From fc748cce51b8496141c87549cd69b1cba0bc1bc6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 11 Jul 2017 15:58:46 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 01/23] Add template for EIP #649 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 43 insertions(+) create mode 100644 EIPS/eip-649.md diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3ab78321 --- /dev/null +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +This is the suggested template for new EIPs. + +Note that an EIP number will be assigned by an editor. When opening a pull request to submit your EIP, please use an abbreviated title in the filename, `eip-draft_title_abbrev.md`. + +## Preamble + + EIP: + Title: + Author: + Type: + Category (*only required for Standard Track): + Status: Draft + Created: + Requires (*optional): + Replaces (*optional): + + +## Simple Summary +"If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough." Provide a simplified and layman-accessible explanation of the EIP. + +## Abstract +A short (~200 word) description of the technical issue being addressed. + +## Motivation +The motivation is critical for EIPs that want to change the Ethereum protocol. It should clearly explain why the existing protocol specification is inadequate to address the problem that the EIP solves. EIP submissions without sufficient motivation may be rejected outright. + +## Specification +The technical specification should describe the syntax and semantics of any new feature. The specification should be detailed enough to allow competing, interoperable implementations for any of the current Ethereum platforms (cpp-ethereum, go-ethereum, parity, ethereumj, ethereumjs, ...). + +## Rationale +The rationale fleshes out the specification by describing what motivated the design and why particular design decisions were made. It should describe alternate designs that were considered and related work, e.g. how the feature is supported in other languages. The rationale may also provide evidence of consensus within the community, and should discuss important objections or concerns raised during discussion. + +## Backwards Compatibility +All EIPs that introduce backwards incompatibilities must include a section describing these incompatibilities and their severity. The EIP must explain how the author proposes to deal with these incompatibilities. EIP submissions without a sufficient backwards compatibility treatise may be rejected outright. + +## Test Cases +Test cases for an implementation are mandatory for EIPs that are affecting consensus changes. Other EIPs can choose to include links to test cases if applicable. + +## Implementation +The implementations must be completed before any EIP is given status "Final", but it need not be completed before the EIP is accepted. While there is merit to the approach of reaching consensus on the specification and rationale before writing code, the principle of "rough consensus and running code" is still useful when it comes to resolving many discussions of API details. + +## Copyright +Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). From 6aa9951f247cec4c28cbfb13b6d736c6bf0d1f9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 11 Jul 2017 16:24:50 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 02/23] Update EIP #649 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 39 ++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 3ab78321..3499d19d 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -1,43 +1,40 @@ -This is the suggested template for new EIPs. - -Note that an EIP number will be assigned by an editor. When opening a pull request to submit your EIP, please use an abbreviated title in the filename, `eip-draft_title_abbrev.md`. - ## Preamble - EIP: - Title: - Author: - Type: - Category (*only required for Standard Track): + EIP: 649 ? 669 + Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay + Authors: Afri Schoedon (Champion), Vitalik Buterin (Specification) + Type: Standard Track + Category: Core Status: Draft - Created: - Requires (*optional): - Replaces (*optional): - + Created: 2017-06-21 ## Simple Summary -"If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough." Provide a simplified and layman-accessible explanation of the EIP. +The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year. ## Abstract -A short (~200 word) description of the technical issue being addressed. +After `METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will simply calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. ## Motivation -The motivation is critical for EIPs that want to change the Ethereum protocol. It should clearly explain why the existing protocol specification is inadequate to address the problem that the EIP solves. EIP submissions without sufficient motivation may be rejected outright. +The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Work should be feasible for miners and create new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another 1.4 years. ## Specification -The technical specification should describe the syntax and semantics of any new feature. The specification should be detailed enough to allow competing, interoperable implementations for any of the current Ethereum platforms (cpp-ethereum, go-ethereum, parity, ethereumj, ethereumjs, ...). +For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, we simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: + + fake_block_number = block.number - 3000000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number ## Rationale -The rationale fleshes out the specification by describing what motivated the design and why particular design decisions were made. It should describe alternate designs that were considered and related work, e.g. how the feature is supported in other languages. The rationale may also provide evidence of consensus within the community, and should discuss important objections or concerns raised during discussion. +This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so we would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was that we add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. That would lead to similar results. + +This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). ## Backwards Compatibility -All