nim-chronos/chronos/asyncsync.nim

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Nim

#
# Chronos synchronization primitives
#
# (c) Copyright 2018-Present Eugene Kabanov
# (c) Copyright 2018-Present Status Research & Development GmbH
#
# Licensed under either of
# Apache License, version 2.0, (LICENSE-APACHEv2)
# MIT license (LICENSE-MIT)
## This module implements some core synchronization primitives
import std/[sequtils, deques]
import ./asyncloop
type
AsyncLock* = ref object of RootRef
## A primitive lock is a synchronization primitive that is not owned by
## a particular coroutine when locked. A primitive lock is in one of two
## states, ``locked`` or ``unlocked``.
##
## When more than one coroutine is blocked in ``acquire()`` waiting for
## the state to turn to unlocked, only one coroutine proceeds when a
## ``release()`` call resets the state to unlocked; first coroutine which
## is blocked in ``acquire()`` is being processed.
locked: bool
acquired: bool
waiters: seq[Future[void]]
AsyncEvent* = ref object of RootRef
## A primitive event object.
##
## An event manages a flag that can be set to `true` with the ``fire()``
## procedure and reset to `false` with the ``clear()`` procedure.
## The ``wait()`` coroutine blocks until the flag is `false`.
##
## If more than one coroutine blocked in ``wait()`` waiting for event
## state to be signaled, when event get fired, then all coroutines
## continue proceeds in order, they have entered waiting state.
flag: bool
waiters: seq[Future[void]]
AsyncQueue*[T] = ref object of RootRef
## A queue, useful for coordinating producer and consumer coroutines.
##
## If ``maxsize`` is less than or equal to zero, the queue size is
## infinite. If it is an integer greater than ``0``, then "await put()"
## will block when the queue reaches ``maxsize``, until an item is
## removed by "await get()".
getters: seq[Future[void]]
putters: seq[Future[void]]
queue: Deque[T]
maxsize: int
AsyncQueueEmptyError* = object of CatchableError
## ``AsyncQueue`` is empty.
AsyncQueueFullError* = object of CatchableError
## ``AsyncQueue`` is full.
AsyncLockError* = object of CatchableError
## ``AsyncLock`` is either locked or unlocked.
proc newAsyncLock*(): AsyncLock =
## Creates new asynchronous lock ``AsyncLock``.
##
## Lock is created in the unlocked state. When the state is unlocked,
## ``acquire()`` changes the state to locked and returns immediately.
## When the state is locked, ``acquire()`` blocks until a call to
## ``release()`` in another coroutine changes it to unlocked.
##
## The ``release()`` procedure changes the state to unlocked and returns
## immediately.
# Workaround for callSoon() not worked correctly before
# getThreadDispatcher() call.
discard getThreadDispatcher()
AsyncLock(waiters: newSeq[Future[void]](), locked: false, acquired: false)
proc wakeUpFirst(lock: AsyncLock): bool {.inline.} =
## Wake up the first waiter if it isn't done.
var i = 0
var res = false
while i < len(lock.waiters):
var waiter = lock.waiters[i]
inc(i)
if not(waiter.finished()):
waiter.complete()
res = true
break
if i > 0:
lock.waiters.delete(0, i - 1)
res
proc checkAll(lock: AsyncLock): bool {.inline.} =
## Returns ``true`` if waiters array is empty or full of cancelled futures.
for fut in lock.waiters.mitems():
if not(fut.cancelled()):
return false
return true
proc acquire*(lock: AsyncLock) {.async.} =
## Acquire a lock ``lock``.
##
## This procedure blocks until the lock ``lock`` is unlocked, then sets it
## to locked and returns.
if not(lock.locked) and lock.checkAll():
lock.acquired = true
lock.locked = true
else:
var w = newFuture[void]("AsyncLock.acquire")
lock.waiters.add(w)
await w
lock.acquired = true
lock.locked = true
proc locked*(lock: AsyncLock): bool =
## Return `true` if the lock ``lock`` is acquired, `false` otherwise.
lock.locked
proc release*(lock: AsyncLock) =
## Release a lock ``lock``.
##
## When the ``lock`` is locked, reset it to unlocked, and return. If any
## other coroutines are blocked waiting for the lock to become unlocked,
## allow exactly one of them to proceed.
if lock.locked:
# We set ``lock.locked`` to ``false`` only when there no active waiters.
# If active waiters are present, then ``lock.locked`` will be set to `true`
# in ``acquire()`` procedure's continuation.
if not(lock.acquired):
raise newException(AsyncLockError, "AsyncLock was already released!")
