire lock")
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Lock acquired on: %s", key))
return 0
case *release:
ok, _, err := client.KV().Release(pair, wo)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Failed writing data: %s", key))
return 1
}
if !ok {
c.Ui.Error("Error! Did not release lock")
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Lock released on: %s", key))
return 0
default:
if _, err := client.KV().Put(pair, wo); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error! Failed writing data: %s", err))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Success! Data written to: %s", key))
return 0
}
}
func (c *KVPutCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Sets or updates data in the KV store"
}
func (c *KVPutCommand) dataFromArgs(args []string) (string, string, error) {
var stdin io.Reader = os.Stdin
if c.testStdin != nil {
stdin = c.testStdin
}
switch len(args) {
case 0:
return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Missing KEY argument")
case 1:
return args[0], "", nil
case 2:
default:
return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Too many arguments (expected 1 or 2, got %d)", len(args))
}
key := args[0]
data := args[1]
switch data[0] {
case '@':
data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(data[1:])
if err != nil {
return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to read file: %s", err)
}
return key, string(data), nil
case '-':
var b bytes.Buffer
if _, err := io.Copy(&b, stdin); err != nil {
return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to read stdin: %s", err)
}
return key, b.String(), nil
default:
return key, data, nil
}
}

284
command/kv_put_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
package command
import (
"bytes"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
func TestKVPutCommand_implements(t *testing.T) {
var _ cli.Command = &KVPutCommand{}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_noTabs(t *testing.T) {
assertNoTabs(t, new(KVPutCommand))
}
func TestKVPutCommand_Validation(t *testing.T) {
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
cases := map[string]struct {
args []string
output string
}{
"-acquire without -session": {
[]string{"-acquire", "foo"},
"Missing -session",
},
"-release without -session": {
[]string{"-release", "foo"},
"Missing -session",
},
"-cas no -modify-index": {
[]string{"-cas", "foo"},
"Must specify -modify-index",
},
"no key": {
[]string{},
"Missing KEY argument",
},
"extra args": {
[]string{"foo", "bar", "baz"},
"Too many arguments",
},
}
for name, tc := range cases {
// Ensure our buffer is always clear
if ui.ErrorWriter != nil {
ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
}
if ui.OutputWriter != nil {
ui.OutputWriter.Reset()
}
code := c.Run(tc.args)
if code == 0 {
t.Errorf("%s: expected non-zero exit", name)
}
output := ui.ErrorWriter.String()
if !strings.Contains(output, tc.output) {
t.Errorf("%s: expected %q to contain %q", name, output, tc.output)
}
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_Run(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"foo", "bar",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if !bytes.Equal(data.Value, []byte("bar")) {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", data.Value)
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_File(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
f, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "kv-put-command-file")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
defer os.Remove(f.Name())
if _, err := f.WriteString("bar"); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"foo", "@" + f.Name(),
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if !bytes.Equal(data.Value, []byte("bar")) {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", data.Value)
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_FileNoExist(t *testing.T) {
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{
"foo", "@/nope/definitely/not-a-real-file.txt",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code == 0 {
t.Fatal("bad: expected error")
}
output := ui.ErrorWriter.String()
if !strings.Contains(output, "Failed to read file") {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", output)
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_Stdin(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
stdinR, stdinW := io.Pipe()
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{
Ui: ui,
testStdin: stdinR,
}
go func() {
stdinW.Write([]byte("bar"))
stdinW.Close()
}()
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"foo", "-",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if !bytes.Equal(data.Value, []byte("bar")) {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", data.Value)
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_Flags(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-flags", "12345",
"foo",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if data.Flags != 12345 {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", data.Flags)
}
}
func TestKVPutCommand_CAS(t *testing.T) {
srv, client := testAgentWithAPIClient(t)
defer srv.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, srv.httpAddr)
// Create the initial pair so it has a ModifyIndex.
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: "foo",
Value: []byte("bar"),
}
if _, err := client.KV().Put(pair, nil); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %#v", err)
}
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &KVPutCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-cas",
"-modify-index", "123",
"foo", "a",
}
code := c.Run(args)
if code == 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: expected error")
}
data, _, err := client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Reset buffers
ui.OutputWriter.Reset()
ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
args = []string{
"-http-addr=" + srv.httpAddr,
"-cas",
"-modify-index", strconv.FormatUint(data.ModifyIndex, 10),
"foo", "a",
}
code = c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
data, _, err = client.KV().Get("foo", nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if !bytes.Equal(data.Value, []byte("a")) {
t.Errorf("bad: %#v", data.Value)
}
}