EIPs that introduce backwards incompatibilities must include a section describing these incompatibilities and their severity. The EIP must explain how the author proposes to deal with these incompatibilities. EIP submissions without a sufficient backwards compatibility treatise may be rejected outright. +This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the Metropolis fork. ## Test Cases -Test cases for an implementation are mandatory for EIPs that are affecting consensus changes. Other EIPs can choose to include links to test cases if applicable. +No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified above. ## Implementation -The implementations must be completed before any EIP is given status "Final", but it need not be completed before the EIP is accepted. While there is merit to the approach of reaching consensus on the specification and rationale before writing code, the principle of "rough consensus and running code" is still useful when it comes to resolving many discussions of API details. +None existing client implementation exists yet. ## Copyright Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). From 33fc59db74ef6dd8c0e6da51c14021a3bad593f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 11 Jul 2017 16:26:54 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 03/23] EIP Number for #649 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 3499d19d..70dd2e66 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ ## Preamble - EIP: 649 ? 669 + EIP: 649 Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay Authors: Afri Schoedon (Champion), Vitalik Buterin (Specification) Type: Standard Track From 0b1284370277e77674736efb4e26c2d3b953edf6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2017 10:21:58 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 04/23] Replace #186 with eip-649 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 23 +++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 70dd2e66..aa231aaa 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -1,34 +1,45 @@ ## Preamble EIP: 649 - Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay + Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction Authors: Afri Schoedon (Champion), Vitalik Buterin (Specification) Type: Standard Track Category: Core Status: Draft Created: 2017-06-21 + Replaces: 186 ## Simple Summary -The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year. +The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Metropolis fork. ## Abstract -After `METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will simply calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. +After `METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, to add an issuance reduction, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, and uncle rewards will be adjusted accordingly. ## Motivation -The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Work should be feasible for miners and create new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another 1.4 years. +The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Work should be feasible for miners and create new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another 1.4 years. The incentive to continue mining the Proof-of-Work chain after a potential move to Proof-of-Stake is reduced by adjusting block rewards. ## Specification +#### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, we simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: - fake_block_number = block.number - 3000000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number + fake_block_number = block.number - 3_000_000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number + +#### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards +To add an issuance reduction, we adjust the block reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` to `new_block_reward`, where `new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000`. This is 3E18 wei, or 3,000,000,000,000,000,000 wei, or 3 ETH for the `new_block_reward`. + +If an uncle is included in a block for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` such that `block.number - uncle.number = k`, the uncle reward is `(8 - k) * new_block_reward / 8`. This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for uncle rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. + +The nephew reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` is `new_block_reward / 32`. This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. ## Rationale This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so we would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was that we add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. That would lead to similar results. This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). +It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#). + ## Backwards Compatibility -This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the Metropolis fork. +This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the Metropolis fork. ## Test Cases No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified above. From 5fd71ef0dedb602b59f529a6df128f53db372641 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2017 10:31:41 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 05/23] Wording and formatting. --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 22 +++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index aa231aaa..ddcb07f5 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -20,19 +20,31 @@ The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Wor ## Specification #### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number -For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, we simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: +For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: fake_block_number = block.number - 3_000_000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number #### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards -To add an issuance reduction, we adjust the block reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` to `new_block_reward`, where `new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000`. This is 3E18 wei, or 3,000,000,000,000,000,000 wei, or 