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<p>The following features are currently experimental and under research and initial implementation:</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="economic-spam-resistance">Economic spam resistance<a href="#economic-spam-resistance" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Economic spam resistance" title="Direct link to Economic spam resistance"></a></h3>
<p>We aim to enable an incentivised spam protection technique to enhance <code>Relay</code> by using <a href="https://rfc.vac.dev/vac/32/rln-v1/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rate Limit Nullifiers (RLN)</a>.
In this advanced method, peers are limited to a certain messaging rate per epoch, and an immediate financial penalty is enforced for spammers who break this rate. You can find more details in the <a href="https://vac.dev/rln-relay" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RLN Relay blog post</a>.</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="prevention-of-denial-of-service-dos-and-node-incentivisation">Prevention of denial of service (DoS) and node incentivisation<a href="#prevention-of-denial-of-service-dos-and-node-incentivisation" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Prevention of denial of service (DoS) and node incentivisation" title="Direct link to Prevention of denial of service (DoS) and node incentivisation"></a></h3>
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<p>Denial of service signifies the case where an adversarial peer exhausts another node&#x27;s service capacity (e.g., by making a large number of requests) and makes it unavailable to the rest of the system. RnD on DoS attack mitigation can be tracked from here: <a href="https://github.com/vacp2p/research/issues/148" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/vacp2p/research/issues/148</a>.</p>
<p>In a nutshell, peers have to pay for the service they obtain from each other. In addition to incentivising the service provider, accounting also makes DoS attacks costly for malicious peers. The accounting model can be used in <code>Store</code> and <code>Filter</code> to protect against DoS attacks.</p>
<p>Additionally, along with RLN, this gives node operators who provide a useful service to the network an incentive to perform that service. Read more here: <a href="https://vac.dev/building-privacy-protecting-infrastructure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://vac.dev/building-privacy-protecting-infrastructure</a></p>
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<p>You can also read more about the ongoing challenges the Waku team is working on here: <a href="https://github.com/waku-org/research" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/waku-org/research</a></p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="research-resources">Research resources<a href="#research-resources" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Research resources" title="Direct link to Research resources"></a></h2>
<p><strong>Research and Studies</strong>: Protocol simulations and theoretical analysis to support the design of Waku protocols. The protocol definitions are on the <a href="https://rfc.vac.dev/waku" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Waku RFCs</a> website.</p>
<p><strong>Benchmarks</strong>: Results of implementations and engineering-related benchmarks for Waku clients.</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="research-papers">Research papers<a href="#research-papers" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Research papers" title="Direct link to Research papers"></a></h2>
<p>Waku also has the following published research papers:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00117" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>WAKU-RLN-RELAY: Privacy-Preserving Peer-to-Peer Economic Spam Protection</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/1073" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Message Latency in Waku Relay with Rate Limiting Nullifiers</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00038" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Waku: A Family of Modular P2P Protocols For Secure &amp; Censorship-Resistant Communication</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10646404" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>The Waku Network as Infrastructure for dApps</strong></a></li>
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