--- title: 27/WAKU2-PEERS name: Waku v2 Client Peer Management Recommendations status: draft editor: Hanno Cornelius \ contributors: sidebar_position: 1 --- `27/WAKU2-PEERS` describes a recommended minimal set of peer storage and peer management features to be implemented by Waku v2 clients. In this context, peer _storage_ refers to a client's ability to keep track of discovered or statically-configured peers and their metadata. It also deals with matters of peer _persistence_, or the ability to store peer data on disk to resume state after a client restart. Peer _management_ is a closely related concept and refers to the set of actions a client MAY choose to perform based on its knowledge of its connected peers, e.g. triggering reconnects/disconnects, keeping certain connections alive, etc. ## Peer store The peer store SHOULD be an in-memory data structure where information about discovered or configured peers are stored. It SHOULD be considered the main source of truth for peer-related information in a Waku v2 client. Clients MAY choose to persist this store on-disk. ### Tracked peer metadata It is RECOMMENDED that a Waku v2 client tracks at least the following information about each of its peers in a peer store: | Metadata | Description | | --- | --- | | _Public key_ | The public key for this peer. This is related to the libp2p [`Peer ID`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/peer-id/). | | _Addresses_ | Known transport layer [`multiaddrs`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/addressing/) for this peer. | | _Protocols_ | The libp2p [`protocol IDs`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/protocols/#protocol-ids) supported by this peer. This can be used to track the client's connectivity to peers supporting different Waku v2 protocols, e.g. [`11/WAKU2-RELAY`](../../standards/core/11/relay.md) or [`13/WAKU2-STORE`](../../standards/core/13/store.md). | | _Connectivity_ | Tracks the peer's current connectedness state. See [**Peer connectivity**](#peer-connectivity) below. | | _Disconnect time_ | The timestamp at which this peer last disconnected. This becomes important when managing [peer reconnections](#reconnecting-peers) | ### Peer connectivity A Waku v2 client SHOULD track _at least_ the following connectivity states for each of its peers: - **`NotConnected`**: The peer has been discovered or configured on this client, but no attempt has yet been made to connect to this peer. This is the default state for a new peer. - **`CannotConnect`**: The client attempted to connect to this peer, but failed. - **`CanConnect`**: The client was recently connected to this peer and disconnected gracefully. - **`Connected`**: The client is actively connected to this peer. This list does not preclude clients from tracking more advanced connectivity metadata, such as a peer's blacklist status (see [`18/WAKU2-SWAP`](../../standards/application/18/swap.md)). ### Persistence A Waku v2 client MAY choose to persist peers across restarts, using any offline storage technology, such as an on-disk database. Peer persistence MAY be used to resume peer connections after a client restart. ## Peer management Waku v2 clients will have different requirements when it comes to managing the peers tracked in the [**peer store**](#peer-store). It is RECOMMENDED that clients support: - [automatic reconnection](#reconnecting-peers) to peers under certain conditions - [connection keep-alive](#connection-keep-alive) ### Reconnecting peers A Waku v2 client MAY choose to reconnect to previously connected, managed peers under certain conditions. Such conditions include, but are not limited to: - Reconnecting to all `relay`-capable peers after a client restart. This will require [persistent peer storage](#persistence). If a client chooses to automatically reconnect to previous peers, it MUST respect the [backing off period](https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.1.md#prune-backoff-and-peer-exchange) specified for GossipSub v1.1 before attempting to reconnect. This requires keeping track of the [last time each peer was disconnected](#tracked-peer-metadata). ### Connection keep-alive A Waku v2 client MAY choose to implement a keep-alive mechanism to certain peers. If a client chooses to implement keep-alive on a connection, it SHOULD do so by sending periodic [libp2p pings](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/protocols/#ping) as per `10/WAKU2` [client recommendations](../../standards/core/10/WAKU2.md/#recommendations-for-clients). The recommended period between pings SHOULD be _at most_ 50% of the shortest idle connection timeout for the specific client and transport. For example, idle TCP connections often times out after 10 to 15 minutes. \> **Implementation note:** the `nim-waku` client currently implements a keep-alive mechanism every `5 minutes`, in response to a TCP connection timeout of `10 minutes`. ## Copyright Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). ## References - [`Peer ID`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/peer-id/) - [`multiaddrs`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/addressing/) - [`protocol IDs`](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/protocols/#protocol-ids) - [`11/WAKU2-RELAY`](../../standards/core/11/relay.md) - [`13/WAKU2-STORE`](../../standards/core/13/store.md) - [`18/WAKU2-SWAP`](../../standards/application/18/swap.md) - [backing off period](https://github.com/libp2p/specs/blob/master/pubsub/gossipsub/gossipsub-v1.1.md#prune-backoff-and-peer-exchange) - [libp2p pings](https://docs.libp2p.io/concepts/protocols/#ping) - [`10/WAKU2` client recommendations](https://rfc.vac.dev/spec/10/#recommendations-for-clients)