23
command/util_test.go
View File

@ -2,16 +2,20 @@ package command
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/command/agent"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"math/rand"
"net"
"os"
"strings"
"sync/atomic"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/command/agent"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
var offset uint64
@ -42,6 +46,15 @@ func testAgent(t *testing.T) *agentWrapper {
return testAgentWithConfig(t, func(c *agent.Config) {})
}
func testAgentWithAPIClient(t *testing.T) (*agentWrapper, *api.Client) {
agent := testAgentWithConfig(t, func(c *agent.Config) {})
client, err := api.NewClient(&api.Config{Address: agent.httpAddr})
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("consul client: %#v", err)
}
return agent, client
}
func testAgentWithConfig(t *testing.T, cb func(c *agent.Config)) *agentWrapper {
l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
if err != nil {
@ -126,3 +139,9 @@ func nextConfig() *agent.Config {
return conf
}
func assertNoTabs(t *testing.T, c cli.Command) {
if strings.ContainsRune(c.Help(), '\t') {
t.Errorf("%#v help output contains tabs", c)
}
}

24
commands.go
View File

@ -53,6 +53,30 @@ func init() {
}, nil
},
"kv": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.KVCommand{
Ui: ui,
}, nil
},
"kv delete": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.KVDeleteCommand{
Ui: ui,
}, nil
},
"kv get": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.KVGetCommand{
Ui: ui,
}, nil
},
"kv put": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.KVPutCommand{
Ui: ui,
}, nil
},
"join": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.JoinCommand{
Ui: ui,

2
website/Gemfile
View File

@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
source "https://rubygems.org"
gem "middleman-hashicorp", github: "hashicorp/middleman-hashicorp"
gem "middleman-hashicorp", git: "https://github.com/hashicorp/middleman-hashicorp.git"

6
website/Gemfile.lock
View File

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
GIT
remote: git://github.com/hashicorp/middleman-hashicorp.git
remote: https://github.com/hashicorp/middleman-hashicorp.git
revision: 80ddc227b26cbbb3742d14396f26172174222080
specs:
middleman-hashicorp (0.2.0)
@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ GEM
mime-types-data (~> 3.2015)
mime-types-data (3.2016.0521)
mini_portile2 (2.1.0)
minitest (5.9.0)
minitest (5.9.1)
multi_json (1.12.1)
nokogiri (1.6.8)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.1.0)
@ -191,4 +191,4 @@ DEPENDENCIES
middleman-hashicorp!
BUNDLED WITH
1.11.2
1.13.1

8
website/source/assets/stylesheets/_docs.scss
View File

@ -171,6 +171,14 @@ body.layout-intro{
padding-left: 3%;
padding-bottom: 80px;
.alert {
a {
color: inherit;
font-size: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
}
}
.lead{
margin-bottom: 48px
}

4
website/source/assets/stylesheets/_global.scss
View File

@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ pre {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
tt {
font-size: 18px;
font-family: "Menlo", "Monaco", "Courier New", monospace;
}
//fixed grid below 992 to prevent smaller responsive sizes
@media (max-width: 992px) {

16
website/source/docs/commands/_http_api_options.html.markdown Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
* `-http-addr=<addr>` - Address of the Consul agent with the port. This can be
an IP address or DNS address, but it must include the port. This can also be
specified via the CONSUL_HTTP_ADDR environment variable. The default value is
127.0.0.1:8500.
* `-datacenter=<name>` - Name of the datacenter to query. If unspecified, the
query will default to the datacenter of the Consul agent at the HTTP address.
* `-token=<value>` - ACL token to use in the request. This can also be specified
via the `CONSUL_HTTP_TOKEN` environment variable. If unspecified, the query
will default to the token of the Consul agent at the HTTP address.
* `-stale` - Permit any Consul server (non-leader) to respond to this request.
This allows for lower latency and higher throughput, but can result in stale
data. This option has no effect on non-read operations. The default value is
false.

