diff --git a/nodes/nomos-node/src/api.rs b/nodes/nomos-node/src/api.rs
index 20e65903..705c47a3 100644
--- a/nodes/nomos-node/src/api.rs
+++ b/nodes/nomos-node/src/api.rs
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ pub struct AxumBackend<T, S, const SIZE: usize> {
 )]
 struct ApiDoc;
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl<T, S, const SIZE: usize> Backend for AxumBackend<T, S, SIZE>
 where
     T: Transaction
diff --git a/nodes/nomos-node/src/lib.rs b/nodes/nomos-node/src/lib.rs
index cebd8886..63b2de68 100644
--- a/nodes/nomos-node/src/lib.rs
+++ b/nodes/nomos-node/src/lib.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ use carnot_engine::overlay::{RandomBeaconState, RoundRobin, TreeOverlay};
 use color_eyre::eyre::Result;
 use full_replication::Certificate;
 use full_replication::{AbsoluteNumber, Attestation, Blob, FullReplication};
-#[cfg(feature = "metrics")]
-use metrics::{backend::map::MapMetricsBackend, types::MetricsData, MetricsService};
 
 use api::AxumBackend;
 use bytes::Bytes;
@@ -46,8 +44,7 @@ use nomos_core::{
 };
 use nomos_network::NetworkService;
 use nomos_system_sig::SystemSig;
-use overwatch_derive::*;
-use overwatch_rs::services::handle::ServiceHandle;
+use overwatch_rs::{services::handle::ServiceHandle, Services};
 use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Serialize};
 
 pub use tx::Tx;
diff --git a/nomos-cli/src/da/disseminate.rs b/nomos-cli/src/da/disseminate.rs
index 5386496f..11212ea5 100644
--- a/nomos-cli/src/da/disseminate.rs
+++ b/nomos-cli/src/da/disseminate.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use nomos_core::{da::DaProtocol, wire};
 use nomos_da::network::{adapters::libp2p::Libp2pAdapter, NetworkAdapter};
 use nomos_log::Logger;
 use nomos_network::{backends::libp2p::Libp2p, NetworkService};
-use overwatch_derive::*;
 use overwatch_rs::{
     services::{
         handle::{ServiceHandle, ServiceStateHandle},
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ use overwatch_rs::{
         state::*,
         ServiceCore, ServiceData, ServiceId,
     },
-    DynError,
+    DynError, Services,
 };
 use reqwest::Url;
 use serde::Serialize;
@@ -139,7 +138,6 @@ impl ServiceData for DisseminateService {
     type Message = NoMessage;
 }
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl ServiceCore for DisseminateService {
     fn init(service_state: ServiceStateHandle<Self>) -> Result<Self, DynError> {
         Ok(Self { service_state })
diff --git a/nomos-metrics/src/lib.rs b/nomos-metrics/src/lib.rs
index c9ec1277..61683102 100644
--- a/nomos-metrics/src/lib.rs
+++ b/nomos-metrics/src/lib.rs
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ impl ServiceCore for Metrics {
                         let reg = registry.lock().unwrap();
                         // If encoding fails, we need to stop trying process subsequent metrics gather
                         // requests. If it succeds, encode method returns empty unit type.
-                        _ = encode(&mut buf, &reg).map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::Other, e))?;
+                        encode(&mut buf, &reg).map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::Other, e))?;
                     }
 
                     reply_channel
diff --git a/nomos-services/api/src/http/mempool.rs b/nomos-services/api/src/http/mempool.rs
index 67e4bfb8..554f122f 100644
--- a/nomos-services/api/src/http/mempool.rs
+++ b/nomos-services/api/src/http/mempool.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ where
     N: NetworkBackend,
     A: NetworkAdapter<Backend = N, Item = Item, Key = Key> + Send + Sync + 'static,
     A::Settings: Send + Sync,
-    D: Discriminant,
+    D: Discriminant + Send,
     Item: Clone + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static + Hash,
     Key: Clone + Debug + Ord + Hash + 'static,
 {
diff --git a/nomos-services/api/src/lib.rs b/nomos-services/api/src/lib.rs
index a013f81f..d300b5f1 100644
--- a/nomos-services/api/src/lib.rs
+++ b/nomos-services/api/src/lib.rs
@@ -8,21 +8,22 @@ use overwatch_rs::{
     },
     DynError,
 };
+use std::future::Future;
 
 pub mod http;
 
 /// A simple abstraction so that we can easily
 /// change the underlying http server
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait Backend {
     type Error: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static;
     type Settings: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static;
 
-    async fn new(settings: Self::Settings) -> Result<Self, Self::Error>
+    fn new(settings: Self::Settings) -> impl Future<Output = Result<Self, Self::Error>> + Send
     where
         Self: Sized;
 
-    async fn serve(self, handle: OverwatchHandle) -> Result<(), Self::Error>;
+    fn serve(self, handle: OverwatchHandle)
+        -> impl Future<Output = Result<(), Self::Error>> + Send;
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
@@ -47,7 +48,6 @@ impl<B: Backend> ServiceData for ApiService<B> {
     type Message = NoMessage;
 }
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl<B> ServiceCore for ApiService<B>
 where
     B: Backend + Send + Sync + 'static,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ where
     }
 
