diff --git a/goas/cl/cl/src/bundle.rs b/goas/cl/cl/src/bundle.rs
index 137ff4d..226cb94 100644
--- a/goas/cl/cl/src/bundle.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/cl/src/bundle.rs
@@ -63,7 +63,9 @@ mod test {
 
         let bundle_witness = BundleWitness {
             balance: BalanceWitness::new(
-                crv_4840_out.balance.0 - nmo_10_in.balance.0 - eth_23_in.balance.0,
+                crv_4840_out.balance_blinding.0
+                    - nmo_10_in.balance_blinding.0
+                    - eth_23_in.balance_blinding.0,
             ),
         };
 
@@ -74,9 +76,16 @@ mod test {
         assert!(!bundle.is_balanced(bundle_witness.balance));
         assert_eq!(
             bundle.balance(),
-            crate::balance::balance(4840, hash_to_curve(b"CRV"), crv_4840_out.balance.0)
-                - (crate::balance::balance(10, hash_to_curve(b"NMO"), nmo_10_in.balance.0)
-                    + crate::balance::balance(23, hash_to_curve(b"ETH"), eth_23_in.balance.0))
+            crate::balance::balance(4840, hash_to_curve(b"CRV"), crv_4840_out.balance_blinding.0)
+                - (crate::balance::balance(
+                    10,
+                    hash_to_curve(b"NMO"),
+                    nmo_10_in.balance_blinding.0
+                ) + crate::balance::balance(
+                    23,
+                    hash_to_curve(b"ETH"),
+                    eth_23_in.balance_blinding.0
+                ))
         );
 
         let crv_4840_in = InputWitness::random(crv_4840_out, nf_c, &mut rng);
@@ -100,10 +109,11 @@ mod test {
 
         let witness = BundleWitness {
             balance: BalanceWitness::new(
-                -nmo_10_in.balance.0 - eth_23_in.balance.0 + crv_4840_out.balance.0
-                    - crv_4840_in.balance.0
-                    + nmo_10_out.balance.0
-                    + eth_23_out.balance.0,
+                -nmo_10_in.balance_blinding.0 - eth_23_in.balance_blinding.0
+                    + crv_4840_out.balance_blinding.0
+                    - crv_4840_in.balance_blinding.0
+                    + nmo_10_out.balance_blinding.0
+                    + eth_23_out.balance_blinding.0,
             ),
         };
 
diff --git a/goas/cl/cl/src/input.rs b/goas/cl/cl/src/input.rs
index c2d53ee..246952d 100644
--- a/goas/cl/cl/src/input.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/cl/src/input.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ pub struct Input {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct InputWitness {
     pub note: NoteWitness,
-    pub utxo_balance: BalanceWitness,
-    pub balance: BalanceWitness,
+    pub utxo_balance_blinding: BalanceWitness,
+    pub balance_blinding: BalanceWitness,
     pub nf_sk: NullifierSecret,
     pub nonce: NullifierNonce,
 }
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ impl InputWitness {
         assert_eq!(nf_sk.commit(), output.nf_pk);
         Self {
             note: output.note,
-            utxo_balance: output.balance,
-            balance: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
+            utxo_balance_blinding: output.balance_blinding,
+            balance_blinding: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
             nf_sk,
             nonce: output.nonce,
         }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ impl InputWitness {
     pub fn commit(&self) -> Input {
         Input {
             nullifier: self.nullifier(),
-            balance: self.balance.commit(&self.note),
+            balance: self.balance_blinding.commit(&self.note),
             death_cm: self.note.death_commitment(),
         }
     }
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ impl InputWitness {
     pub fn to_output(&self) -> crate::OutputWitness {
         crate::OutputWitness {
             note: self.note,
-            balance: self.utxo_balance,
+            balance_blinding: self.utxo_balance_blinding,
             nf_pk: self.nf_sk.commit(),
             nonce: self.nonce,
         }
diff --git a/goas/cl/cl/src/output.rs b/goas/cl/cl/src/output.rs
index 743f92d..ec71c6a 100644
--- a/goas/cl/cl/src/output.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/cl/src/output.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct Output {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct OutputWitness {
     pub note: NoteWitness,
-    pub balance: BalanceWitness,
+    pub balance_blinding: BalanceWitness,
     pub nf_pk: NullifierCommitment,
     pub nonce: NullifierNonce,
 }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ impl OutputWitness {
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             note,
-            balance: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
+            balance_blinding: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
             nf_pk: owner,
             nonce: NullifierNonce::random(&mut rng),
         }
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ impl OutputWitness {
     }
 