3
website/source/docs/commands/index.html.markdown
View File

@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ usage: consul [--version] [--help] <command> [<args>]
Available commands are:
agent Runs a Consul agent
configtest Validate config file
event Fire a new event
exec Executes a command on Consul nodes
force-leave Forces a member of the cluster to enter the "left" state
@ -34,8 +35,10 @@ Available commands are:
join Tell Consul agent to join cluster
keygen Generates a new encryption key
keyring Manages gossip layer encryption keys
kv Interact with the key-value store
leave Gracefully leaves the Consul cluster and shuts down
lock Execute a command holding a lock
maint Controls node or service maintenance mode
members Lists the members of a Consul cluster
monitor Stream logs from a Consul agent
operator Provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators

82
website/source/docs/commands/kv.html.markdown Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Commands: KV"
sidebar_current: "docs-commands-kv"
---
# Consul KV
Command: `consul kv`
The `kv` command is used to interact with Consul's key-value store via the
command line. It exposes top-level commands for inserting, updating, reading,
and deleting from the store.
The key-value store is also accessible via the
[HTTP API](docs/agent/http/kv.html).
## Usage
Usage: `consul kv <subcommand>`
For the exact documentation for your Consul version, run `consul kv -h` to view
the complete list of subcommands.
```text
Usage: consul kv <subcommand> [options] [args]
# ...
Subcommands:
delete Removes data from the KV store
get Retrieves or lists data from the KV store
put Sets or updates data in the KV store
```
For more information, examples, and usage about a subcommand, click on the name
of the subcommand in the sidebar or one of the links below:
- [delete](/docs/commands/kv/delete.html)
- [get](/docs/commands/kv/get.html)
- [put](/docs/commands/kv/put.html)
## Basic Examples
To create or update the key named "redis/config/connections" to the value "5" in
Consul's key-value store:
```text
$ consul kv put redis/config/connections 5
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
To read a value back from Consul:
```text
$ consul kv get redis/config/connections
5
```
Or you can query for detailed information:
```text
$ consul kv get -detailed redis/config/connections
CreateIndex 336
Flags 0
Key redis/config/connections
LockIndex 0
ModifyIndex 336
Session -
Value 5
```
Finally, deleting a key is just as easy:
```text
$ consul kv delete redis/config/connections
Success! Data deleted at key: redis/config/connections
```
For more examples, ask for subcommand help or view the subcommand documentation
by clicking on one of the links in the sidebar.

85
website/source/docs/commands/kv/delete.html.markdown.erb Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Commands: KV Delete"
sidebar_current: "docs-commands-kv-delete"
---
# Consul KV Delete
Command: `consul kv delete`
The `kv delete` command removes the value from Consul's key-value store at the
given path. If no key exists at the path, no action is taken.
## Usage
Usage: `consul kv delete [options] KEY_OR_PREFIX`
#### API Options
<%= partial "docs/commands/http_api_options" %>
#### KV Delete Options
* `-cas` - Perform a Check-And-Set operation. Specifying this value also
requires the -modify-index flag to be set. The default value is false.
* `-modify-index=<int>` - Unsigned integer representing the ModifyIndex of the
key. This is used in combination with the -cas flag.
* `-recurse` - Recursively delete all keys with the path. The default value is
false.
## Examples
To remove the value for the key named "redis/config/connections" in the
key-value store:
```
$ consul kv delete redis/config/connections
Success! Deleted key: redis/config/connections
```
If the key does not exist, the command will not error, and a success message
will be returned:
```
$ consul kv delete not-a-real-key
Success! Deleted key: not-a-real-key
```
To only delete a key if it has not been modified since a given index, specify
the `-cas` and `-modify-index` flags:
```
$ consul kv get -detailed redis/config/connections | grep ModifyIndex
ModifyIndex 456
$ consul kv delete -cas -modify-index=123 redis/config/connections
Error! Did not delete key redis/config/connections: CAS failed
$ consul kv delete -cas -modify-index=456 redis/config/connections
Success! Deleted key: redis/config/connections
```
To recursively delete all keys that start with a given prefix, specify the
`-recurse` flag:
```