3 ETH for the `new_block_reward`. +To add an issuance reduction, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where -If an uncle is included in a block for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` such that `block.number - uncle.number = k`, the uncle reward is `(8 - k) * new_block_reward / 8`. This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for uncle rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. + new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.reward -The nephew reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` is `new_block_reward / 32`. This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. +(3E18 wei, or 3,000,000,000,000,000,000 wei, or 3 ETH). + +Analogue, if an uncle is included in a block for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` such that `block.number - uncle.number = k`, the uncle reward is + + new_uncle_reward = (8 - k) * new_block_reward / 8 + +This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for uncle rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. + +The nephew reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` is + + new_nephew_reward = new_block_reward / 32 + +This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. ## Rationale -This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so we would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was that we add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. That would lead to similar results. +This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so the chain would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was to add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. That would lead to similar results. This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). From ee262a30eb033ad1241bc8a56bc4b84fbb752ffa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2017 10:38:01 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 06/23] Consider 649 instead of #186. --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index f2e38c99..ff2f8ec2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP # EIPs under consideration | Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | | ------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------| ----------| -| [186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) | Reduce ETH issuance before proof-of-stake | Matthew Light | Core | Draft | +| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Afri Schoedon | Core | Draft | # Accepted EIPs (planned for adoption) From 9c29817d9135afc91f55d710f48d4a679da63adb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2017 10:45:51 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 07/23] Fix EIP link --- README.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index ff2f8ec2..afc5f8e2 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP # EIPs under consideration | Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | | ------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------| ----------| -| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Afri Schoedon | Core | Draft | +| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Draft | # Accepted EIPs (planned for adoption) From b48d836412c442703bd3ecd31f449bf80b99a40f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 15 Aug 2017 11:43:01 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 08/23] Use the byzantium fork block number. --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index ddcb07f5..ff28747d 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ Replaces: 186 ## Simple Summary -The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Metropolis fork. +The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Byzantium fork (the first part of the Metropolis fork). ## Abstract -After `METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, to add an issuance reduction, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, and uncle rewards will be adjusted accordingly. +After `BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, to add an issuance reduction, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, and uncle rewards will be adjusted accordingly. ## Motivation The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Work should be feasible for miners and create new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another 1.4 years. The incentive to continue mining the Proof-of-Work chain after a potential move to Proof-of-Stake is reduced by adjusting block rewards. @@ -22,22 +22,22 @@ The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Wor #### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: - fake_block_number = block.number - 3_000_000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number + fake_block_number = block.number - 3_000_000 if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number #### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards To add an issuance reduction, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where - new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000 if block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM else block.reward + new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000 if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.reward (3E18 wei, or 3,000,000,000,000,000,000 wei, or 3 ETH). -Analogue, if an uncle is included in a block for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` such that `block.number - uncle.number = k`, the uncle reward is +Analogue, if an uncle is included in a block for `block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` such that `block.number - uncle.number = k`, the uncle reward is new_uncle_reward = (8 - k) * new_block_reward / 8 This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for uncle rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. -The nephew reward for `block.number >= METROPOLIS_FORK_BLKNUM` is +The nephew reward for `block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` is new_nephew_reward = new_block_reward / 32 @@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so the chain wou This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). -It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#). +It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). ## Backwards