else:
lock.acquired = false
if not(lock.wakeUpFirst()):
lock.locked = false
else:
raise newException(AsyncLockError, "AsyncLock is not acquired!")
proc newAsyncEvent*(): AsyncEvent =
## Creates new asyncronous event ``AsyncEvent``.
##
## An event manages a flag that can be set to `true` with the `fire()`
## procedure and reset to `false` with the `clear()` procedure.
## The `wait()` procedure blocks until the flag is `true`. The flag is
## initially `false`.
# Workaround for callSoon() not worked correctly before
# getThreadDispatcher() call.
discard getThreadDispatcher()
AsyncEvent(waiters: newSeq[Future[void]](), flag: false)
proc wait*(event: AsyncEvent): Future[void] =
## Block until the internal flag of ``event`` is `true`.
## If the internal flag is `true` on entry, return immediately. Otherwise,
## block until another task calls `fire()` to set the flag to `true`,
## then return.
var w = newFuture[void]("AsyncEvent.wait")
if not(event.flag):
event.waiters.add(w)
else:
w.complete()
w
proc fire*(event: AsyncEvent) =
## Set the internal flag of ``event`` to `true`. All tasks waiting for it
## to become `true` are awakened. Task that call `wait()` once the flag is
## `true` will not block at all.
if not(event.flag):
event.flag = true
for fut in event.waiters:
if not(fut.finished()): # Could have been cancelled
fut.complete()
event.waiters.setLen(0)
proc clear*(event: AsyncEvent) =
## Reset the internal flag of ``event`` to `false`. Subsequently, tasks
## calling `wait()` will block until `fire()` is called to set the internal
## flag to `true` again.
event.flag = false
proc isSet*(event: AsyncEvent): bool =
## Return `true` if and only if the internal flag of ``event`` is `true`.
event.flag
proc newAsyncQueue*[T](maxsize: int = 0): AsyncQueue[T] =
## Creates a new asynchronous queue ``AsyncQueue``.
# Workaround for callSoon() not worked correctly before
# getThreadDispatcher() call.
discard getThreadDispatcher()
AsyncQueue[T](
getters: newSeq[Future[void]](),
putters: newSeq[Future[void]](),
queue: initDeque[T](),
maxsize: maxsize
)
proc wakeupNext(waiters: var seq[Future[void]]) {.inline.} =
var i = 0
while i < len(waiters):
var waiter = waiters[i]
inc(i)
if not(waiter.finished()):
waiter.complete()
break
if i > 0:
waiters.delete(0, i - 1)
proc full*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): bool {.inline.} =
## Return ``true`` if there are ``maxsize`` items in the queue.
##
## Note: If the ``aq`` was initialized with ``maxsize = 0`` (default),
## then ``full()`` is never ``true``.
if aq.maxsize <= 0:
false
else:
(len(aq.queue) >= aq.maxsize)
proc empty*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): bool {.inline.} =
## Return ``true`` if the queue is empty, ``false`` otherwise.
(len(aq.queue) == 0)
proc addFirstNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T) =
## Put an item ``item`` to the beginning of the queue ``aq`` immediately.
##
## If queue ``aq`` is full, then ``AsyncQueueFullError`` exception raised.
if aq.full():
raise newException(AsyncQueueFullError, "AsyncQueue is full!")
aq.queue.addFirst(item)
aq.getters.wakeupNext()
proc addLastNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T) =
## Put an item ``item`` at the end of the queue ``aq`` immediately.
##
## If queue ``aq`` is full, then ``AsyncQueueFullError`` exception raised.
if aq.full():
raise newException(AsyncQueueFullError, "AsyncQueue is full!")
aq.queue.addLast(item)
aq.getters.wakeupNext()
proc popFirstNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): T =
## Get an item from the beginning of the queue ``aq`` immediately.
##
## If queue ``aq`` is empty, then ``AsyncQueueEmptyError`` exception raised.
if aq.empty():
raise newException(AsyncQueueEmptyError, "AsyncQueue is empty!")
let res = aq.queue.popFirst()
aq.putters.wakeupNext()
res
proc popLastNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): T =
## Get an item from the end of the queue ``aq`` immediately.
##
## If queue ``aq`` is empty, then ``AsyncQueueEmptyError`` exception raised.
if aq.empty():
raise newException(AsyncQueueEmptyError, "AsyncQueue is empty!")