     pub fn commit_balance(&self) -> Balance {
-        self.balance.commit(&self.note)
+        self.balance_blinding.commit(&self.note)
     }
 
     pub fn commit(&self) -> Output {
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub struct OutputProof(OutputWitness);
 impl Output {
     pub fn prove(&self, w: &OutputWitness) -> Result<OutputProof, Error> {
         if &w.commit() == self {
-            Ok(OutputProof(w.clone()))
+            Ok(OutputProof(*w))
         } else {
             Err(Error::ProofFailed)
         }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ mod test {
 
         let witness = OutputWitness {
             note: NoteWitness::basic(10, "NMO"),
-            balance: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
+            balance_blinding: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
             nf_pk: NullifierSecret::random(&mut rng).commit(),
             nonce: NullifierNonce::random(&mut rng),
         };
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ mod test {
                 ..witness.clone()
             },
             OutputWitness {
-                balance: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
+                balance_blinding: BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
                 ..witness.clone()
             },
             OutputWitness {
diff --git a/goas/cl/cl/src/partial_tx.rs b/goas/cl/cl/src/partial_tx.rs
index 85e11ab..6be8d77 100644
--- a/goas/cl/cl/src/partial_tx.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/cl/src/partial_tx.rs
@@ -138,9 +138,13 @@ mod test {
 
         assert_eq!(
             ptx.balance(),
-            crate::balance::balance(4840, hash_to_curve(b"CRV"), crv_4840.balance.0)
-                - (crate::balance::balance(10, hash_to_curve(b"NMO"), nmo_10.balance.0)
-                    + crate::balance::balance(23, hash_to_curve(b"ETH"), eth_23.balance.0))
+            crate::balance::balance(4840, hash_to_curve(b"CRV"), crv_4840.balance_blinding.0)
+                - (crate::balance::balance(10, hash_to_curve(b"NMO"), nmo_10.balance_blinding.0)
+                    + crate::balance::balance(
+                        23,
+                        hash_to_curve(b"ETH"),
+                        eth_23.balance_blinding.0
+                    ))
         );
     }
 }
diff --git a/goas/cl/ledger/src/input.rs b/goas/cl/ledger/src/input.rs
index 3e8cf66..ace8e0f 100644
--- a/goas/cl/ledger/src/input.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/ledger/src/input.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ impl InputProof {
 }
 
 pub fn prove_input(input: cl::InputWitness, note_commitments: &[cl::NoteCommitment]) -> InputProof {
-    let output_cm = input.to_output_witness().commit_note();
+    let output_cm = input.to_output().commit_note();
 
     let cm_leaves = note_commitment_leaves(note_commitments);
     let cm_idx = note_commitments
@@ -80,17 +80,16 @@ mod test {
     #[test]
     fn test_input_nullifier_prover() {
         let mut rng = thread_rng();
+
         let input = cl::InputWitness {
-            note: cl::NoteWitness {
-                balance: cl::BalanceWitness::random(32, "NMO", &mut rng),
-                death_constraint: [0u8; 32],
-                state: [0u8; 32],
-            },
+            note: cl::NoteWitness::basic(32, "NMO"),
+            utxo_balance_blinding: cl::BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
+            balance_blinding: cl::BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng),
             nf_sk: cl::NullifierSecret::random(&mut rng),
             nonce: cl::NullifierNonce::random(&mut rng),
         };
 
-        let notes = vec![input.to_output_witness().commit_note()];
+        let notes = vec![input.to_output().commit_note()];
 
         let proof = prove_input(input, &notes);
 