$ consul kv delete -recurse redis/
Success! Deleted keys with prefix: redis/
```
!> **Trailing slashes are important** in the recursive delete operation, since
Consul performs a greedy match on the provided prefix. If you were to use "foo"
as the key, this would recursively delete any key starting with those letters
such as "foo", "food", and "football" not just "foo". To ensure you are deleting
a folder, always use a trailing slash.
It is not valid to combine the `-cas` option with `-recurse`, since you are
deleting multiple keys under a prefix in a single operation:
```
$ consul kv delete -cas -recurse redis/
Cannot specify both -cas and -recurse!
```

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---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Commands: KV Get"
sidebar_current: "docs-commands-kv-get"
---
# Consul KV Get
Command: `consul kv get`
The `kv get` command is used to retrieve the value from Consul's key-value
store at the given key name. If no key exists with that name, an error is
returned. If a key exists with that name but has no data, nothing is returned.
If the name or prefix is omitted, it defaults to "" which is the root of the
key-value store.
## Usage
Usage: `consul kv get [options] [KEY_OR_PREFIX]`
#### API Options
<%= partial "docs/commands/http_api_options" %>
#### KV Get Options
* `-detailed` - Provide additional metadata about the key in addition to the
value such as the ModifyIndex and any flags that may have been set on the key.
The default value is false.
* `-keys` - List keys which start with the given prefix, but not their values.
This is especially useful if you only need the key names themselves. This
option is commonly combined with the -separator option. The default value is
false.
* `-recurse` - Recursively look at all keys prefixed with the given path. The
default value is false.
* `-separator=<string>` - String to use as a separator between keys. The default
value is "/", but this option is only taken into account when paired with the
-keys flag.
## Examples
To retrieve the value for the key named "redis/config/connections" in the
key-value store:
```
$ consul kv get redis/config/connections
5
```
This will return the original, raw value stored in Consul. To view detailed
information about the key, specify the "-detailed" flag. This will output all
known metadata about the key including ModifyIndex and any user-supplied
flags:
```
$ consul kv get -detailed redis/config/connections
CreateIndex 336
Flags 0
Key redis/config/connections
LockIndex 0
ModifyIndex 336
Session -
Value 5
```
If the key with the given name does not exist, an error is returned:
```
$ consul kv get not-a-real-key
Error! No key exists at: not-a-real-key
```
To treat the path as a prefix and list all keys which start with the given
prefix, specify the "-recurse" flag:
```
$ consul kv get -recurse redis/
redis/config/connections:5
redis/config/cpu:128
redis/config/memory:512
```
Or list detailed information about all pairs under a prefix:
```
$ consul kv get -recurse -detailed redis
CreateIndex 336
Flags 0
Key redis/config/connections
LockIndex 0
ModifyIndex 336
Session -
Value 5
CreateIndex 472
Flags 0
Key redis/config/cpu
LockIndex 0
ModifyIndex 472
Session -
Value 128
CreateIndex 471
Flags 0
Key redis/config/memory
LockIndex 0
ModifyIndex 471
Session -
Value 512
```
To just list the keys which start with the specified prefix, use the "-keys"
option instead. This is more performant and results in a smaller payload:
```
$ consul kv get -keys redis/config/
redis/config/connections
redis/config/cpu
redis/config/memory
```
By default, the `-keys` operation uses a separator of "/", meaning it will not
recurse beyond that separator. You can choose a different separator by setting
`-separator="<string>"`.
```
$ consul kv get -keys -separator="s" redis
redis/c
```
Alternatively, you can disable the separator altogether by setting it to the
empty string:
```
$ consul kv get -keys -separator="" redis
redis/config/connections
redis/config/cpu
redis/config/memory
```
To list all keys at the root, simply omit the prefix parameter:
```
$ consul kv get -keys
memcached/
redis/
```

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---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Commands: KV Put"
sidebar_current: "docs-commands-kv-put"
---
# Consul KV Put
Command: `consul kv put`
The `kv put` command writes the data to the given path in the key-value store.
## Usage
Usage: `consul kv put [options] KEY [DATA]`
#### API Options
<%= partial "docs/commands/http_api_options" %>
