lssa/nssa/program_methods/guest/src/bin/token.rs

use nssa_core::{
    account::{Account, AccountId, AccountWithMetadata, Data},
    program::{ProgramInput, read_nssa_inputs, write_nssa_outputs},
};

// The token program has two functions:
// 1. New token definition.
//    Arguments to this function are:
//      * Two **default** accounts: [definition_account, holding_account].
//        The first default account will be initialized with the token definition account values. The second account will
//        be initialized to a token holding account for the new token, holding the entire total supply.
//      * An instruction data of 23-bytes, indicating the total supply and the token name, with
//        the following layout:
//        [0x00 || total_supply (little-endian 16 bytes) || name (6 bytes)]
//        The name cannot be equal to [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]
// 2. Token transfer
//    Arguments to this function are:
//      * Two accounts: [sender_account, recipient_account].
//      * An instruction data byte string of length 23, indicating the total supply with the following layout
//        [0x01 || amount (little-endian 16 bytes) || 0x00 || 0x00 || 0x00 || 0x00 || 0x00 || 0x00].

const TOKEN_DEFINITION_TYPE: u8 = 0;
const TOKEN_DEFINITION_DATA_SIZE: usize = 23;

const TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE: u8 = 1;
const TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE: usize = 49;

struct TokenDefinition {
    account_type: u8,
    name: [u8; 6],
    total_supply: u128,
}

struct TokenHolding {
    account_type: u8,
    definition_id: AccountId,
    balance: u128,
}

impl TokenDefinition {
    fn into_data(self) -> Vec<u8> {
        let mut bytes = [0; TOKEN_DEFINITION_DATA_SIZE];
        bytes[0] = self.account_type;
        bytes[1..7].copy_from_slice(&self.name);
        bytes[7..].copy_from_slice(&self.total_supply.to_le_bytes());
        bytes.into()
    }
}

impl TokenHolding {
    fn new(definition_id: &AccountId) -> Self {
        Self {
            account_type: TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE,
            definition_id: definition_id.clone(),
            balance: 0,
        }
    }

    fn parse(data: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
        if data.len() != TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE || data[0] != TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE {
            None
        } else {
            let account_type = data[0];
            let definition_id = AccountId::new(data[1..33].try_into().unwrap());
            let balance = u128::from_le_bytes(data[33..].try_into().unwrap());
            Some(Self {
                definition_id,
                balance,
                account_type,
            })
        }
    }

    fn into_data(self) -> Data {
        let mut bytes = [0; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE];
        bytes[0] = self.account_type;
        bytes[1..33].copy_from_slice(&self.definition_id.to_bytes());
        bytes[33..].copy_from_slice(&self.balance.to_le_bytes());
        bytes.into()
    }
}

fn transfer(pre_states: &[AccountWithMetadata], balance_to_move: u128) -> Vec<Account> {
    if pre_states.len() != 2 {
        panic!("Invalid number of input accounts");
    }
    let sender = &pre_states[0];
    let recipient = &pre_states[1];

    let mut sender_holding =
        TokenHolding::parse(&sender.account.data).expect("Invalid sender data");
    let mut recipient_holding = if recipient.account == Account::default() {
        TokenHolding::new(&sender_holding.definition_id)
    } else {
        TokenHolding::parse(&recipient.account.data).expect("Invalid recipient data")
    };

    if sender_holding.definition_id != recipient_holding.definition_id {
        panic!("Sender and recipient definition id mismatch");
    }

    if sender_holding.balance < balance_to_move {
        panic!("Insufficient balance");
    }

    if !sender.is_authorized {
        panic!("Sender authorization is missing");
    }

    sender_holding.balance -= balance_to_move;
    recipient_holding.balance = recipient_holding
        .balance
        .checked_add(balance_to_move)
        .expect("Recipient balance overflow.");

    let sender_post = {
        let mut this = sender.account.clone();
        this.data = sender_holding.into_data();
        this
    };
    let recipient_post = {
        let mut this = recipient.account.clone();
        this.data = recipient_holding.into_data();
        this
    };

    vec![sender_post, recipient_post]
}

fn new_definition(
    pre_states: &[AccountWithMetadata],
    name: [u8; 6],
    total_supply: u128,
) -> Vec<Account> {
    if pre_states.len() != 2 {
        panic!("Invalid number of input accounts");
    }
    let definition_target_account = &pre_states[0];
    let holding_target_account = &pre_states[1];

    if definition_target_account.account != Account::default() {
        panic!("Definition target account must have default values");
    }

    if holding_target_account.account != Account::default() {
        panic!("Holding target account must have default values");
    }

    let token_definition = TokenDefinition {
        account_type: TOKEN_DEFINITION_TYPE,
        name,
        total_supply,
    };

    let token_holding = TokenHolding {
        account_type: TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE,
        definition_id: definition_target_account.account_id.clone(),
        balance: total_supply,
    };

    let mut definition_target_account_post = definition_target_account.account.clone();
    definition_target_account_post.data = token_definition.into_data();

    let mut holding_target_account_post = holding_target_account.account.clone();
    holding_target_account_post.data = token_holding.into_data();

    vec![definition_target_account_post, holding_target_account_post]
}

type Instruction = [u8; 23];

fn main() {
    let (
        ProgramInput {
            pre_states,
            instruction,
        },
        instruction_words,
    ) = read_nssa_inputs::<Instruction>();

    match instruction[0] {
        0 => {
            // Parse instruction
            let total_supply = u128::from_le_bytes(instruction[1..17].try_into().unwrap());
            let name: [u8; 6] = instruction[17..].try_into().unwrap();
            assert_ne!(name, [0; 6]);