Compatibility -This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the Metropolis fork. +This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the first of the two Metropolis hard-forks, the _Byzantium_ fork. ## Test Cases No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified above. From a37720f35f0b88f930a61008cb51a24db06c140b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Tue, 15 Aug 2017 11:44:08 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 09/23] Move eip-649 to accepted as per CDM-22 --- README.md | 7 +------ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index afc5f8e2..010fbb66 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -10,12 +10,6 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP * **Final** - an EIP that has been adopted in a previous hard fork (for Core/Consensus layer EIPs). * **Deferred** - an EIP that is not being considered for immediate adoption. May be reconsidered in the future for a subsequent hard fork. -# EIPs under consideration -| Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | -| ------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------| ----------| -| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Draft | - - # Accepted EIPs (planned for adoption) | Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | | ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------| ----------| @@ -29,6 +23,7 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP | [198](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/198) | Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Accepted | | [211](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/211) | New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY | Christian Reitwiessner| Core | Accepted | | [214](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/214) | New opcode STATICCALL | Buterin, Reitwiessner | Core | Accepted | +| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Draft | # Finalized EIPs (standards that have been adopted) From e9f741ab1f2ab643f1c3323c456f119585a58ff8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2017 09:54:18 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 10/23] Clarify motivation behind block reward structure, ref #186 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 14 ++++++-------- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index ff28747d..89beaa0d 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ EIP: 649 Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction - Authors: Afri Schoedon (Champion), Vitalik Buterin (Specification) + Authors: Afri Schoedon, Vitalik Buterin Type: Standard Track Category: Core Status: Draft @@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ Replaces: 186 ## Simple Summary -The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also as known as the "ice age") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Byzantium fork (the first part of the Metropolis fork). +The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also known as the "_ice age_") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Byzantium fork, the first part of the Metropolis fork. ## Abstract -After `BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, to add an issuance reduction, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, and uncle rewards will be adjusted accordingly. +After `BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, uncle and nephew rewards will be adjusted accordingly. ## Motivation -The Casper development and switch to Proof-of-Stake is delayed, the Proof-of-Work should be feasible for miners and create new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another 1.4 years. The incentive to continue mining the Proof-of-Work chain after a potential move to Proof-of-Stake is reduced by adjusting block rewards. +The Casper development and switch to proof-of-stake is delayed, the Ethash proof-of-work should be feasible for miners and allow sealing new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another one and a half years. With the delay of the ice age, there is a desire to not suddenly also increase miner rewards. The difficulty bomb has been known about for a long time and now it's going to stop from happening. In order to maintain stability of the system, a block reward reduction that offsets the ice age delay would leave the system in the same general state as before. Reducing the reward also decreases the likelihood of a miner driven chain split as Ethereum approaches proof-of-stake. ## Specification #### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number @@ -44,11 +44,9 @@ The nephew reward for `block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` is This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted with `new_block_reward`. ## Rationale -This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds ~= 1.4 years, so the chain would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was to add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. That would lead to similar results. +This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds (approximately 1.4 years), so the chain would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was to add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. This would lead to similar results. -This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). - -It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). +This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). ## Backwards Compatibility This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the first of the two Metropolis hard-forks, the _Byzantium_ fork. From cab7b1f09587098cd715f42f60379bbe8314224a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 18 Aug 2017 11:23:42 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 11/23] Ensure fake block number is not negative --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 89beaa0d..d4022e4b 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The Casper development and switch to proof-of-stake is delayed, the Ethash proof #### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: - fake_block_number = block.number - 3_000_000 if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number + fake_block_number = min(0, block.number - 3_000_000) if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number #### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards To add an issuance reduction, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where From 7a946e08b68f54d54ff1311ac742c73985db3b82 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 25 Aug 2017 09:25:59 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 12/23] Avoid negative block numbers, ref #649. --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index d4022e4b..8635e79a 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The Casper development and switch to proof-of-stake is delayed, the Ethash proof #### Relax Difficulty with Fake Block Number For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, simply replace the use of `block.number`, as used in the exponential ice age component, with the formula: - fake_block_number = min(0, block.number - 3_000_000) if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number + fake_block_number = max(0, block.number - 3_000_000) if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number #### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards To add an issuance reduction, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where From 3eaf90c5379d309f643e20a11ffc441b96c0b185 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 26 Aug 2017 11:23:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 13/23] Add EIP #649 to Byzantium Meta EIP #609 --- EIPS/eip-609.md | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-609.md b/EIPS/eip-609.md index 66e6cb34..e402763a 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-609.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-609.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Category: Core Status: Draft Created: 2017-04-23 - Requires: 100, 140, 196, 197, 198, 211, 214 + Requires: 100, 140, 196, 197, 198, 211, 214, 649, 658 ## Abstract @@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ This specifies the changes included in the hard fork named Byzantium. - EIP 198 (Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation) - EIP 211 (New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY) - EIP 214 (New opcode STATICCALL) + - EIP 649 (Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction) - EIP 658 (Embedding transaction return data in receipts) ## Copyright From ce61f00926e2d19f38930d8b3b657964a34956e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 26 Aug 2017 11:28:01 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 14/23] Change EIP #649 status to accepted, ref #688 --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 8635e79a..e36bbfe6 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Authors: Afri Schoedon, Vitalik Buterin Type: Standard Track Category: Core - Status: Draft + Status: Accepted Created: 2017-06-21 Replaces: 186 From c82890ed92b35d83df0610841b19b15e865da545 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 8 Sep 2017 09:18:04 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 15/23] Improve wording for exact block number targeted, ref #649. --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 8635e79a..6838c10f 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The average block times are increasing due to the difficulty bomb (also known as the "_ice age_") slowly accelerating. This EIP proposes to delay the difficulty bomb for approximately one and a half year and to reduce the block rewards with the Byzantium fork, the first part of the Metropolis fork. ## Abstract -After `BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, uncle and nephew rewards will be adjusted accordingly. +Starting with `BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM` the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting around 3 million blocks later than previously specified with the Homestead fork. Furthermore, block rewards will be adjusted to a base of 3 ETH, uncle and nephew rewards will be adjusted accordingly. ## Motivation The Casper development and switch to proof-of-stake is delayed, the Ethash proof-of-work should be feasible for miners and allow sealing new blocks every 15 seconds on average for another one and a half years. With the delay of the ice age, there is a desire to not suddenly also increase miner rewards. The difficulty bomb has been known about for a long time and now it's going to stop from happening. In order to maintain stability of the system, a block reward reduction that offsets the ice age delay would leave the system in the same general state as before. Reducing the reward also decreases the likelihood of a miner driven chain split as Ethereum approaches proof-of-stake. From 03deb55b0f19d7cea0c6668436796966dadae978 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 8 Sep 2017 10:55:37 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 16/23] Update existing implementations --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 5 ++++- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index b55c6f84..801baa26 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -55,7 +55,10 @@ This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified above. ## Implementation -None existing client implementation exists yet. +The following clients implemented EIP-649: + +- Geth [#15028](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/15028) +- EthereumJ [#927](https://github.com/ethereum/ethereumj/pull/927) ## Copyright Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). From 5cd738143b4347595e03f414166e6b9a22fc0126 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 8 Sep 2017 14:53:41 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 17/23] Improve title to make sure the issuance is not reduced, ref #186 --- EIPS/eip-609.md | 2 +- EIPS/eip-649.md | 6 +++--- README.md | 2 +- 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-609.md b/EIPS/eip-609.md index e402763a..714a5bde 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-609.