nomos-specs/mixnet/packet.py

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from __future__ import annotations
import uuid
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum
from itertools import batched
from typing import Dict, List, Self, Tuple, TypeAlias
from pysphinx.payload import Payload
from pysphinx.sphinx import SphinxPacket
from mixnet.config import MixnetTopology, MixNodeInfo
class MessageFlag(Enum):
MESSAGE_FLAG_REAL = b"\x00"
MESSAGE_FLAG_DROP_COVER = b"\x01"
def bytes(self) -> bytes:
return bytes(self.value)
class PacketBuilder:
@staticmethod
def build_real_packets(
message: bytes, topology: MixnetTopology
) -> List[Tuple[SphinxPacket, List[MixNodeInfo]]]:
return PacketBuilder.__build_packets(
MessageFlag.MESSAGE_FLAG_REAL, message, topology
)
@staticmethod
def build_drop_cover_packets(
message: bytes, topology: MixnetTopology
) -> List[Tuple[SphinxPacket, List[MixNodeInfo]]]:
return PacketBuilder.__build_packets(
MessageFlag.MESSAGE_FLAG_DROP_COVER, message, topology
)
@staticmethod
def __build_packets(
flag: MessageFlag, message: bytes, topology: MixnetTopology
) -> List[Tuple[SphinxPacket, List[MixNodeInfo]]]:
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destination = topology.choose_mix_destination()
msg_with_flag = flag.bytes() + message
# NOTE: We don't encrypt msg_with_flag for destination.
# If encryption is needed, a shared secret must be appended in front of the message along with the MessageFlag.
fragment_set = FragmentSet(msg_with_flag)
out = []
for fragment in fragment_set.fragments:
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route = topology.generate_route(destination)
packet = SphinxPacket.build(
fragment.bytes(),
[mixnode.sphinx_node() for mixnode in route],
destination.sphinx_node(),
)
out.append((packet, route))
return out
@staticmethod
def parse_msg_and_flag(data: bytes) -> Tuple[MessageFlag, bytes]:
"""Remove a MessageFlag from data"""
if len(data) < 1:
raise ValueError("data is too short")
return (MessageFlag(data[0:1]), data[1:])
# Unlikely, Nym uses i32 for FragmentSetId, which may cause more collisions.
# We will use UUID until figuring out why Nym uses i32.
FragmentSetId: TypeAlias = bytes # 128bit UUID v4
FragmentId: TypeAlias = int # unsigned 8bit int in big endian
FRAGMENT_SET_ID_LENGTH: int = 16
FRAGMENT_ID_LENGTH: int = 1
@dataclass
class FragmentHeader:
"""
Contain all information for reconstructing a message that was fragmented into the same FragmentSet.
"""
set_id: FragmentSetId
total_fragments: FragmentId
fragment_id: FragmentId
SIZE: int = FRAGMENT_SET_ID_LENGTH + FRAGMENT_ID_LENGTH * 2
@staticmethod
def max_total_fragments() -> int:
return 256 # because total_fragment is u8
def bytes(self) -> bytes:
return (
self.set_id
+ self.total_fragments.to_bytes(1)
+ self.fragment_id.to_bytes(1)
)
@classmethod
def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> Self:
if len(data) != cls.SIZE:
raise ValueError("Invalid data length", len(data))
return cls(data[:16], int.from_bytes(data[16:17]), int.from_bytes(data[17:18]))
@dataclass
class FragmentSet:
"""
Represent a set of Fragments that can be reconstructed to a single original message.
Note that the maximum number of fragments in a FragmentSet is limited for now.
"""
fragments: List[Fragment]
MAX_FRAGMENTS: int = FragmentHeader.max_total_fragments()
def __init__(self, message: bytes):
"""
Build a FragmentSet by chunking a message into Fragments.
"""
chunked_messages = chunks(message, Fragment.MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE)
# For now, we don't support more than max_fragments() fragments.
# If needed, we can devise the FragmentSet chaining to support larger messages, like Nym.
if len(chunked_messages) > self.MAX_FRAGMENTS:
raise ValueError(f"Too long message: {len(chunked_messages)} chunks")
set_id = uuid.uuid4().bytes
self.fragments = [
Fragment(FragmentHeader(set_id, len(chunked_messages), i), chunk)
for i, chunk in enumerate(chunked_messages)
]
@dataclass
class Fragment:
"""Represent a piece of data that can be transformed to a single SphinxPacket"""
header: FragmentHeader
body: bytes
MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE: int = Payload.max_plain_payload_size() - FragmentHeader.SIZE
def bytes(self) -> bytes:
return self.header.bytes() + self.body
@classmethod
def from_bytes(cls, data: bytes) -> Self:
header = FragmentHeader.from_bytes(data[: FragmentHeader.SIZE])
body = data[FragmentHeader.SIZE :]
return cls(header, body)
@dataclass
class MessageReconstructor:
fragmentSets: Dict[FragmentSetId, FragmentSetReconstructor]
def __init__(self):
self.fragmentSets = {}
def add(self, fragment: Fragment) -> bytes | None:
if fragment.header.set_id not in self.fragmentSets:
self.fragmentSets[fragment.header.set_id] = FragmentSetReconstructor(
fragment.header.total_fragments
)
msg = self.fragmentSets[fragment.header.set_id].add(fragment)
if msg is not None:
del self.fragmentSets[fragment.header.set_id]
return msg
@dataclass
class FragmentSetReconstructor:
total_fragments: FragmentId
fragments: Dict[FragmentId, Fragment]
def __init__(self, total_fragments: FragmentId):
self.total_fragments = total_fragments
self.fragments = {}
def add(self, fragment: Fragment) -> bytes | None:
self.fragments[fragment.header.fragment_id] = fragment
if len(self.fragments) == self.total_fragments:
return self.build_message()
else:
return None
def build_message(self) -> bytes:
message = b""
for i in range(self.total_fragments):
message += self.fragments[FragmentId(i)].body
return message
def chunks(data: bytes, size: int) -> List[bytes]:
return list(map(bytes, batched(data, size)))