let res = aq.queue.popLast()
aq.putters.wakeupNext()
res
proc addFirst*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T) {.async.} =
## Put an ``item`` to the beginning of the queue ``aq``. If the queue is full,
## wait until a free slot is available before adding item.
while aq.full():
var putter = newFuture[void]("AsyncQueue.addFirst")
aq.putters.add(putter)
try:
await putter
except CatchableError as exc:
if not(aq.full()) and not(putter.cancelled()):
aq.putters.wakeupNext()
raise exc
aq.addFirstNoWait(item)
proc addLast*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T) {.async.} =
## Put an ``item`` to the end of the queue ``aq``. If the queue is full,
## wait until a free slot is available before adding item.
while aq.full():
var putter = newFuture[void]("AsyncQueue.addLast")
aq.putters.add(putter)
try:
await putter
except CatchableError as exc:
if not(aq.full()) and not(putter.cancelled()):
aq.putters.wakeupNext()
raise exc
aq.addLastNoWait(item)
proc popFirst*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): Future[T] {.async.} =
## Remove and return an ``item`` from the beginning of the queue ``aq``.
## If the queue is empty, wait until an item is available.
while aq.empty():
var getter = newFuture[void]("AsyncQueue.popFirst")
aq.getters.add(getter)
try:
await getter
except CatchableError as exc:
if not(aq.empty()) and not(getter.cancelled()):
aq.getters.wakeupNext()
raise exc
return aq.popFirstNoWait()
proc popLast*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): Future[T] {.async.} =
## Remove and return an ``item`` from the end of the queue ``aq``.
## If the queue is empty, wait until an item is available.
while aq.empty():
var getter = newFuture[void]("AsyncQueue.popLast")
aq.getters.add(getter)
try:
await getter
except CatchableError as exc:
if not(aq.empty()) and not(getter.cancelled()):
aq.getters.wakeupNext()
raise exc
return aq.popLastNoWait()
proc putNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T) {.inline.} =
## Alias of ``addLastNoWait()``.
aq.addLastNoWait(item)
proc getNoWait*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): T {.inline.} =
## Alias of ``popFirstNoWait()``.
aq.popFirstNoWait()
proc put*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T): Future[void] {.inline.} =
## Alias of ``addLast()``.
aq.addLast(item)
proc get*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): Future[T] {.inline.} =
## Alias of ``popFirst()``.
aq.popFirst()
proc clear*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]) {.inline.} =
## Clears all elements of queue ``aq``.
aq.queue.clear()
proc len*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): int {.inline.} =
## Return the number of elements in ``aq``.
len(aq.queue)
proc size*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): int {.inline.} =
## Return the maximum number of elements in ``aq``.
len(aq.maxsize)
proc `[]`*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], i: Natural) : T {.inline.} =
## Access the i-th element of ``aq`` by order from first to last.
## ``aq[0]`` is the first element, ``aq[^1]`` is the last element.
aq.queue[i]
proc `[]`*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], i: BackwardsIndex) : T {.inline.} =
## Access the i-th element of ``aq`` by order from first to last.
## ``aq[0]`` is the first element, ``aq[^1]`` is the last element.
aq.queue[len(aq.queue) - int(i)]
proc `[]=`* [T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], i: Natural, item: T) {.inline.} =
## Change the i-th element of ``aq``.
aq.queue[i] = item
proc `[]=`* [T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], i: BackwardsIndex, item: T) {.inline.} =
## Change the i-th element of ``aq``.
aq.queue[len(aq.queue) - int(i)] = item
iterator items*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): T {.inline.} =
## Yield every element of ``aq``.
for item in aq.queue.items():
yield item
iterator mitems*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): var T {.inline.} =
## Yield every element of ``aq``.
for mitem in aq.queue.mitems():
yield mitem
iterator pairs*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): tuple[key: int, val: T] {.inline.} =
## Yield every (position, value) of ``aq``.
for pair in aq.queue.pairs():
yield pair
proc contains*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T], item: T): bool {.inline.} =
## Return true if ``item`` is in ``aq`` or false if not found. Usually used
## via the ``in`` operator.
for e in aq.queue.items():
if e == item: return true
return false
proc `$`*[T](aq: AsyncQueue[T]): string =
## Turn an async queue ``aq`` into its string representation.
var res = "["
for item in aq.queue.items():
if len(res) > 1: res.add(", ")
res.addQuoted(item)
res.add("]")
res