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-609.md @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ This specifies the changes included in the hard fork named Byzantium. - EIP 198 (Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation) - EIP 211 (New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY) - EIP 214 (New opcode STATICCALL) - - EIP 649 (Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction) + - EIP 649 (Difficulty Bomb Delay and Block Reward Reduction) - EIP 658 (Embedding transaction return data in receipts) ## Copyright diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 801baa26..b40e8502 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ## Preamble EIP: 649 - Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction + Title: Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Block Reward Reduction Authors: Afri Schoedon, Vitalik Buterin Type: Standard Track Category: Core @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ For the purposes of `calc_difficulty`, simply replace the use of `block.number`, fake_block_number = max(0, block.number - 3_000_000) if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.number #### Adjust Block, Uncle, and Nephew rewards -To add an issuance reduction, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where +To ensure a constant Ether issuance, adjust the block reward to `new_block_reward`, where new_block_reward = 3_000_000_000_000_000_000 if block.number >= BYZANTIUM_FORK_BLKNUM else block.reward @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted ## Rationale This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds (approximately 1.4 years), so the chain would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was to add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. This would lead to similar results. -This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the issuance reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). +This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the block reward reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). ## Backwards Compatibility This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the first of the two Metropolis hard-forks, the _Byzantium_ fork. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 0949e49c..46f4abd1 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP | [198](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/198) | Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Accepted | | [211](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/211) | New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY | Christian Reitwiessner| Core | Accepted | | [214](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/214) | New opcode STATICCALL | Buterin, Reitwiessner | Core | Accepted | -| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Issuance Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Accepted | +| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Block Reward Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Accepted | | [658](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/658) | Embedding transaction return data in receipts | Nick Johnson | Core | Accepted | # Deferred EIPs (adoption postponed) From 619b19cb85e42d6e18c2e0030c69d47765906e5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 11 Sep 2017 09:55:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 18/23] Add yellow paper and parity implementations. --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 3 +++ 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index b40e8502..8143e16a 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -58,7 +58,10 @@ No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified The following clients implemented EIP-649: - Geth [#15028](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/15028) +- Parity [#5855](https://github.com/paritytech/parity/pull/5855) - EthereumJ [#927](https://github.com/ethereum/ethereumj/pull/927) +The Yellow Paper implements EIP-649 in [#333](https://github.com/ethereum/yellowpaper/pull/333). + ## Copyright Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). From b587225416564c2e65d970acc52806d2d4eff3d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 4 Nov 2017 08:29:50 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 19/23] Change status to Final --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 8143e16a..b4e72a0e 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Authors: Afri Schoedon, Vitalik Buterin Type: Standard Track Category: Core - Status: Accepted + Status: Final Created: 2017-06-21 Replaces: 186 From d46dd25cf088aebb9ae202a5f4cb726d2f8a60e8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 4 Nov 2017 08:38:32 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 20/23] Add other notable implementations --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 7 +++++++ 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index b4e72a0e..ebdc9969 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -60,8 +60,15 @@ The following clients implemented EIP-649: - Geth [#15028](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/15028) - Parity [#5855](https://github.com/paritytech/parity/pull/5855) - EthereumJ [#927](https://github.com/ethereum/ethereumj/pull/927) +- Cpp-Ethereum [#4050](https://github.com/ethereum/cpp-ethereum/issues/4050) +- PyEthereum [#383](https://github.com/ethereum/pyethereum/pull/383) The Yellow Paper implements EIP-649 in [#333](https://github.com/ethereum/yellowpaper/pull/333). +Other notable implementations: + +- Eth-Isabelle [#459](https://github.com/pirapira/eth-isabelle/issues/459) +- Py-EVM [#123](https://github.com/pipermerriam/py-evm/pull/123) + ## Copyright Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). From 6a7aa9ffd768e2e3f6a33406e673731408415a8a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 4 Nov 2017 08:39:19 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 21/23] Add tests --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index ebdc9969..8cf88964 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the first of the two Metropolis hard-forks, the _Byzantium_ fork. ## Test Cases -No test cases exist yet. But will be easy to set up based on the rules specified above. +Test cases exist in ethereum/tests [#269](https://github.com/ethereum/tests/pull/269). ## Implementation The following clients implemented EIP-649: From c5b49c6af7fe7a54afd53aae024c7e8ad7e7273c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 4 Nov 2017 08:43:56 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 22/23] Add missing core dev meeting links --- EIPS/eip-649.