diff --git a/contractabi/decoding.nim b/contractabi/decoding.nim
index 97e8a65..eac998a 100644
--- a/contractabi/decoding.nim
+++ b/contractabi/decoding.nim
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import pkg/stint
 import pkg/stew/endians2
 import pkg/stew/byteutils
+import pkg/questionable/results
 import pkg/upraises
 import ./encoding
 
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ type
     padRight
   UInt = SomeUnsignedInt | StUint
 
-func read*(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type): T
+func read*(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type): ?!T
 
 func init(_: type Tuple, offset: int, dynamic: bool): Tuple =
   Tuple(start: offset, index: offset, dynamic: dynamic)
@@ -41,55 +42,60 @@ func updateLast(decoder: var AbiDecoder, index: int) =
   if index > decoder.last:
     decoder.last = index
 
-func advance(decoder: var AbiDecoder, amount: int) =
+func advance(decoder: var AbiDecoder, amount: int): ?!void =
   decoder.index += amount
   decoder.updateLast(decoder.index)
+  success()
 
-func read(decoder: var AbiDecoder, amount: int, padding = padLeft): seq[byte] =
+func read(decoder: var AbiDecoder, amount: int, padding=padLeft): ?!seq[byte] =
   let padlen = (32 - amount mod 32) mod 32
   if padding == padLeft:
-    decoder.advance(padlen)
-  result = decoder.bytes[decoder.index..<decoder.index+amount]
-  decoder.advance(amount)
+    ?decoder.advance(padlen)
+  let index = decoder.index
+  ?decoder.advance(amount)
+  result = success decoder.bytes[index..<index+amount]
   if padding == padRight:
-    decoder.advance(padlen)
+    ?decoder.advance(padlen)
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type UInt): T =
-  T.fromBytesBE(decoder.read(sizeof(T)))
+func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type UInt): ?!T =
+  success T.fromBytesBE(?decoder.read(sizeof(T)))
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type bool): T =
-  decoder.read(uint8) != 0
+func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type bool): ?!T =
+  success (?decoder.read(uint8) != 0)
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type enum): T =
-  T(decoder.read(uint64))
+func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type enum): ?!T =
+  success T(?decoder.read(uint64))
 
-func decode[I](decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type array[I, byte]): T =
-  result[0..<result.len] = decoder.read(result.len, padRight)
+func decode[I](decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type array[I, byte]): ?!T =
+  var arr: T
+  arr[0..<arr.len] = ?decoder.read(arr.len, padRight)
+  success arr
 
-func readOffset(decoder: var AbiDecoder): int =
-  let offset = decoder.read(uint64)
-  decoder.currentTuple.start + offset.int
+func readOffset(decoder: var AbiDecoder): ?!int =
+  let offset = ?decoder.read(uint64)
+  success decoder.currentTuple.start + offset.int
 
-func readTail(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type seq[byte]): T =
-  let offset = decoder.readOffset()
+func readTail(decoder: var AbiDecoder): ?!seq[byte] =
+  let offset = ?decoder.readOffset()
   var tailDecoder = AbiDecoder.init(decoder.bytes, offset)
-  result = tailDecoder.read(T)
+  result = tailDecoder.read(seq[byte])
   decoder.updateLast(tailDecoder.index)
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type seq[byte]): T =
+func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type seq[byte]): ?!T =
   if decoder.currentTuple.dynamic:
-    decoder.readTail(T)
+    decoder.readTail()
   else:
-    let len = decoder.read(uint64).int
-    decoder.read(len, padRight)
+    let len = ?decoder.read(uint64)
+    decoder.read(len.int, padRight)
 