#### KV Put Options
* `-acquire` - Obtain a lock on the key. If the key does not exist, this
operation will create the key and obtain the lock. The session must already
exist and be specified via the -session flag. The default value is false.
* `-cas` - Perform a Check-And-Set operation. Specifying this value also
requires the -modify-index flag to be set. The default value is false.
* `-flags=<int>` - Unsigned integer value to assign to this key-value pair. This
value is not read by Consul, so clients can use this value however makes sense
for their use case. The default value is 0 (no flags).
* `-modify-index=<int>` - Unsigned integer representing the ModifyIndex of the
key. This is used in combination with the -cas flag.
* `-release` - Forfeit the lock on the key at the givne path. This requires the
-session flag to be set. The key must be held by the session in order to be
unlocked. The default value is false.
* `-session=<string>` - User-defined identifer for this session as a string.
This is commonly used with the -acquire and -release operations to build
robust locking, but it can be set on any key. The default value is empty (no
session).
## Examples
To insert a value of "5" for the key named "redis/config/connections" in the
key-value store:
```
$ consul kv put redis/config/connections 5
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
If no data is specified, the key will be created with empty data:
```
$ consul kv put redis/config/connections
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
!> **Be careful when overwriting data!** The above operation would overwrite
the value at the key to the empty value.
For longer or sensitive values, it is possible to read from a file by prefixing
with the `@` symbol:
```
$ consul kv put redis/config/password @password.txt
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
Or read values from stdin by specifying the `-` symbol:
```
$ echo "5" | consul kv put redis/config/password -
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
$ consul kv put redis/config/password -
5
<CTRL+D>
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
~> For secret and sensitive values, you should consider using a secret
management solution like **[HashiCorp's Vault](https://www.vaultproject.io/)**.
While it is possible to secure values in Consul's KV store, Vault provides a
more robust interface for secret management.
To only update a key if it has not been modified since a given index, specify
the `-cas` and `-modify-index` flags:
```
$ consul kv get -detailed redis/config/connections | grep ModifyIndex
ModifyIndex 456
$ consul kv put -cas -modify-index=123 redis/config/connections 10
Error! Did not write to redis/config/connections: CAS failed
$ consul kv put -cas -modify-index=456 redis/config/connections 10
Success! Data written to: redis/config/connections
```
To specify flags on the key, use the `-flags` option. These flags are completely
controlled by the user:
```
$ consul kv put -flags=42 redis/config/password s3cr3t
Success! Data written to: redis/config/password
```
To create or tune a lock, use the `-acquire` and `-session` flags. Note that the session must already exist (this command will not create it or manage it):
```
$ consul kv put -acquire -session=abc123 redis/lock/update
Success! Lock acquired on: redis/lock/update
```
When you are finished, release the lock:
```
$ consul kv put -release -session=acb123 redis/lock/update
Success! Lock released on: redis/lock/update
```
~> **Warning!** If you are trying to build a locking mechanism with these
low-level primitives, you may want to look at the [<tt>consul
lock</tt>](/docs/commands/lock.html) command. It provides higher-level
functionality without exposing the internal APIs of Consul.

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<a href="/docs/commands/keyring.html">keyring</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-kv") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/kv.html">kv</a>
<ul class="subnav">
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-kv-delete") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/kv/delete.html">delete</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-kv-get") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/kv/get.html">get</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-kv-put") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/kv/put.html">put</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-leave") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/leave.html">leave</a></li>