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/EIPS/eip-649.md b/EIPS/eip-649.md index 8cf88964..e2adda47 100644 --- a/EIPS/eip-649.md +++ b/EIPS/eip-649.md @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ This is the existing pre-Metropolis formula for nephew rewards, simply adjusted ## Rationale This will delay the ice age by 42 million seconds (approximately 1.4 years), so the chain would be back at 30 second block times at the end of 2018. An alternate proposal was to add special rules to the difficulty calculation to effectively _pause_ the difficulty between different blocks. This would lead to similar results. -This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the block reward reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](#) and [#21](#); accepted in [#22](#). +This was previously discussed at All Core Devs Meeting [#09](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%209.md#metropolis-timing-and-roadmap-discussion), [#12](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2012.md#5-metropolis-update), [#13](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2013.md#3-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-hudson), and [#14](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2014.md#1-eip-186-reduce-eth-issuance-before-proof-of-stake-core-devs). Consensus on the specification was achieved in All Core Devs Meeting [#19](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2019.md) and specification drafted in EIP issue [#649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/649). It was decided to replace EIP [#186](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/186) and include the block reward reduction along with the difficulty bomb delay in All Core Devs Meeting [#20](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2020.md) and [#21](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2021.md); accepted in [#22](https://github.com/ethereum/pm/blob/master/All%20Core%20Devs%20Meetings/Meeting%2022.md). ## Backwards Compatibility This EIP is not forward compatible and introduces backwards incompatibilities in the difficulty calculation, as well as the block, uncle and nephew reward structure. Therefore, it should be included in a scheduled hardfork at a certain block number. It's suggested to include this EIP in the first of the two Metropolis hard-forks, the _Byzantium_ fork. From 0ea86f8583d2a195b7861609e321d5a0da8c35c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: 5chdn <5chdn@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 18 Nov 2017 11:26:09 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 23/23] Clean up formatting of README.md --- README.md | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index a58cb15a..9a8119fb 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -11,42 +11,42 @@ First review [EIP-1](EIPS/eip-1.md). Then clone the repository and add your EIP * **Deferred** - an EIP that is not being considered for immediate adoption. May be reconsidered in the future for a subsequent hard fork. # Deferred EIPs (adoption postponed until the Constantinople Metropolis hard fork) -| Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | -| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------| ----------| -| [86](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/208) | Abstraction of transaction origin and signature | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Deferred | -| [96](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/210) | Blockhash refactoring | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Deferred | -| [145](EIPS/eip-145.md) | Bitwise shifting instructions in EVM | Alex Beregszaszi, Paweł Bylica | Core | Deferred | +| Number | Title | Author | Layer | Status | +| -------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ---------- | -------- | +| [86](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/208) | Abstraction of transaction origin and signature | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Deferred | +| [96](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/210) | Blockhash refactoring | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Deferred | +| [145](EIPS/eip-145.md) | Bitwise shifting instructions in EVM | Alex Beregszaszi, Paweł Bylica | Core | Deferred | # Finalized EIPs (standards that have been adopted) -| Number |Title | Author | Layer | Status | -| ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------| ------------| --------| -| [2](EIPS/eip-2.md) | Homestead Hard-fork Changes | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [6](EIPS/eip-6.md) | Renaming Suicide Opcode | Hudson Jameson | Interface | Final | -| [7](EIPS/eip-7.md) | DELEGATECALL | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [8](EIPS/eip-8.md) | devp2p Forward Compatibility Requirements for Homestead | Felix Lange | Networking | Final | -| [20](EIPS/eip-20-token-standard.md) | ERC-20 Token Standard | Fabian Vogelsteller, Vitalik Buterin | ERC | Final | -| [55](EIPS/eip-55.md) | ERC-55 Mixed-case checksum address encoding | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [100](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/100) | Change difficulty adjustment to target mean block time including uncles | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [137](EIPS/eip-137.md) | Ethereum Domain Name Service - Specification | Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | -| [140](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/206) | REVERT instruction in the Ethereum Virtual Machine | Beregszaszi, Mushegian| Core | Final | -| [141](EIPS/eip-141.md) | Designated invalid EVM instruction | Alex Beregszaszi| Core | Final | -| [150](EIPS/eip-150.md) | Gas cost changes for IO-heavy operations | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [155](EIPS/eip-155.md) | Simple replay attack protection | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [160](EIPS/eip-160.md) | EXP cost increase | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [161](EIPS/eip-161.md) | State trie clearing (invariant-preserving alternative) | Gavin Wood | Core | Final | -| [162](EIPS/eip-162.md) | ERC-162 