-func startTuple(decoder: var AbiDecoder, dynamic: bool) =
+func startTuple(decoder: var AbiDecoder, dynamic: bool): ?!void =
   var start: int
   if decoder.currentTuple.dynamic and dynamic:
-    start = decoder.readOffset()
+    start = ?decoder.readOffset()
   else:
     start = decoder.index
   decoder.stack.add(Tuple.init(start, dynamic))
+  success()
 
 func finishTuple(decoder: var AbiDecoder) =
   doAssert decoder.stack.len > 1, "unable to finish a tuple that hasn't started"
@@ -97,14 +103,16 @@ func finishTuple(decoder: var AbiDecoder) =
   if not tupl.dynamic:
     decoder.index = tupl.index
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type tuple): T =
-  const dynamic = AbiEncoder.isDynamic(typeof(result))
-  decoder.startTuple(dynamic)
-  for element in result.fields:
-    element = decoder.read(typeof(element))
+func decode[T: tuple](decoder: var AbiDecoder, _: typedesc[T]): ?!T =
+  const dynamic = AbiEncoder.isDynamic(T)
+  var tupl: T
+  ?decoder.startTuple(dynamic)
+  for element in tupl.fields:
+    element = ?decoder.read(typeof(element))
   decoder.finishTuple()
+  success tupl
 
-func read*(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type): T =
+func read*(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type): ?!T =
   decoder.decode(T)
 
 func finish(decoder: var AbiDecoder) =
@@ -112,24 +120,29 @@ func finish(decoder: var AbiDecoder) =
   doAssert decoder.last == decoder.bytes.len, "unread trailing bytes found"
   doAssert decoder.last mod 32 == 0, "encoding variant broken"
 
-func decode[T](decoder: var AbiDecoder, _: type seq[T]): seq[T] =
-  let len = decoder.read(uint64)
-  decoder.startTuple(dynamic=true)
+func decode[T](decoder: var AbiDecoder, _: type seq[T]): ?!seq[T] =
+  var sequence: seq[T]
+  let len = ?decoder.read(uint64)
+  ?decoder.startTuple(dynamic=true)
   for _ in 0..<len:
-    result.add(decoder.read(T))
+    sequence.add(?decoder.read(T))
   decoder.finishTuple()
+  success sequence
 
-func decode[I,T](decoder: var AbiDecoder, _: type array[I,T]): array[I,T] =
+func decode[I,T](decoder: var AbiDecoder, _: type array[I,T]): ?!array[I,T] =
+  var arr: array[I, T]
   const dynamic = AbiEncoder.isDynamic(T)
-  decoder.startTuple(dynamic)
-  for i in 0..<result.len:
-    result[i] = decoder.read(T)
+  ?decoder.startTuple(dynamic)
+  for i in 0..<arr.len:
+    arr[i] = ?decoder.read(T)
   decoder.finishTuple()
+  success arr
 
-func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type string): T =
-  string.fromBytes(decoder.read(seq[byte]))
+func decode(decoder: var AbiDecoder, T: type string): ?!T =
+  success string.fromBytes(?decoder.read(seq[byte]))
 
-func decode*(_: type AbiDecoder, bytes: seq[byte], T: type): T =
+func decode*(_: type AbiDecoder, bytes: seq[byte], T: type): ?!T =
   var decoder = AbiDecoder.init(bytes)
-  result = decoder.decode(T)
+  var value = ?decoder.decode(T)
   decoder.finish()
+  success value
diff --git a/tests/contractabi/testDecoding.nim b/tests/contractabi/testDecoding.nim
index 23e1025..cfe8bd8 100644
--- a/tests/contractabi/testDecoding.nim
+++ b/tests/contractabi/testDecoding.nim
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import std/unittest
+import pkg/questionable/results
 import contractabi
 import ./examples
 
@@ -6,7 +7,7 @@ suite "ABI decoding":
 
   proc checkDecode[T](value: T) =
     let encoded = AbiEncoder.encode(value)
-    check AbiDecoder.decode(encoded, T) == value
+    check !AbiDecoder.decode(encoded, T) == value
 
   proc checkDecode(T: type) =
     checkDecode(T.example)