@@ -125,7 +124,8 @@ mod test {
             },
             InputPublic {
                 input: cl::Input {
-                    balance: cl::BalanceWitness::random(32, "NMO", &mut rng).commit(),
+                    balance: cl::BalanceWitness::random(&mut rng)
+                        .commit(&cl::NoteWitness::basic(32, "NMO")),
                     ..expected_public_inputs.input
                 },
                 ..expected_public_inputs
diff --git a/goas/cl/proof_statements/src/ptx.rs b/goas/cl/proof_statements/src/ptx.rs
index 7c7f9d7..2428e09 100644
--- a/goas/cl/proof_statements/src/ptx.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/proof_statements/src/ptx.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ impl PartialTxInputPrivate {
     }
 
     pub fn cm_root(&self) -> [u8; 32] {
-        let leaf = merkle::leaf(self.input.to_output_witness().commit_note().as_bytes());
+        let leaf = merkle::leaf(self.input.to_output().commit_note().as_bytes());
         merkle::path_root(leaf, &self.cm_path)
     }
 }
diff --git a/goas/cl/risc0_proofs/input/src/main.rs b/goas/cl/risc0_proofs/input/src/main.rs
index b84517f..fa63ab3 100644
--- a/goas/cl/risc0_proofs/input/src/main.rs
+++ b/goas/cl/risc0_proofs/input/src/main.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use risc0_zkvm::guest::env;
 fn main() {
     let secret: InputPrivate = env::read();
 
-    let out_cm = secret.input.to_output_witness().commit_note();
+    let out_cm = secret.input.to_output().commit_note();
     let cm_leaf = merkle::leaf(out_cm.as_bytes());
     let cm_root = merkle::path_root(cm_leaf, &secret.cm_path);
 
diff --git a/goas/zone/risc0_proofs/spend_zone_funds/src/main.rs b/goas/zone/risc0_proofs/spend_zone_funds/src/main.rs
index 18a00ea..97beecd 100644
--- a/goas/zone/risc0_proofs/spend_zone_funds/src/main.rs
+++ b/goas/zone/risc0_proofs/spend_zone_funds/src/main.rs
@@ -39,19 +39,18 @@ fn main() {
     let change = in_zone_funds
         .input
         .note
-        .balance
         .value
         .checked_sub(spend_event.amount)
         .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(out_zone_funds.output.note.balance.value, change);
+    assert_eq!(out_zone_funds.output.note.value, change);
     // zone funds output should have the same death constraints as the zone funds input
     assert_eq!(
         out_zone_funds.output.note.death_constraint,
         in_zone_funds.input.note.death_constraint
     );
     assert_eq!(
-        out_zone_funds.output.note.balance.unit,
-        in_zone_funds.input.note.balance.unit
+        out_zone_funds.output.note.unit,
+        in_zone_funds.input.note.unit
     );
     // zone funds nullifier, nonce and value blinding should be public so that everybody can spend it
     assert_eq!(
@@ -59,8 +58,8 @@ fn main() {
         NullifierSecret::from_bytes([0; 16]).commit()
     );
     assert_eq!(
-        out_zone_funds.output.note.balance.blinding,
-        in_zone_funds.input.note.balance.blinding
+        out_zone_funds.output.balance_blinding,
+        in_zone_funds.input.balance_blinding
     );
     let mut evolved_nonce = [0; 16];
     evolved_nonce[..16]
@@ -73,11 +72,8 @@ fn main() {
     assert_eq!(ptx_root, spent_note.ptx_root());
 
     // check the correct amount of funds is being spent
-    assert_eq!(spent_note.output.note.balance.value, spend_event.amount);
-    assert_eq!(
-        spent_note.output.note.balance.unit,
-        in_zone_funds.input.note.balance.unit
-    );
+    assert_eq!(spent_note.output.note.value, spend_event.amount);
+    assert_eq!(spent_note.output.note.unit, in_zone_funds.input.note.unit);
     // check the correct recipient is being paid
     assert_eq!(spent_note.output.nf_pk, spend_event.to);