ENS support for reverse resolution of Ethereum addresses | Maurelian, Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | -| [170](EIPS/eip-170.md) | Contract code size limit | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [181](EIPS/eip-181.md) | ERC-181 ENS support for reverse resolution of Ethereum addresses | Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | -| [190](EIPS/eip-190.md) | ERC-190 Ethereum Smart Contract Packaging Standard | Piper Merriam, Tim Coulter, Denis Erfurt (mhhf), RJ Catalano (VoR0220), Iuri Matias (iurimatias) | ERC | Final | -| [196](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/213) | Precompiled contracts for addition and scalar multiplication on the elliptic curve alt_bn128 | Reitwiessner | Core | Final | -| [197](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/212) | Precompiled contracts for optimal Ate pairing check on the elliptic curve alt_bn128 | Buterin, Reitwiessner | Core | Final | -| [198](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/198) | Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | -| [211](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/211) | New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY | Christian Reitwiessner| Core | Final | -| [214](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/214) | New opcode STATICCALL | Buterin, Reitwiessner | Core | Final | -| [606](EIPS/eip-606.md) | Hardfork Meta: Homestead | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | -| [607](EIPS/eip-607.md) | Hardfork Meta: Spurious Dragon | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | -| [608](EIPS/eip-608.md) | Hardfork Meta: Tangerine Whistle | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | -| [609](EIPS/eip-609.md) | Hardfork Meta: Byzantium | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | -| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Block Reward Reduction | Schoedon, Buterin | Core | Final | -| [658](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/658) | Embedding transaction return data in receipts | Nick Johnson | Core | Final | -| [706](EIPS/eip-706.md) | DEVp2p snappy compression | Péter Szilágyi | Networking | Final | +| Number | Title | Author | Layer | Status | +| -------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------| ---------- | -------- | +| [2](EIPS/eip-2.md) | Homestead Hard-fork Changes | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [6](EIPS/eip-6.md) | Renaming Suicide Opcode | Hudson Jameson | Interface | Final | +| [7](EIPS/eip-7.md) | DELEGATECALL | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [8](EIPS/eip-8.md) | devp2p Forward Compatibility Requirements for Homestead | Felix Lange | Networking | Final | +| [20](EIPS/eip-20-token-standard.md) | ERC-20 Token Standard | Fabian Vogelsteller, Vitalik Buterin | ERC | Final | +| [55](EIPS/eip-55.md) | ERC-55 Mixed-case checksum address encoding | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [100](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/100) | Change difficulty adjustment to target mean block time including uncles | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [137](EIPS/eip-137.md) | Ethereum Domain Name Service - Specification | Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | +| [140](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/206) | REVERT instruction in the Ethereum Virtual Machine | Alex Beregszaszi, Nikolai Mushegian | Core | Final | +| [141](EIPS/eip-141.md) | Designated invalid EVM instruction | Alex Beregszaszi | Core | Final | +| [150](EIPS/eip-150.md) | Gas cost changes for IO-heavy operations | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [155](EIPS/eip-155.md) | Simple replay attack protection | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [160](EIPS/eip-160.md) | EXP cost increase | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [161](EIPS/eip-161.md) | State trie clearing (invariant-preserving alternative) | Gavin Wood | Core | Final | +| [162](EIPS/eip-162.md) | ERC-162 ENS support for reverse resolution of Ethereum addresses | Maurelian, Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | +| [170](EIPS/eip-170.md) | Contract code size limit | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [181](EIPS/eip-181.md) | ERC-181 ENS support for reverse resolution of Ethereum addresses | Nick Johnson | ERC | Final | +| [190](EIPS/eip-190.md) | ERC-190 Ethereum Smart Contract Packaging Standard | Merriam, Coulter, Erfurt, Catalano, Matias | ERC | Final | +| [196](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/213) | Precompiled contracts for addition and scalar multiplication on the elliptic curve alt_bn128 | Christian Reitwiessner | Core | Final | +| [197](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/212) | Precompiled contracts for optimal Ate pairing check on the elliptic curve alt_bn128 | Vitalik Buterin, Christian Reitwiessner | Core | Final | +| [198](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/198) | Precompiled contract for bigint modular exponentiation | Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [211](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/211) | New opcodes: RETURNDATASIZE and RETURNDATACOPY | Christian Reitwiessner | Core | Final | +| [214](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/214) | New opcode STATICCALL | Vitalik Buterin, Christian Reitwiessner | Core | Final | +| [606](EIPS/eip-606.md) | Hardfork Meta: Homestead | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | +| [607](EIPS/eip-607.md) | Hardfork Meta: Spurious Dragon | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | +| [608](EIPS/eip-608.md) | Hardfork Meta: Tangerine Whistle | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | +| [609](EIPS/eip-609.md) | Hardfork Meta: Byzantium | Alex Beregszaszi | Meta | Final | +| [649](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/669) | Metropolis Difficulty Bomb Delay and Block Reward Reduction | Afri Schoedon, Vitalik Buterin | Core | Final | +| [658](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/658) | Embedding transaction return data in receipts | Nick Johnson | Core | Final | +| [706](EIPS/eip-706.md) | DEVp2p snappy compression | Péter Szilágyi | Networking | Final |