     /// Service main loop
-    async fn run(mut self) -> Result<(), DynError> {
+    async fn run(self) -> Result<(), DynError> {
         let endpoint = B::new(self.settings.backend_settings).await?;
         endpoint.serve(self.handle).await?;
         Ok(())
diff --git a/nomos-services/api/tests/todo.rs b/nomos-services/api/tests/todo.rs
index 845d684d..a1f14ce1 100644
--- a/nomos-services/api/tests/todo.rs
+++ b/nomos-services/api/tests/todo.rs
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ use std::{
 use axum::{routing, Router, Server};
 use hyper::Error;
 use nomos_api::{ApiService, ApiServiceSettings, Backend};
-use overwatch_derive::Services;
 use overwatch_rs::{
     overwatch::{handle::OverwatchHandle, OverwatchRunner},
     services::handle::ServiceHandle,
+    Services,
 };
 use utoipa::{
     openapi::security::{ApiKey, ApiKeyValue, SecurityScheme},
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ pub struct WebServer {
     addr: SocketAddr,
 }
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Backend for WebServer {
     type Error = hyper::Error;
 
diff --git a/nomos-services/carnot-consensus/src/test.rs b/nomos-services/carnot-consensus/src/test.rs
index 2d863225..8254f25e 100644
--- a/nomos-services/carnot-consensus/src/test.rs
+++ b/nomos-services/carnot-consensus/src/test.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ use crate::network::messages::*;
 use crate::overlay::committees::*;
 use crate::overlay::*;
 use crate::*;
-use async_trait::async_trait;
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use futures::Stream;
 use nomos_core::fountain::FountainError;
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@ struct DummyOverlay;
 struct DummyAdapter;
 struct DummyBackend;
 
-#[async_trait]
 impl<N: NetworkAdapter + Sync, F: FountainCode + Sync> Overlay<N, F, MockTally> for DummyOverlay {
     fn new(_: &View, _: NodeId) -> Self {
         DummyOverlay
@@ -52,7 +50,6 @@ impl<N: NetworkAdapter + Sync, F: FountainCode + Sync> Overlay<N, F, MockTally>
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
 impl NetworkAdapter for DummyAdapter {
     type Backend = DummyBackend;
     async fn new(
@@ -87,7 +84,6 @@ impl NetworkAdapter for DummyAdapter {
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
 impl NetworkBackend for DummyBackend {
     type Settings = ();
     type State = NoState<()>;
diff --git a/nomos-services/mempool/tests/mock.rs b/nomos-services/mempool/tests/mock.rs
index c86bed99..8af888c8 100644
--- a/nomos-services/mempool/tests/mock.rs
+++ b/nomos-services/mempool/tests/mock.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ use nomos_network::{
     backends::mock::{Mock, MockBackendMessage, MockConfig, MockMessage},
     NetworkConfig, NetworkMsg, NetworkService,
 };
-use overwatch_derive::*;
-use overwatch_rs::{overwatch::OverwatchRunner, services::handle::ServiceHandle};
+use overwatch_rs::{overwatch::OverwatchRunner, services::handle::ServiceHandle, Services};
 
 use nomos_mempool::{
     backend::mockpool::MockPool,
diff --git a/tests/src/lib.rs b/tests/src/lib.rs
index cbc6da5b..dfa5a017 100644
--- a/tests/src/lib.rs
+++ b/tests/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 pub mod nodes;
+use futures::Future;
 use mixnet_node::MixnetNodeConfig;
 use mixnet_topology::MixnetTopology;
 pub use nodes::MixNode;
@@ -38,11 +39,10 @@ pub fn adjust_timeout(d: Duration) -> Duration {
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait Node: Sized {
     type ConsensusInfo: Debug + Clone + PartialEq;
-    async fn spawn_nodes(config: SpawnConfig) -> Vec<Self>;
-    async fn consensus_info(&self) -> Self::ConsensusInfo;
+    fn spawn_nodes(config: SpawnConfig) -> impl Future<Output = Vec<Self>> + Send;
+    fn consensus_info(&self) -> impl Future<Output = Self::ConsensusInfo> + Send;
     fn stop(&mut self);
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/src/nodes/nomos.rs b/tests/src/nodes/nomos.rs
index 984357a3..542ec63f 100644
--- a/tests/src/nodes/nomos.rs
+++ b/tests/src/nodes/nomos.rs
@@ -197,7 +197,6 @@ impl NomosNode {
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Node for NomosNode {
     type ConsensusInfo = CarnotInfo;
 
@@ -341,8 +340,6 @@ fn create_node_config(
                 cors_origins: vec![],
             },
         },
-        #[cfg(feature = "metrics")]
-        metrics: Default::default(),
         da: nomos_da::Settings {
             da_protocol: full_replication::Settings {
                 voter: id,