            // Execute
            let post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, name, total_supply);
            write_nssa_outputs(instruction_words, pre_states, post_states);
        }
        1 => {
            // Parse instruction
            let balance_to_move = u128::from_le_bytes(instruction[1..17].try_into().unwrap());
            let name: [u8; 6] = instruction[17..].try_into().unwrap();
            assert_eq!(name, [0; 6]);

            // Execute
            let post_states = transfer(&pre_states, balance_to_move);
            write_nssa_outputs(instruction_words, pre_states, post_states);
        }
        _ => panic!("Invalid instruction"),
    };
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use nssa_core::account::{Account, AccountId, AccountWithMetadata};

    use crate::{TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE, TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE, new_definition, transfer};

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid number of input accounts")]
    #[test]
    fn test_call_new_definition_with_invalid_number_of_accounts_1() {
        let pre_states = vec![AccountWithMetadata {
            account: Account::default(),
            is_authorized: true,
            account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
        }];
        let _post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, [0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe], 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid number of input accounts")]
    #[test]
    fn test_call_new_definition_with_invalid_number_of_accounts_2() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([3; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, [0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe], 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Definition target account must have default values")]
    #[test]
    fn test_new_definition_non_default_first_account_should_fail() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    program_owner: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, [0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe], 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Holding target account must have default values")]
    #[test]
    fn test_new_definition_non_default_second_account_should_fail() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    program_owner: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, [0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe], 10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_new_definition_with_valid_inputs_succeeds() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: false,
                account_id: AccountId::new([
                    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
                    23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,
                ]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: false,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];

        let post_states = new_definition(&pre_states, [0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe], 10);
        let [definition_account, holding_account] = post_states.try_into().ok().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            definition_account.data,
            vec![
                0, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 0xca, 0xfe, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                0, 0
            ]
        );
        assert_eq!(
            holding_account.data,
            vec![
                1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
                23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                0, 0
            ]
        );
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid number of input accounts")]
    #[test]
    fn test_call_transfer_with_invalid_number_of_accounts_1() {
        let pre_states = vec![AccountWithMetadata {
            account: Account::default(),
            is_authorized: true,
            account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
        }];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid number of input accounts")]
    #[test]
    fn test_call_transfer_with_invalid_number_of_accounts_2() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([3; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid sender data")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_invalid_instruction_type_should_fail() {
        let invalid_type = TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE ^ 1;
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // First byte should be `TOKEN_HOLDING_TYPE` for token holding accounts
                    data: vec![invalid_type; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid sender data")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_invalid_data_size_should_fail_1() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Data must be of exact length `TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE`
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 1],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Invalid sender data")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_invalid_data_size_should_fail_2() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Data must be of exact length `TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE`
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE + 1],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account::default(),
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Sender and recipient definition id mismatch")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_with_different_definition_ids_should_fail() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    data: vec![1]
                        .into_iter()
                        .chain(vec![2; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 1])
                        .collect(),
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 10);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Insufficient balance")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_with_insufficient_balance_should_fail() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Account with balance 37
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 16]
                        .into_iter()
                        .chain(u128::to_le_bytes(37))
                        .collect(),
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        // Attempt to transfer 38 tokens
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 38);
    }

    #[should_panic(expected = "Sender authorization is missing")]
    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_without_sender_authorization_should_fail() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Account with balance 37
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 16]
                        .into_iter()
                        .chain(u128::to_le_bytes(37))
                        .collect(),
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: false,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE],
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let _post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 37);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_transfer_with_valid_inputs_succeeds() {
        let pre_states = vec![
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Account with balance 37
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 16]
                        .into_iter()
                        .chain(u128::to_le_bytes(37))
                        .collect(),
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([1; 32]),
            },
            AccountWithMetadata {
                account: Account {
                    // Account with balance 255
                    data: vec![1; TOKEN_HOLDING_DATA_SIZE - 16]
                        .into_iter()
                        .chain(u128::to_le_bytes(255))
                        .collect(),
                    ..Account::default()
                },
                is_authorized: true,
                account_id: AccountId::new([2; 32]),
            },
        ];
        let post_states = transfer(&pre_states, 11);
        let [sender_post, recipient_post] = post_states.try_into().ok().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            sender_post.data,
            vec![
                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 26, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
            ]
        );
        assert_eq!(
            recipient_post.data,
            vec![
                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
            ]
        );
    }
}