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< title data-rh = "true" > Protocols | Waku Documentation< / title > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width,initial-scale=1" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "twitter:card" content = "summary_large_image" > < meta data-rh = "true" property = "og:url" content = "https://docs.waku.org/learn/concepts/protocols" > < meta data-rh = "true" property = "og:locale" content = "en_GB" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docusaurus_locale" content = "en-GB" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docsearch:language" content = "en-GB" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "keywords" content = "waku, web3" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "image" content = "https://docs.waku.org/_og/13ed2ff38ab4b34a7d01eeae0359fdc79056f4b8.png" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docusaurus_version" content = "current" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docusaurus_tag" content = "docs-default-current" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docsearch:version" content = "current" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content = "docs-default-current" > < meta data-rh = "true" property = "og:title" content = "Protocols | Waku Documentation" > < meta data-rh = "true" name = "description" content = "Waku takes a modular approach, providing a range of protocols that enable applications to control the trade-offs involved in the Anonymity Trilemma. This flexibility empowers applications to make informed choices regarding the desired balance between anonymity, scalability, and latency. Here are the main protocols provided by Waku:" > < meta data-rh = "true" property = "og:description" content = "Waku takes a modular approach, providing a range of protocols that enable applications to control the trade-offs involved in the Anonymity Trilemma. This flexibility empowers applications to make informed choices regarding the desired balance between anonymity, scalability, and latency. Here are the main protocols provided by Waku:" > < link data-rh = "true" rel = "icon" href = "/theme/image/favicon.ico" > < link data-rh = "true" rel = "canonical" href = "https://docs.waku.org/learn/concepts/protocols" > < link data-rh = "true" rel = "alternate" href = "https://docs.waku.org/learn/concepts/protocols" hreflang = "en-GB" > < link data-rh = "true" rel = "alternate" href = "https://docs.waku.org/learn/concepts/protocols" hreflang = "x-default" > < link rel = "alternate icon" type = "image/png" href = "/theme/image/favicon.png" >
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< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "relay" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/11/relay/" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Relay< / a > < a href = "#relay" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to relay" title = "Direct link to relay" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > Relay< / code > protocol employs a Pub/Sub architecture to facilitate the sending and receiving of messages among peers. It extends the < a href = "https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/README.md" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > libp2p GossipSub protocol< / a > to create a privacy-focused peer-to-peer messaging protocol that enables secure communication channels, encryption, and protection against censorship. It also scales the Waku Network to accommodate many nodes efficiently.< / p >
< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "rln-relay" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/17/rln-relay/" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > RLN relay< / a > < a href = "#rln-relay" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to rln-relay" title = "Direct link to rln-relay" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > RLN Relay< / code > protocol extends the < code > Relay< / code > protocol by using < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/vac/32/rln-v1/" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Rate Limit Nullifiers (RLN)< / a > to provide efficient and economic spam-prevention. It enforces a rate limit on messages over time for all peers in the network, economically preventing spam, and imposes financial penalties and network removal for spammers. You can find more details in the < a href = "https://vac.dev/rln-relay" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > RLN Relay blog post< / a > .< / p >
< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "filter" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/12/filter/" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Filter< / a > < a href = "#filter" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to filter" title = "Direct link to filter" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > Filter< / code > protocol allows light nodes to selectively subscribe to specific messages relayed by other peers using < a href = "/learn/concepts/content-topics" > content topics< / a > . It is designed to be a lightweight alternative for accessing the < code > Relay< / code > network, particularly tailored for devices with limited bandwidth.< / p >
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< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "store" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/13/store" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Store< / a > < a href = "#store" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to store" title = "Direct link to store" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > Store< / code > protocol is responsible for storing messages relayed in the network, making it possible to query and retrieve them later. This functionality benefits offline peers by enabling them to retrieve missed messages upon reconnection.< / p >
< div class = "theme-admonition theme-admonition-info alert--info admonition_ntHH" > < span class = "admonitionIcon_BGV6" > < svg width = "16" height = "16" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" fill = "none" xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" > < path d = "M7.33334 11.3333H8.66668V7.33331H7.33334V11.3333ZM8.00001 5.99998C8.1889 5.99998 8.34734 5.93598 8.47534 5.80798C8.60334 5.67998 8.66712 5.52176 8.66668 5.33331C8.66668 5.14442 8.60268 4.98598 8.47468 4.85798C8.34668 4.72998 8.18845 4.6662 8.00001 4.66665C7.81112 4.66665 7.65268 4.73065 7.52468 4.85865C7.39668 4.98665 7.3329 5.14487 7.33334 5.33331C7.33334 5.5222 7.39734 5.68065 7.52534 5.80865C7.65334 5.93665 7.81157 6.00042 8.00001 5.99998ZM8.00001 14.6666C7.07779 14.6666 6.21112 14.4915 5.40001 14.1413C4.5889 13.7911 3.88334 13.3162 3.28334 12.7166C2.68334 12.1166 2.20845 11.4111 1.85868 10.6C1.5089 9.78887 1.33379 8.9222 1.33334 7.99998C1.33334 7.07776 1.50845 6.21109 1.85868 5.39998C2.2089 4.58887 2.68379 3.88331 3.28334 3.28331C3.88334 2.68331 4.5889 2.20842 5.40001 1.85865C6.21112 1.50887 7.07779 1.33376 8.00001 1.33331C8.92223 1.33331 9.7889 1.50842 10.6 1.85865C11.4111 2.20887 12.1167 2.68376 12.7167 3.28331C13.3167 3.88331 13.7918 4.58887 14.142 5.39998C14.4922 6.21109 14.6671 7.07776 14.6667 7.99998C14.6667 8.9222 14.4916 9.78887 14.1413 10.6C13.7911 11.4111 13.3162 12.1166 12.7167 12.7166C12.1167 13.3166 11.4111 13.7918 10.6 14.142C9.7889 14.4922 8.92223 14.6671 8.00001 14.6666ZM8.00001 13.3333C9.4889 13.3333 10.75 12.8166 11.7833 11.7833C12.8167 10.75 13.3333 9.48887 13.3333 7.99998C13.3333 6.51109 12.8167 5.24998 11.7833 4.21665C10.75 3.18331 9.4889 2.66665 8.00001 2.66665C6.51112 2.66665 5.25001 3.18331 4.21668 4.21665C3.18334 5.24998 2.66668 6.51109 2.66668 7.99998C2.66668 9.48887 3.18334 10.75 4.21668 11.7833C5.25001 12.8166 6.51112 13.3333 8.00001 13.3333Z" fill = "currentColor" > < / path > < / svg > < / span > < div > < span class = "lsd-typography lsd-typography--body1 admonitionHeading_JPfy" > info< / span > < span class = "lsd-typography lsd-typography--body1 admonitionContent_iozl" > < p > Using < code > Relay< / code > and < code > Filter< / code > protocols is recommended when a node is online, as < code > Store< / code > does not guarantee data availability. The < code > Store< / code > protocol is suitable for retrieving messages when connecting to the network, like when a DApp starts.< / p > < / span > < / div > < / div >
< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "light-push" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/19/lightpush" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Light push< / a > < a href = "#light-push" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to light-push" title = "Direct link to light-push" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > Light Push< / code > is a < a href = "/learn/concepts/network-domains#requestresponse-domain" > Request/Response< / a > protocol for nodes with limited bandwidth and short connection windows. It allows a client to receive an acknowledgement when sending messages, indicating that at least one peer has received them. Subsequently, the remote peer forwards these messages to the < code > Relay< / code > network.< / p >
< div class = "theme-admonition theme-admonition-info alert--info admonition_ntHH" > < span class = "admonitionIcon_BGV6" > < svg width = "16" height = "16" viewBox = "0 0 16 16" fill = "none" xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" > < path d = "M7.33334 11.3333H8.66668V7.33331H7.33334V11.3333ZM8.00001 5.99998C8.1889 5.99998 8.34734 5.93598 8.47534 5.80798C8.60334 5.67998 8.66712 5.52176 8.66668 5.33331C8.66668 5.14442 8.60268 4.98598 8.47468 4.85798C8.34668 4.72998 8.18845 4.6662 8.00001 4.66665C7.81112 4.66665 7.65268 4.73065 7.52468 4.85865C7.39668 4.98665 7.3329 5.14487 7.33334 5.33331C7.33334 5.5222 7.39734 5.68065 7.52534 5.80865C7.65334 5.93665 7.81157 6.00042 8.00001 5.99998ZM8.00001 14.6666C7.07779 14.6666 6.21112 14.4915 5.40001 14.1413C4.5889 13.7911 3.88334 13.3162 3.28334 12.7166C2.68334 12.1166 2.20845 11.4111 1.85868 10.6C1.5089 9.78887 1.33379 8.9222 1.33334 7.99998C1.33334 7.07776 1.50845 6.21109 1.85868 5.39998C2.2089 4.58887 2.68379 3.88331 3.28334 3.28331C3.88334 2.68331 4.5889 2.20842 5.40001 1.85865C6.21112 1.50887 7.07779 1.33376 8.00001 1.33331C8.92223 1.33331 9.7889 1.50842 10.6 1.85865C11.4111 2.20887 12.1167 2.68376 12.7167 3.28331C13.3167 3.88331 13.7918 4.58887 14.142 5.39998C14.4922 6.21109 14.6671 7.07776 14.6667 7.99998C14.6667 8.9222 14.4916 9.78887 14.1413 10.6C13.7911 11.4111 13.3162 12.1166 12.7167 12.7166C12.1167 13.3166 11.4111 13.7918 10.6 14.142C9.7889 14.4922 8.92223 14.6671 8.00001 14.6666ZM8.00001 13.3333C9.4889 13.3333 10.75 12.8166 11.7833 11.7833C12.8167 10.75 13.3333 9.48887 13.3333 7.99998C13.3333 6.51109 12.8167 5.24998 11.7833 4.21665C10.75 3.18331 9.4889 2.66665 8.00001 2.66665C6.51112 2.66665 5.25001 3.18331 4.21668 4.21665C3.18334 5.24998 2.66668 6.51109 2.66668 7.99998C2.66668 9.48887 3.18334 10.75 4.21668 11.7833C5.25001 12.8166 6.51112 13.3333 8.00001 13.3333Z" fill = "currentColor" > < / path > < / svg > < / span > < div > < span class = "lsd-typography lsd-typography--body1 admonitionHeading_JPfy" > info< / span > < span class = "lsd-typography lsd-typography--body1 admonitionContent_iozl" > < p > While the < code > Light Push< / code > protocol acknowledges the receipt by the remote peer, it does not guarantee network-wide propagation.< / p > < / span > < / div > < / div >
< h2 class = "anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id = "waku-message" > < a href = "https://rfc.vac.dev/waku/standards/core/14/message" target = "_blank" rel = "noopener noreferrer" > Waku message< / a > < a href = "#waku-message" class = "hash-link" aria-label = "Direct link to waku-message" title = "Direct link to waku-message" > < / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > Waku Message< / code > specifies the structure and format of messages in the Waku Network. It includes the following attributes:< / p >
< ul >
< li > < code > content_topic< / code > attribute for < a href = "/learn/concepts/content-topics" > content-based filtering< / a > .< / li >
< li > < code > payload< / code > attribute containing the message data payload to be sent.< / li >
< li > < code > meta< / code > attribute for conveying additional details to various protocols for application-specific processing.< / li >
< li > < code > timestamp< / code > attribute signifying the time at which the message was generated by its sender.< / li >
< li > < code > ephemeral< / code > attribute specifying whether the network should not store the message.< / li >
2025-10-03 11:14:33 +00:00
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