diff --git a/mixnet/protocol/gossip.py b/mixnet/protocol/gossip.py
index ff88e2f..2203cee 100644
--- a/mixnet/protocol/gossip.py
+++ b/mixnet/protocol/gossip.py
@@ -2,13 +2,11 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import hashlib
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from enum import Enum
-from typing import Awaitable, Callable, Self
+from typing import Awaitable, Callable
 
 from framework import Framework
 from protocol.connection import (
     DuplexConnection,
-    MixSimplexConnection,
     SimplexConnection,
 )
 from protocol.error import PeeringDegreeReached
@@ -63,15 +61,30 @@ class Gossip:
             msg = await conn.recv()
             if self.__check_update_cache(msg):
                 continue
-            await self.process_inbound_msg(msg)
+            await self._process_inbound_msg(msg)
 
-    async def process_inbound_msg(self, msg: bytes):
-        await self.gossip(msg)
+    async def _process_inbound_msg(self, msg: bytes):
+        await self._gossip(msg)
         await self.handler(msg)
 
-    async def gossip(self, msg: bytes):
+    async def publish(self, msg: bytes):
         """
-        Gossip a message to all connected peers.
+        Publish a message to all nodes in the network.
+        """
+        # Don't publish the same message twice.
+        # Touching the cache here is necessary because this method is called by the user,
+        # even though we update the cache in the _process_inbound_msg method.
+        # It's because we don't want this publisher node to gossip the message again
+        # when it first receives the messages from one of its peers later.
+        if not self.__check_update_cache(msg):
+            await self._gossip(msg)
+            # With the same reason, call the handler here
+            # which means that we consider that this publisher node received the message.
+            await self.handler(msg)
+
+    async def _gossip(self, msg: bytes):
+        """
+        Gossip a message to all peers connected to this node.
         """
         for conn in self.conns:
             await conn.send(msg)
diff --git a/mixnet/protocol/node.py b/mixnet/protocol/node.py
index a43b866..4b6d77f 100644
--- a/mixnet/protocol/node.py
+++ b/mixnet/protocol/node.py
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ class Node:
         match result:
             case SphinxPacket():
                 # Gossip the next Sphinx packet
-                await self.nomssip.gossip(result.bytes())
+                await self.nomssip.publish(result.bytes())
             case bytes():
                 if self.recovered_msg_handler is not None:
                     result = await self.recovered_msg_handler(result)
                 # Broadcast the message fully recovered from Sphinx packets
-                await self.broadcast.gossip(result)
+                await self.broadcast.publish(result)
             case None:
                 return
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class Node:
             self.global_config,
             self.config.mix_path_length,
         )
-        await self.nomssip.gossip(sphinx_packet.bytes())
+        await self.nomssip.publish(sphinx_packet.bytes())
 
 
 def connect_nodes(
diff --git a/mixnet/protocol/nomssip.py b/mixnet/protocol/nomssip.py
index 3875b34..588a92e 100644
--- a/mixnet/protocol/nomssip.py
+++ b/mixnet/protocol/nomssip.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class Nomssip(Gossip):
         )
 
     @override
-    async def process_inbound_msg(self, msg: bytes):
+    async def _process_inbound_msg(self, msg: bytes):
         packet = FlaggedPacket.from_bytes(msg)
         match packet.flag:
             case FlaggedPacket.Flag.NOISE:
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class Nomssip(Gossip):
                 await self.handler(packet.message)
 
     @override
-    async def gossip(self, msg: bytes):
+    async def _gossip(self, msg: bytes):
         """
         Gossip a message to all connected peers with prepending a message flag
         """
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class Nomssip(Gossip):
         """
         An internal method to send a flagged packet to all connected peers
         """
-        await super().gossip(packet.bytes())
+        await super()._gossip(packet.bytes())
 
 
 class FlaggedPacket:
diff --git a/mixnet/queuesim/node.py b/mixnet/queuesim/node.py
index ee4495a..f9bbdf6 100644
--- a/mixnet/queuesim/node.py
+++ b/mixnet/queuesim/node.py
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ class Node:
         """
         Send the message via Nomos Gossip to all connected peers.
         """
-        await self.nomssip.gossip(msg)
+        await self.nomssip.publish(msg)